Feasibility study of the use of by-product iron oxide and industrial off-gas for application to chemical looping hydrogen production

Cho, Won Chul,Lee, Doyeon,Kim, Chang Hee,Cho, Hyun Suk,Kim, Sang Done Elsevier 2018 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.216 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The chemical looping strategy for hydrogen production (CLH<SUB>2</SUB>) offers a potentially viable option for efficient fuel conversion to hydrogen with the simultaneous capture of CO<SUB>2</SUB>. Typically, this process uses an iron-based composite as an oxygen carrier and syngas or methane as a fuel. The environmental and economic concerns motivate the use of abundant by-product iron oxide and the industrial off-gas for CLH<SUB>2</SUB>. Here we showed that H<SUB>2</SUB> could be simply recovered from the industrial off-gas in a circulating fluidized bed with a mixture of the inexpensive raw material of by-product iron oxide and sand particle. The fluidization of the by-product iron oxide powder, which showed poor fluidization behavior, is improved by adding 60 vol% of sand particle. The industrial off-gas was completely converted to CO<SUB>2</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>O in a two-stage fluidized mode with a solid reactant of Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> of the binary particles<SUB>,</SUB> and then H<SUB>2</SUB> was produced by oxidizing the reduced by-product iron oxide powder with steam. The binary particles showed consistent catalytic activity under multiple redox cycles by providing macropores with a size of ∼5 μm which facilitated gas diffusion. These findings provided valuable information for the future development of CLH<SUB>2</SUB> based on by-products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Industrial off-gas is upgraded to H<SUB>2</SUB> using iron oxide in chemical looping process. </LI> <LI> By-product iron oxide exhibits good fluidization behavior by addition of sand. </LI> <LI> Industrial off-gas is completely oxidized in 2-stage fluidized bed. </LI> <LI> Recycled by-product iron oxide shows good cyclibility by providing porous structure. </LI> <LI> H<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB>-rich gas can be produced in separate streams of 3-step cycle. </LI> </UL> </P>

산업부산물 혼합토의 다짐특성 변화

유찬 ( Yu Chan ),윤성욱 ( Yun Sung Wook ),백승환 ( Baek Seung Hwan ),박진철 ( Park Jin Chul ),이정훈 ( Lee Jung Hun ) 한국농공학회 2007 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2007 No.-

By economic growth, various industrial by-products have been increasing, and the industrial by-products are treated with reclamation(21% by production amount) in Korea. Environment and resources problems are embossed with world-wide concern, and many researches, which are using industrial by-products have been processing actively. Recently, many studies are processing to use coal ash(Bottom ash and fly ash), which is producted in power plants, slag which is producted in smelting factory and constructing wastes. Large of portion fly ash has recycled as cement material, but most of bottom ash having coarse particle size has dumped in a coastal area. Therefore, in this study, as fill material of AEFC(Alternative Earthen Final Cover), industrial by-products, soil and sand were mixed(20:80, 35:65, 50:50), and was investigated the compact characteristics variation by laboratory compaction test(KSF A-1).

해조류 부산물의 유효이용을 위한 산업화방향 연구

강종호 ( Jong-ho Kang ),김우수 ( Woo-soo Kim ) 한국수산경영학회 2019 수산경영론집 Vol.50 No.4

Seaweed by-products have been dumped into the sea and induced marine pollution. However, they can be recycled as a valuable natural resources. Approximately 240,000 tons of sea mustard and kelp by-products were estimated to be producted during the last three years. The estimate corresponds 6.7% of the total production of marine aquaculture and 14.9% of the total production of seaweeds. When adding up the by-products from fish and mollusks, approximately 1,000,000 tons of fisheries by-products were thrown out into the sea every year. A three-step strategy is required for the industralization of fisheries by-products. The first step is the construction of the processing foundation of by-products, the second is its food industralization, and the third is its recycling as raw biomaterials. The stable supply of raw materials is the prerequisite for the industralization. Thus, it is necessary to construct the refuse logistics around chief production districts and to build the processing facility and frozen storage of by-products. Cooperation among private enterprises and government investment for research and development is required the second and third steps.

혼합물 실험계획법에 의한 경량기포 충전재 제조를 위한 산업부산물의 최적 배합 검토

우양이,박근배 한국건설순환자원학회 2019 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

This research studied production of lightweight filling production for sink hole restoration utilizing various industrial by-products(2kinds of fly ash, petro-cokes CFBC ash, blast furnace slag fine particle). For this purpose, the mixed raw material properties(compressive strength) behaviors according to the blending ratio of industrial by-products were examined by applying the experimental design method and statistical analysis was performed using the commercial program MINITAB. Compressive strengths of industrial by-products were strongly dependent on blast furnace slag powder. Compressive strength(3days aging) was 3~11MPa depending on the amount of blast furnace slag powder used. The use of CFBC fly ash was evaluated to have the least effect on compressive strength. In addition, the compressive strength and the coefficient of permeability were measured by preparing foamed concrete for the experimental batch 1 condition in the mixture experimental design. In this case, the bulk density is 0.9 to 1.0, the apparent porosity is 30 to 50%, the compressive strength(3days old) is 1 to 2MPa, and the permeability coefficient is 10-2 to 10-3㎝/sec.

광양만권 순환자원으로 제조된 배수재용 인공골재의 지반공학적 특성

김영상(Youngsang Kim),김원봉(Wonbong Kim) 한국지반환경공학회 2013 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.14 No.10

전남 여수, 광양지역을 중심으로 한 광양만권 지역의 공업기반 시설은 석유화학단지와 제철소 및 제철연관단지 등 대단위 산업단지로 조성되어 있으며, 이중 여수산업단지에서만 발생되는 다양한 산업부산물의 발생량만도 160만 톤이나 이들의 재활용률은 52%에 불과하다. 한편 우리나라의 천연골재의 채취 가능량은 80억㎥이며, 연간 수요량 2.4억㎥을 고려하면 33년간만 채취가 가능하며, 골재채취로 인한 환경파괴 등으로 정부는 연간 골재 채취량을 제한하고 있다. 이와 같은 환경과 자원의 문제가 국가적인 차원의 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있는 가운데, 각종 산업부산물의 재자원화를 위한 다양한 연구가 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 이 논문에서는 광양만권 산업부산물의 적절한 대량 처리방안과 광양만권 연약지반 건설현장의 경제적인 골재확보 방안의 일환으로, 인산석고와 슬래그를 이용한 인공골재를 제작하고 연약지반 개량을 위한 배수재로의 활용방안을 검토하였다. 인공골재의 제작 시 소정의 강도를 가지며, 인산석고와 슬래그 등 산업부산물의 재활용을 극대화하기 위하여 소량의 시멘트를 첨가하였으며 비소성 방식으로 제작하였다. 제조된 인공골재를 배수재용 골재로 사용하기 위해 시방기준의 검토를 위한 입도시험, 정수위 투수시험과 대형직접전 단시험을 실시한 결과, 인공골재에는 #200체 통과량이 15% 이하이며, 투수계수 1×10<SUP>-3</SUP>cm/sec 이상인 시방기준을 충분히 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 대형직접전단시험 결과 건조 시료는 천연 쇄석과 유사한 내부마찰각을 가지며, 24시간 수침조건에서도 해사 보다 우수한 것으로 나타나 연약지반에서 장비주행을 위한 지지력 확보에도 매우 유용할 것으로 판단된다. Recently, recycling of the industrial by-products has been an important issue of the Yeosu bay, where large industrial complex is located. Major industrial by-products which are produced from Yeosu industrial complex area are phosphogypsum and flyash, which are about 82% and 10% of the 1.6 million tons industrial by-products. Moreover since the Yeosu industrial complex is located at seaside, phosphogypsum has been pointed as cause of serious environmental contaminant from the regional society. Therefore recycling study can’t be delayed anymore. In this paper, artificial aggregate was manufactured by non-sintering process from industrial byproducts - e.g., phosphogypsum and slag - as a geotechnical drainage material. To show the feasibility of the artificial aggregate as a geotechnical drainage material, geotechnical experiments including particle size analysis, permeability test, and large scale direct shear test were carried out. Test results show that the permeability of the artificial aggregates range from 6.94×10<SUP>-1</SUP>cm/sec to 8.86×10<SUP>-1</SUP>cm/sec, which is much larger value than those are required for the drainage material from the construction specification in Korea, and the friction angle of the artificial aggregate is as large as that of sand in water immersion conditions. From the test results, it was concluded that artificial aggregate made from industrial by-products can be used successfully as a geotechnical drainage material.

산학협력에 의한 멀티리터러시 디자인 교육개발

강혜승 ( Kang Haeseung ) 한국기초조형학회 2020 기초조형학연구 Vol.21 No.4

21세기를 위한 인재양성의 교육 제도는 문자로 기록된 지식과 정보의 획득이라는 사전적 정의의 리터 러시를 발전시켜 디자인에 적용된 정보에 대한 변별력을 기본으로 정보, 문자, 시각 리터러시 등의 복합양식인 멀티리터러시(Mult-literacy)를 필요로 한다. 본 연구는 멀티리터러시의 적용으로 대학의 디자인 교육현장에서 사회성을 가진 자기주도형 학습능력 향상에 의한 실질적 창의인재 육성을 위해 멀티플한 상호보완적 리터러시 능력 강화 학습을 위한 멀티리터러시 디자인 교육 도입을 목적으로 산학협업에 의한 교육학습 모형을 제안한다. 멀티리터러시 디자인 상품개발을 위한 학습설계는 첫째, 문자와 정보 리터러시 교차학습인 사전 조사 선행 리서치, 둘째, 문자, 정보와 시각리터러시를 활용의 아이디에이션, 셋째, 멀티리터러시의 교차학습에 의한 디자인 상품개발, 마지막으로 상호평가로 교육체계를 구분하였다. 멀티리터러시 수업의 기대효과는 통시적 기획력을 갖춘 디자인 인재양성, 전문화된 창의적인 상품개발 증진, 유가적 경험의 실무형 학습경험으로 통합된 역량의 복합적 교육이다. 급변하는 디자인 산업현장에서 산학의 디자인 협업은 사회요구를 분석한 멀티리터러시 도입의 디자인 상품 개발이라는 산학 프로젝트형 수업모형을 적용하여 실시하였으며, 그 결과 학습자들의 성장된 디자인 능력개발을 확인하였음으로 본 연구를 멀티리터러시 적용의 디자인교육 개발의 경쟁력 향상을 위한 학습개발 모형으로 제안한다. 이는 산학협력에 의한 멀티리터러시 적용의 디자인상품 개발을 통한 디자인 산학협업 교육으로 학습자들에게 책임감 제고 기회를 제공하고 이해와 소통이 가능한 매개효과의 교육의 자료로 실질적 도움이 되길 기대해 본다. The education system for fostering talent for the 21st century requires multi-literacy, a complex form of information, text, and visual literacy, based on the ability to differentiate information applied to the design, developed from the conventional sense of literacy. This study proposes a new direction of design education model by industry-academic collaboration with the aim of introducing multi-literacy design education for multi-literacy learning in order to foster practical creative talent by enhancing self-directed learning ability with sociality in university design education field by applying multi-literacy. Learning design for multi-literacy design product development divided the education system by first, pre-survey guidance, which is cross-learning of text and information literacy. Second, the ideation of using text, information and visual literacy, third, design product development by cross-learning of multi-literacy, and finally by mutual evaluation. The expected effects of multi-literacy learning were essential for complex education of combined competency with the practical learning experience of diachronic planning skills, the promotion of specialized creative product development, and the practical learning experience of Confucian experience. The design collaboration of industry and academia in the rapidly changing design industry scene was conducted by applying the industry-academic project class model of introducing multi-literacy, which analyzed the social requirements in the development of design products, and the result is that the learners' advanced design ability development has been identified, and this research is proposed as a learning model for enhancing the competitiveness of design education development in multi-literacy application. Through the development of multi-literacy-applied design products by industry-academic cooperation education, we hope that industry-academic cooperating design education will provide opportunities for students to increase their responsibilities and help them effectively with the material of a medium effect that can be understood and communicated.

매립지 최종 복토재로서 산업부산물 재활용에 따른 토양수분특성 변화

유찬 ( Yu Chan ),윤성욱 ( Yun Sung Wook ),백승환 ( Baek Seung Hwan ),박진철 ( Park Jin Chul ),이정훈 ( Lee Jung Hun ) 한국농공학회 2007 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2007 No.-

Leaching water, which is produced in land fill can influence on the environmental problem such as soil contamination and ground water pollution. The amount of leaching water is dominated by rapid rainwater exclusion because most of the leaching amount was created by percolation of rainwater. Though landfill final cover control production of leaching water at rainfall, existing landfill final cover systems have been appearing failure instances with several problems. As AEFC(Alternative Earthen Final Cover), presently, there has been progressing a research, which reclaimed a landfill layer by the use of natural soil. But, this method could be happened some problems like ecocide by development of borrow pit. Therefore, there is a need for an alternate remediation method that cause less environmental problem and is costly. In this study, laboratory soil tank experiment was carried out to evaluate the use of industrial by-product(coal ash, slag, construction waste, p-gypsum) as landfill final cover. Soil tanks were made by acrylic(20cm×20cm×40cm), loamy soil and industrial by-product were mixed with a fixed ratio(2:8, 3.5:6.5 and 5:5), and artificial rain was fell in the soil tanks that were filled with soil and industrial bu-product until leaching water was exhausted regularly. During experiments, soil tension was measured in the regular interval with time and heavy metal concentration of leaching water was measured by standard method. As a result, coal ash showed the best effect in soil moisture field capacity and environmantal stability

한국 제조업의 경기변동 특성에 관한 연구

이충열,유경근,심원철 통계청 2007 통계연구 Vol.12 No.1

We try to examine the characteristics of business cycle by industry of Korea. For this purpose, we look at the comovement of production and price by industry of manufacturing industry. In addition, we build up 27 VAR models of world petroleum price, industrial country production index, domestic interest rate, domestic GDP and industrial production index by industry. We findthat comovements among production sector are in general greater than those of price among them. In addition, price level of many sector lead their productions. Based upon the VAR analysis, world petroleum price and interest give a negative impact on the production of many sectors and domestic GDP and industrial country production index do the positive impact. The impact by price on production is estimated relatively small. 산업별 경기변동 특성을 보기 위하여 제조업내 업종별 생산과 물가 등의 상호 시차구조를 조사하고, 국제유가, 선진국 산업생산지수, 국내금리, 한국GDP, 국내물가와 개별 업종별 생산으로 구성된 VAR모형을 설정하여 업종별 생산의 순환변동에 대한 기여 및 충격지속성 등을 분석하였다. 교차상관계수 분석결과, 각 업종과 전산업간의 관계에서 생산 공행성이 가격 공행성보다 크게 나타났고, 상당수 개별업종의 가격이 전산업 가격보다 선행하는 것으로 나타났다. 산업별 생산변동 요인 분석결과 대부분 업종에서 국제유가와 금리 충격은 부의 효과를 나타냈고, 국내GDP와 선진국의 산업생산지수는 대체로 정의 효과를 나타냈으며, 물가가 생산에 미치는 효과는 다른 변동요인보다 작고 지속성도 길지 않은 것으로 제시되었다. 업종별로는 음식료와 섬유, 종이제품과 같은 경공업 부문에서 대부분의 충격에 대한 반응이 약했으며 충격지속성 또한 짧은 것으로 나타났다.

Grape juice by-products extracted by ultrasound and microwave-assisted with different solvents: a rich chemical composition

Vania Pezzini,Fabiana Agostini,Franco Smiderle,Luciana Touguinha,Mirian Salvador,Sidnei Moura 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.3

By-products of the grape juice industry containvaluable compounds. The current work produced bioactive-enriched extracts from by-products of the grape juice,through three different extraction methods. Yields andchemical compositions varied, according to the extractionmethod (ultrasound, microwave, liquid–liquid). High-efficiencyliquid chromatography with UV–Vis and high-resolutionmass spectrometry characterised were used forchemical characterization, with glycosylated flavonoidsevident. The crude extract was fractionated by open column,which has possibility carried-out fraction rich inresveratrol. The inhibition of DPPH radicals ranged from14.2 to 74.2%, and the total phenolic content ranged from0.1 to 107.0 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g. Microwaveassistedextraction of grape juice by-products using polarsolvents, such as ethanol and water, provided the best yieldand chemical composition, obtaining extracts rich in flavonoids. In this way, this work has demonstrated theindustrial grape by-products importances, which are a richsource of antioxidants if properly extracted.

바이오소재 활용을 위한 국내 수산가공부산물의 통계 현황 연구

안소언,강도형,장덕희 (사)한국해양바이오학회 2022 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.14 No.2

By-products from fisheries produced in Korea are of the same industrial material as imported raw materials and are valuable resources for marine bioindustries. Securing raw materials for the mass production of functional materials is one of the main objectives for marine bioindustrial development. The use of fishery by-products as raw materials is anticipated to increase rapidly as the biomarket is growing into a promising industry. In this study, data were acquired from an open-source environment to perform exploratory data analysis, and various visualization methods were used to compare fishery production to the production of marine processed products in the year 2020. This study suggested that the amount of seafood processing, types of processing items, and areas where fishery processing residue is generated, should be able to secure hygienic raw material supply in large quantities. Thus far, it has been found that the Gyeonggi-do and Busan province, where HACCP-certified processing facilities are concentrated, and the local government Seafood Cluster and the Smart Aquaculture Cluster are at the forefront of stable, mass production of raw materials.