점화플러그의 전극 간극과 기관회전수 변화에 따른 배기가스 및 점화2차파형 분석

류창현(Chang-Hyun Ryu) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2010 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.15 No.1

The efficiency of the automobile is relative to the structure and a special quality of the engine, the quality of the fuel, the electronic control system and the ignition device etc. The automobile of recent times is achieving the engine performance and the high ratio of fuel and air, with to accomplish a high energy ignition device. For complete combustion and combustion activation of the mixture the ignition energy of high voltage is necessary. In order creates the flame which is powerful in the combustion mixer by high voltage ignition energy, the structure and efficiency of the ignition plug must be improved. The mixture(air/fuel) is ignited by the flame which occurs from between the electrode of the ignition plug, and the ignition peek voltage and combustion form are decided according to size of the electrode gap. The ignition plug which is used in ignition system of high voltage is using the electrode gap of about 1.1mm degree. This size of electrode gap becomes the important element to control an ignition efficiency. The goal of the paper is to research the change of the exhaust gas consistency and change of the ignition secondary wave shape according to the ignition plug electrode gap size and engine RPM.

Bench-top fabrication and electrochemical applications of a micro-gap electrode using a microbead spacer

Park, S.,Park, J.H.,Hwang, S.,Kwak, J. Elsevier Science 2016 Electrochemistry Communications Vol.68 No.-

Large-area micro-gap electrodes were fabricated employing uniform-sized spherical beads as spacers to precisely control the gap thickness ranging from 500nm to 8μm for large amperometric signal by the combination of electrochemical amplification by redox cycling and the large area of the electrodes. As a biosensor application, dopamine oxidation with an Au-Au (4μm) gap showed selective and sensitive amplification of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid.

전기 분해를 이용한 산업폐수처리에 관한 연구

안송엽 ( Song Yeob Ahn ),권희태 ( Hee Tai Kwon ) 한국수처리학회 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.2

This research connected the SUS electrode with a negative and an electrode of SUS, Carbon, Cu and Zn with a positive a so that the removal efficiency of a heavy metal were practiced quality of plate, concentration of sample, plate gap residence time and voltage which were respectively charged. Especially, this study presents. the removal efficiency of Cu and Zn. The parameters tested operating both batch and continuous electrocoagulation were electrolytic plate, plate distance, and current density with removal efficiencies of COD, SS. Good water quality of treated effluent was obtained as COD<10.0mg/L, SS<10.0mg/L with AL and SUS plate. Only 35~50% of nitrogen in raw municipal wastewater was removal by AL and SUS plate. Electricity decomposition was used with a submerged Electrolysis process in this experiment, and there was low-concentration waste water, too, organic matter, nitrogen removal were practiced. After a response fixes influx 30 minutes dozing off, the volume flowing from 10 minutes. The COD removal rate that were a showed a high removal rate more than all reactor each 85%. The SS removal rate showed a comparatively similar removal rate. As electrode gap was increased in the same electric pressure, electric resistance of solution did. The survey showed similar results that removal efficiency was decreased because IR drop happened, as a result of creased electrode gap. According to a change of time, removal efficiency was showed comparatively steady removal rating from the early of reaction velocity. It took to 40 from 60 minutes to remove 70~88% Cu and Zn showed a parallel from on the whole.

Electrochemical Signal Amplification by Gap Electrodes and Control of Gap Distances

Park, Dae Keun Korea Electric Power Corporation 2019 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.5 No.3

We report on electrochemical signal amplification using gap electrodes based on the redox cycling between gap electrodes. The distance between electrodes was controlled from $2{\mu}m$ to a few hundreds of nanometer by chemical deposition of reduced Au ion on the pre-defined electrodes. Enhanced redox current of ferri/ferrocyanide was obtained by redox cycling between the two working electrodes. The faradaic current is amplified about a thousand times in this redox system. Since the signal amplification is due to the shortened diffusion length between the two electrodes, the narrower the nanogap was, the better detection limit, calibration sensitivity, and dynamic range. The experimental results were discussed on the basis of the cyclic voltammetry (CV), atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements.

산업현장 적용을 위한 스테인레스 스틸의 전해연마 특성

김수한(Soo Han Kim),이승헌(Seung Heon Lee),조재훈(Jaehoon Cho),김상범(Sang Bum Kim),최중소(Joongso Choi),박철환(Chulhwan Park) 한국표면공학회 2016 한국표면공학회지 Vol.49 No.4

For the industrial application of electropolishing process, we investigated electropolishing characteristics of stainless steel through increasing the specimen size or electrode gap. In this study, we performed a set of experiment with the specimen size of 10 cm × 10 cm and the electrode gap of 1 cm or more. In the view of the electropolishing process, the electrolyte temperature and the polishing time were most important factors compared with the current density and the electrode gap. Especially, the electrolyte temperature most importantly affected surface roughness and current efficiency on electropolishing characteristics. For the industrial application of electropolishing process, it should be considered for important factors such as electrolyte temperature, polishing time, current density and electrode gap, etc.

미생물 연료전지의 전극 재료와 구조에 따른 전기적 특성

최규만,Choi, Kyu-man 한국정보전자통신기술학회 2014 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지 Vol.7 No.1

폐수 속에 들어있는 미생물을 이용해서 전기를 얻을 수 있도록 고안된 것이 미생물 연료전지이다. 본 논문에서는 미생물 연료전지의 전극 재료와 구조에 따른 전기적 특성을 조사했다. 구리판을 캐소드 전극으로 사용한 연료전지는 구리판의 산화 반응에 따른 전압역전현상이 관찰되어 백금판을 전극으로 사용한 연료전지보다 낮은 출력 전압을 나타내었다. 구리판을 전극으로 사용한 경우 전극판의 간격이 작을수록 높은 전압특성을 나타내었고 면적이 넓을수록 최고출력전압이 나타나는 시간이 지연되는 특성을 보였다. MFC(microbial fuel cell) is the device to produce the electricity by using the microbes which are living in the waste water. In this paper, the electric characteristics of the MFC were investigated according to each different structure and electrode materials. The voltage being reversed phenomenon was observed in the MFC which uses the cupper plate as the cathode material. This result comes from the oxidation reaction of the cupper plate electrode in this MFC. And this MFC has lower output voltage than one that has a platinum plate electrode. The smaller gap distance of the cupper plate electrode of the MFC showed the higher output voltage. The larger electrode area of the cupper plate electrode showed that the reaching time of the output voltage to the maximum value was delayed.

High Performance of Low Band Gap Polymer-Based Ambipolar Transistor Using Single-Layer Graphene Electrodes

Choi, Jong Yong,Kang, Woonggi,Kang, Boseok,Cha, Wonsuk,Son, Seon Kyoung,Yoon, Youngwoon,Kim, Hyunjung,Kang, Youngjong,Ko, Min Jae,Son, Hae Jung,Cho, Kilwon,Cho, Jeong Ho,Kim, BongSoo American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.10

<P>Bottom-contact bottom-gate organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are fabricated using a low band gap pDTTDPP-DT polymer as a channel material and single-layer graphene (SLG) or Au source/drain electrodes. The SLG-based ambipolar OFETs significantly outperform the Au-based ambipolar OFETs, and thermal annealing effectively improves the carrier mobilities of the pDTTDPP-DT films. The difference is attributed to the following facts: (i) the thermally annealed pDTTDPP-DT chains on the SLG assume more crystalline features with an edge-on orientation as compared to the polymer chains on the Au, (ii) the morphological features of the thermally annealed pDTTDPP-DT films on the SLG electrodes are closer to the features of those on the gate dielectric layer, and (iii) the SLG electrode provides a flatter, more hydrophobic surface that is favorable for the polymer crystallization than the Au. In addition, the preferred carrier transport in each electrode-based OFET is associated with the HOMO/LUMO alignment relative to the Fermi level of the employed electrode. All of these experimental results consistently explain why the carrier mobilities of the SLG-based OFET are more than 10 times higher than those of the Au-based OTFT. This work demonstrates the strong dependence of ambipolar carrier transport on the source/drain electrode and annealing temperature.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-10/acsami.5b00747/production/images/medium/am-2015-00747f_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b00747'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

녹색성장을 위한 환경개선용 고성능 오존발생장치 개발

송현직(Hyun-Jig Song) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2016 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.30 No.4

In order to develope high performance ozonizer system, silent discharge of a new type ozonizer(SDTO) has been designed and manufactured. SDTO is equipped with three electrodes(central, internal and external electrodes), and it is composed of double gaps(gap between central electrode and internal electrode, gap between internal electrode and external electrode). Ozone is generated by overlapping silent discharge, which is respectively came from double gaps. This paper describes the following two characteristics : ① The characteristics of discharge with variation of output voltage of AC H.V source and quality of supplied gas ② The characteristics of ozone generation with variation of quality of supplied gas, discharge power and operating number. As a result, the maximum ozone concentration, generation, and yield can be obtained 20,187ppm, 13.7g/h and 350.8g/kwh respectively.

ER유체의 빙햄특성 측정을 위한 측정기의 설계변수에 관한 연구

이형식(Hyong-Sik Lee),방흥석(Heung-Sug Bang),지성근(Sung-Keun Ji) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2011 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.16 No.2

In this study, the shear mode measuring devices which is used in general applications of ER fluid is proposed and Bingham Properties of ER(Electro-Rheological) fluid depended on various electrode shapes and materials is measured. Shear forces depended on radius variations is measured similarly. When the torque of ER fluid which is measured is same, the shear stress shows the size which is identical. The case where the torque which is measured will be same, the shear stress is of one size whether the gap of electrodes is changed. As a result of experiment, shear stress is increased with increasing shear rate. Also Bingham Property is increased with increasing electrical field strength. The experimental results by the proposed equipment is almost same with the conventional equipment by increasing electrode radius. ER effects is increased with the decreasing of the electrode gap.

Clinical Usefulness of the Serum Anion Gap

( Sik Lee ),( Kyung Pyo Kang ),( Sung Kyew Kang ) 대한전해질학회(구 대한전해질,혈압학회) 2006 Electrolytes & Blood Pressure Vol.4 No.1

The anion gap in the serum is useful in the interpretation of acid-base disorders and in the diagnosis of other conditions. In the early 1980s, ion-selective electrodes for specific ionic species were introduced for the measurement of serum electrolytes. This new method has caused a shift of the anion gap from 12±4 mEq/L down 6±3 mEq/L. It is worthy for clinicians to understand the range of normal anion gap and the measuring methods for serum sodium and chloride in the laboratories that support their practice. While an increase in the anion gap is almost always caused by retained unmeasured anions, a decrease in the anion gap can be generated by multiple mechanisms.