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서울지역 고등학교 건물의 에너지소비특성에 관한 사례분석
김성범(Kim Sung-Bum),오병칠(Oh Byung-Chil),신우철(Shin U-Cheul) 한국태양에너지학회 2016 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.36 No.6
In this study, we analyzed five-year(2011~2015) data for D high school in Seoul area to analyze energy consumption characteristics in high school. The results are summarized as follows. (1) In the result of comparison analysis about 2015 energy consumption by usage, based on primary energy, 18% of energy was consumed in cafeteria, and 82% was consumed in main building. In the case of main building, base and constant load excepting hot water supply in restroom took 40%, heating including freeze protection took 20%, hot water supply in restroom took 14%, and cooling took 8% in order. (2) In the 2015 total energy consumption in D high school based on primary energy, heating energy takes 28%. The range and limit of energy savings coming from the reinforcement of insulation and window performance could be estimated. (3) To introduce new & renewable energy system in high school, electricity-based system is suitable than heat-based system because usage of electric energy is larger than that of heat energy in high school. (4) Five-year energy consumption unit according to heating degree-day showed a linearly increasing trend, and the coefficient of determination(R2) was 0.9763, which means high correlation.
김재강(Jae-Gang Kim),권오준(Oh-Joon Kwon),이균호(Kyun-Ho Lee),김수겸(Su-Kyum Kim),유명종(Myoung-Jong Yu) 한국항공우주학회 2008 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.36 No.11
인공위성의 추력기에서 발생되는 플룸과 기저면의 상호 작용에 관한 연구를 직접모사법을 사용하여 실시하였다. 질소와 수소 분자의 충돌에 의한 회전-병진 에너지의 교환을 정확하게 모사하기 위하여 최근에 연구 되어진 질소와 수소 분자의 회전 에너지 이완 모델을 사용하였다. 추력기 플룸과 기저면의 상호 작용 해석을 위하여 플룸 분자들의 수밀도 분포와 회전, 병진 온도 분포, 열전달량, 압력 등에 대하여 다양한 운영 조건에 맞추어 해석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 기저면에서는 질소 분자보다 수소 분자의 분포가 매우 큰 것과, 분포하는 대부분의 수소 분자가 회전 에너지에 대해 비평형 상태로 분포 하는 것을 확인 하였다. 이는 수소 분자의 정확한 회전 에너지 이완 모델의 필요성을 보여주고 있는 결과이며, 본 연구의 경우 가장 최근의 수소의 회전 에너지에 관련된 모델을 사용함으로써 플룸과 기저면의 상호 작용 해석에 대한 정확도를 증진 시켰다. The interaction between thrust plume and satellite base region was investigated by using direct simulate Monte-Carlo calculations. For the accurate simulation of N₂ and H₂ collisions and rotation-translation transition, a variable soft-sphere model and a recent rotational relaxation model of N₂ and H₂ were used. For the investigation of the interaction between thrust plume and base region, the number density distribution for each species, translational and rotational temperature distributions, heat flux, and pressure were examined by direct simulation of Monte-Carlo calculations. It was found that most of the surface properties are affected by H₂ collisions and a strong non-equilibrium state is observed at the base region. It was demonstrated that all accurate model is needed to simulate H₂ collisions and the rotation-translation transition. The results by the present calculation are more accurate than previous direct simulation Monte-Carlo calculations because more accurate rotational relaxation models were used in simulating the inelastic collisions.
이도형(Lee, Do-Hyung),윤재성(Yoon, Jae-Sung),윤종호(Yoon, Jong-Ho),백남춘(Baek, Nam-Choon) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.4
This study aims to analyze the use of electrical energy in a Research Building in a university that could contribute to reduction of energy consumption in building. This audit procedure monitors both the electronic system in the basement and measures personal electronic equipment. The electronic consumption turn out to be different in general building. In year 2009, electronic consumption increased because of EHP. This study can be used as a reference for further study on how to reduce energy consumption. Finally, more research and analysis should be performed.
다층 구조 엑스선 센서 기반 기저 물질 분해 영상의 산업적 응용 가능성에 관한 연구
김준우(Junwoo Kim),유승준(Seungjun Yoo),김진우(Jinwoo Kim),김호경(Ho Kyung Kim) 대한기계학회 2021 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.45 No.7
서로 다른 두 에너지로 2회 촬영한 엑스선 영상을 조합하여 특정 물질을 억제 또는 강조하는 이중 에너지 기법을 산업용 비파괴 검사에 적용해 보았다. 본 논문에서는 검사 시간, 엑스선관 부하 등 검사 효율의 개선을 위해 2회 촬영 대신, 두 개의 센서를 포갠 후 1회 촬영으로 이중 에너지 영상을 얻는 방법을 제안하였다. 두 기저 물질의 두께 조합으로 영상을 표현하는 기저 물질 분해 방법을 영상 재구성 알고리즘으로 이용하였으며, 두 기저 물질로 PMMA와 Al을 선정하였다. 직접 제작한 Al, Cu, Au, Pb 등 다양한 금속 물질로 구성된 팬텀을 이용하여 제안한 기법의 성능을 살펴본 결과, 1회 촬영 기법이 기존 2회 촬영 기법에 버금가는 성능을 보여줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. PCB 등 다양한 전자 부품 샘플에 대한 테스트에서도 물질 구분 영상 재구성의 가능성을 확인하였다. 향후 다층 구조 엑스선 검출기의 대면적 제작이 이루어진다면 이중 에너지 물질 영상 재구성을 통해 관심 물질을 특정하여 결함을 보다 쉽고 빠르게 검출할 수 있을 것이다. The potential of dual-energy (DE) x-ray imaging, which is used in various applications from medical imaging to industrial defect inspection, is investigated using laboratory-scale experiments. To reduce the inspection time and large heat-load of the x-ray tube, we propose to use a multi-layered detector to obtain two different energy images at a single exposure, in conjunction with the basis-material decomposition algorithm for a quantitative DE reconstruction. The DE images obtained for the home-made phantom comprising Al, Cu, Au, and Pb sheets using the proposed single-exposure method show that the overall performance of material identification is comparable to that of the conventional dual-exposure method. The demonstration DE images of PCB samples show the feasibility of DE imaging with a multi-layered detector. The proposed method may be preferable when the imaging speed and x-ray tube load are primary concerns in quantitative x-ray inspection systems.
DED 공정을 이용한 SCM440 기저부 위 G6 분말 적층 시 기저부 설계에 따른 열-기계 특성 변화 고찰
양지완(Ji-wan Yang),이광규(Kwang-Kyu Lee),안동규(Dong-Gyu Ahn) 한국기계가공학회 2023 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.22 No.5
The thermo-mechanical behavior of the deposited part by a directed energy deposition (DED) process is greatly dependent on the design of the substrate. The thermal-mechanical behavior significantly affects the quality and the reliability of the fabricated part by the DED process. The aims of the paper is to investigate thermo-mechanical characteristics of the design of the substrate on thermo-mechanical characteristics of G6 deposited part on SCM440 substrate by a DED process using three-dimensional transient and non-linear finite element analysis (FEA). From the results of the FEAs, the effects of the substrate design, including the width, the length and the thickness of the substrate, on heat transfer, deformation and residual stress characteristics of the deposited part were examined. Based on the results of the examination, the methodology to choose a proper design of the substrate was discussed. In addition, an appropriate design of the substrate was proposed from viewpoints of thermal characteristics, deformation behaviors and residual stress distributions.
황지현(JiHyun Hwang),류진(Jin Ru),송두삼(Doosam Song),이태원(Taewon Lee) 대한설비공학회 2017 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.6
This study is a basic study for evaluating building energy consumption level at the operational stage. It is very important that we know energy saving factors and analyze building energy consumption data. The purpose of this study is to derive a power consumption diagnosis chart that can quantitatively analyze and evaluate the collected building energy data of actual buildings. As results, we found that the annual electricity consumption pattern of a building was divided into four areas (Peak Load 1, 2, Base Load 1,2), and several indices for determining energy consumption level is derived for each area. The peak load contribution of a building was calculated as an exponential value at the time of peak load and during the year.