Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus인 Glomus manihot 균 접종이 고추의 성장과 영양분 흡수에 미치는 영향

이호용 ( Lee Ho Yong ),민봉희 ( Min Bong Hui ) 한국환경생물학회 2003 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.21 No.3

균권 곰팡이(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, AMF)의 하나인 Glomus manihot을 이용하여 고추의 성장과 무기이온 흡수 및 고추의 치명적 질병인 역병 방제에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과 매우 유의적인 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. AMF 균주 처리에 의해 질소, 인산, 칼리의 흡수와 초기 중량이 증가되었음을 파종 2주만에 확인할 수 있었으며 고추 품종에 따른 차이는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 이는 Glomus manihot이 고추의 발아와 동시에 뿌리에 공생하게 되어 나타나는 결과였으며 따라서 파종 시기에 맞춰 AMF를 투입하는 것이 중요한 것으로 판단된다. 야외에서 6주간 경작한 결과, 중량은 AMF와 불용성 인산은 동시 처리한 결과 40% 가까운 증가 효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과는 불용성 인산을 사용 가능케 하는 AMF의 특징에 의한 것으로 토양 내 문제점이 되고 있는 인산 과용에 의한 불용성 인산염의 제거에도 매우 좋은 효과를 나타내리라 판단되었다. 또한 Phyto-phtohra capsici에 의한 고추 역병에 대해서도 Glomus manihot의 접종이 그 피해를 경감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 고추 품종에 상관없이 파종 초기에 Glomus manihot을 접종한다면 고추의 성장과 질병 방제효과를 통해 보다 좋은 품질의 고추를 생산할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었었다. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus(AMF), Glomus manihot, on plant growth and nutrient uptake onpepper(Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings were evaluated in the nursery experiment. Five different strains of pepper, Chungok, shingang, Manitta, Gonggongchil, and Shintaeyang, were used in this study. Total fresh weight, nutrient(nitrogen, phosphate and potassium) uptake were increased in all strains inoculated with G. manihot alone and G. manihot and rock phosphate over control at 2 weeks after seeding. Plant weight and phosphate uptake in plants treated with AMF were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of control at 6 weeks after seedling. The treatment with G. manihot and rock phosphate gave better plant performance than the treatment with G. manihot alone at 6 weeks after seeding. The lengths of pathogenic symptom on pepper by Phytophthora capsici were reduced significantly by the inoculation of G. manihot spores, Therefore, it would be expected that AMF can be used as the biocontrol agent on pathogens in pepper.

충남 섬 지역 근권 토양의 수지상균근균 군집 구조

이정윤 ( Jeong Youn Lee ),이은화 ( Eun Hwa Lee ),가강현 ( Kang Hyeon Ka ),엄안흠 ( Ahn Heum Eom ) 한국균학회 2016 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.44 No.1

Five islands (Sinjindo, Mado, Daenanjido, Wonsando, and Sapsido) and the coastal area (Muchangpo) in Chungnam, Korea, were selected to determine the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Soil-inhabiting AM fungi were isolated and identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and sequence analyses of 18s rDNA. The differences in the fungal community structures were compared among sites. As a result, 24 species of AM fungi were identified, of which two species of AM fungi, Acaulospora brasiliensis and Redeckera fulvum, were isolated for the first time in Korea. This study revealed that AM fungal spore abundance was low and the genus Acaulospora was dominant in most of the islands. AM fungal community structures in five Islands were highly similar. However, the coastal area, Muchangpo, had different AM fungal community structure from the islands.

밭 작물에서 분리한 균근균의 접종 효과 비교

김석진,김지현,김진경,장광진,최장남 한국자원식물학회 2014 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.27 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics and infection effects of AMF with soil samples collected at some sites in Gyeonggi province, Korea. AMF spore and characteristics of infection structure in upland plant root were observed as wet sieving and staining method, growth of Capsicicum annum was compared between treatment and non treatment. AMF spores isolated from each soil sample were ellipse or circle type and the colors were soft yellow and white. The colonization rate of AMF with soil infection of Zea mays roots was 13.3~83.3%, the rate of infected soil collected from Z. mays was higher on average. When compared to the growth of C. Annum with control after infection on C. annum, it wasn’t showing many differences in fresh weight, dry weight and height, but the yield of fruit of C. annuum showed double than the control group. AMF의 특징 및 접종 효과를 확인하기 위해 경기 지역에서 토양 시료를 채집하고 AMF 포자를 분리하여 포자 및 감염 구조의특징을 관찰하였으며 고추에 접종 후 생육 비교 조사를 실시하였다. 각 토양 시료에서 분리된 AMF 포자들은 대체적으로 원형, 타원형의 형태였으며 다양한 포자 색깔 중에서는 연노란색의 포자가 많은 분포를 나타냈다. 포자의 크기는 평균 48.4 ㎛였으며 낭상체의 크기는 평균 99.7 ㎛였다. 옥수수에 접종 배양한AMF의 뿌리 감염률은 13.3~83.3%의 범위를 나타냈으며 옥수수를 기주로 하는 토양 시료를 접종 후 배양했을 때 평균 75%이상의 높은 감염률을 나타냈다. AMF를 고추에 처리했을 때 무처리구에 비해 생체중과 건물중, 초장은 다소 증가했지만 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 하지만 3회에 걸친 수량 조사에서는 각각의 수확시기와 전체 평균 누적 수확량에서 모두 2배이상 차이를 보여 AMF를 고추에 처리했을 때 수량성면에서는뚜렷한 효과를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 밭작물을 중심으로 분리된 AMF 포자를 다른 작물에 적용했을 때 효과의 가능성을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 AMF가 식물 생육을 촉진할 수 있는 친환경 균근균 비료 자원으로서 다양한 작물과 재배지에서 적용할 수 있는 AMF의 접종원 대량 생산 시스템및 제품 개발을 위한 기초 자료로의 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

Research Articles : Dual Inoculation of Native Rhizobium spp. and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: An Impact Study for Enhancement of Pulse Production

( Bula Choudhury ),( Padum Azad ) 한국균학회 2004 Mycobiology Vol.32 No.4

Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: An Alternative to Contributing to Agroecosystem Sustainability

Gustavo Curaqueo,Sebastian Meier,Fernando Borie,Rodrigo Navia 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Role of Indigenous Mycorrhizal Species in Enhancing Physiological and Biochemical Status, Nutrient Acquisition and Yield Pattern of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

Prerna Balkrishna Pawar,Jose Savio Melo,Hemlata Madhav Kotkar,Mohan Vinayak Kulkarni 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.1

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important and increasingly well-recognized role in agro ecosystems. Beneficial soil microorganisms like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil health are key factors for producing safe plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form a symbiotic association with roots of plants and facilitate plant growth through enhancing uptake of several macro- and micro-nutrients of low mobility in soil, like phosphorus, zinc, copper, etc. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 10 different isolated mycorrhizal species viz. Glomus mosseae, Glomus clarum, Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus intraradices, Glomus ambisporum, Gigaspora gigantea, Acaulospora denticulata, Glomus globiferum, Gigaspora albida, and Glomus pansiholus on growth, yield, and essential nutrient content of groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.). Plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi showed significant increments in growth, yield, and nutrient uptake as compared to control (uninoculated) plants. Amongst all, plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae were more efficient in increasing growth parameters, enzymatic activities of nitrate reductase, and alkaline phosphatase as well as total yield as compared to other mycorrhizal inoculated plants. Overall, the study showed an additive effect of all mycorrhizal species on plant physiology. Thus, this study provides an important insight that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are most suitable for sustainable agriculture which will improve and help in increasing the growth as well as yield of groundnut.

Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with a Sb Accumulator Plant, Ramie (Boehmeria nivea), in an Active Sb Mining

( Yuan Wei ),( Zhi Peng Chen ),( Feng Chang Wu ),( Ji Ning Li ),( Yu Xian Shangguan ),( Fa Sheng Li ),( Qing Ru Zeng ),( Hong Hou ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.8

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have great potential for assisting heavy metal hyperaccumulators in the remediation of contaminated soils. However, little information is available about the symbiosis of AMF associated with an antimony (Sb) accumulator plant under natural conditions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the colonization and molecular diversity of AMF associated with the Sb accumulator ramie (Boehmeria nivea) growing in Sb-contaminated soils. Four Sb mine spoils and one adjacent reference area were selected from Xikuangshan in southern China. PCR-DGGE was used to analyze the AMF community composition in ramie roots. Morphological identification was also used to analyze the species in the rhizosphere soil of ramie. Results obtained showed that mycorrhizal symbiosis was established successfully even in the most heavily polluted sites. From the unpolluted site Ref to the highest polluted site T4, the spore numbers and AMF diversity increased at first and then decreased. Colonization increased consistently with the increasing Sb concentrations in the soil. A total of 14 species were identified by morphological analysis. From the total number of species, 4 (29%) belonged to Glomus, 2 (14%) belonged to Acaulospora, 2 (14%) belonged to Funneliformis, 1 (7%) belonged to Claroideoglomus, 1 (7%) belonged to Gigaspora, 1 (7%) belonged to Paraglomus, 1 (7%) belonging to Rhizophagus, 1 (7%) belonging to Sclervocystis, and 1 (7%) belonged to Scutellospora. Some AMF sequences were present even in the most polluted site. Morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis both revealed that most species were affiliated with Glomus, suggesting that Glomus was the dominant genus in this AMF community. This study demonstrated that ramie associated with AMF may have great potential for remediation of Sb-contaminated soils.

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Conditions on Crop Plant Growth

( Sang Joon Kim ),( Ju-kyeong Eo ),( Eun-hwa Lee ),( Hyeok Park ),( Ahn-heum Eom ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.1

We investigated the effects on various crops of inoculation with species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soils from different sources and selected AMF species suitable for domestic environment-friendly farming. Effects on plants varied with the AMF species used. In carrot, Scutellospora heterogama, Acaulospora longula, and Funneliformis mosseae had a positive effect on growth of the host, whereas AMF had only weak effects on the growth of red pepper and leek. AMF inoculation had positive effects on the growth of carrot and sorghum. The results of this study indicate the nature of the relationship between soil, plants, and AMF; this study therefore has important implications for the future use of AMF in environment-friendly agriculture.

Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Arable and Natural Soils in Korea

Eom, Ahn-Heum,Tae, Moon-Sung,Lee, Jae-Koo The Ecological Society of Korea 2004 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.27 No.3

The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) was investigated in cultivated and natural fold sites or chungbuk, Korea. soils were collected from rhizosphere or Sorghum bicolor, Fagopyrum esculentum and Glycine max in cultivated sites, and of Miscanthus sinensis, Glycine soja and Lespedeza cuneata in natural sites. Total 20 species of Glomalean fungi were found in this study. Species richness, species diversity and density of AM fungi were significantly lower in the arable sites. While only AM fungal spores belong to Glomus and Acaulospora were found in arable fold sites, more diverse fungal spores including Gigasporaceae were found in natural grasslands. AM fungal spore composition did not significantly differ among crop plant species. Results suggest that the agricultural practices were significantly influenced on AM fungal community structures and mycorrhizal developments.

Effects of Long-Term Subcultured Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Red Pepper Plant Growth and Soil Glomalin Content

( Gopal Selvakumar ),( Pyoung Ho Yi ),( Seong Eun Lee ),( Charlotte C. Shagol ),( Seung Gab Han ),( Tongmin Sa ),( Bong Nam Chung ) 한국균학회 2018 Mycobiology Vol.46 No.2

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are well-known for their ability to improve plant growth and help plants withstand abiotic stress conditions. Unlike other fungi and bacteria, AMF cannot be stored, as they are obligate biotrophs. Long-term preservation of AMF spores is challenging and may lead to the loss of viability and efficiency. This study aimed to understand the effect of prolonged subculture of AMF species on the growth and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) from red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). AMF spores were mass-produced using different techniques and subcultured in pots with sorghum sudangrass as the host plant for 3 years. Experimental soil samples were collected from natural grassland. Five different AMF inocula were used in triplicate as treatments. After 70 days of growth, red pepper plants were harvested and plant dry weight, plant nutrient content, mycorrhizal colonization, AMF spore count, and soil glomalin content were determined. AMF-treated plants displayed higher dry weight than controls, with only fruit dry weight being significantly different. Similarly, significant differences in phosphorous and potassium contents of the above-ground plant parts were observed between mycorrhizal and control treatments. In addition, soil GRSP content was significantly higher in plants inoculated with Rhizophagus sp. and Gigaspora margarita. The increased plant growth and GRSP content suggest that AMF can be maintained for 3 years without losing their efficiency if subcultured regularly with different symbiotic host plants.