손: 존재를 드러내다

이승희 사단법인 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2024 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.15 No.1

모래놀이치료 현장연구에서 다양한 매체와 이미지들의 상징이 탐색되었으나, 모래놀이 치료를 시작하기 위해 가장 먼저 움직임을 만들어야 하는 ‘손’과 관련된 상징연구는 찾아보기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ‘손’의 상징적 의미를 선행 연구결과들과 문헌들에서 나타난 자료들을 중심으로 탐색하고 정리했다. 우선 생물학적, 심리적, 사회적, 종교적, 예술적 및 문화적 영역에서 ‘손’의 중요성과 상징적 의미를 살펴보았다. 그 후 모래놀이 치료에서 ‘손’의 상징적 의미를 ‘자기’와 ‘세계’ 사이의 연결 맥락에서 탐색하였으며, 모래놀이 치료 그림에서 내담자가 만든 ‘손바닥 도장’의 상징적 의미를 살펴보았다. 본 연구를 통해 모래놀이 치료에서 물질과 정신을 연결하는 매개체인 ‘손’이 모래 위에 손바닥 자국을 만들 때 내담자의 경험이 깊어지고 개성화를 이루는 데 도움이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 본 연구의 결과가 모래 위에서 손이 만들어낸 상징성에 대한 연구에 도움이 되기를 바란다. In the field of sandplay therapy, various symbols related to different media and images have been explored, However, research specifically focused on the symbolism of ‘hands’, which serve as the initiators of the initial movements in sandplay therapy, remains scarce. Thus, this study delves into the symbolic significance of ‘hands’ based on existing research findings and literature. Initially, the research examines the multifaceted significance and symbolic interpretations of ‘hands’ across biological, psychological, social, religious, artistic, and cultural realms. Subsequently, it explores the symbolic relevance of ‘hands’ within the framework of sandplay therapy, particularly in establishing a connection between the ‘self’ and the ‘world’. Furthermore, it investigates the symbolic implications of the ‘handprints’ formed by clients in sandplay therapy sessions. The findings underscore that ‘hands,’ acting as a conduit between the tangible and the spiritual in sandplay therapy, deepen clients’ experiences and foster individuation, particularly through the creation of handprints in the sand. The findings of this study would be expected to contribute to the research on the symbolism created by hands in sand.

집단모래놀이치료가 여자중학생의 자기통제력과 자아정체성 표현에 미치는 효과

서민희,이세화 사단법인 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2024 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 집단모래놀이치료가 여자중학생의 자기통제력과 자아정체성 표현에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 데 있다. 중학생들은 사회화와 다양한 사회적 상황에 대한 적응을 통해 자신의 경계와 역할을 실험하고, 바람직한 사고방식을 습득하면서 정체감을 형성하기 시작한다. 이 과정에서 자기통제력은 중학생들이 다양한 상황에서 적절하게 대응하고 행동할 수 있도록 하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 집단모래놀이치료에 참여한 여자중학생의 행동과 상호작용을 통해 자기통제력 및 자아정체성에 대한 이해를 높이고, 참여자 개인의 독특성을 반영하기 위해 양적연구와 질전 사례연구 방법을 적용하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 집단모래놀이치료가 여자중학생의 자기통제격을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 단순과제선호, 위험추구성, 육체활동선호, 자기중심성 등 자기통제력의 하위영역에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 집단 모래놀이치료 과정에서 연구참여자들의 이야기를 수집하고 분석하여 자아정체성 형성에 대해 공통적으로 표현된 주제들을 확인하였다. 이는 또 다른 ‘나’와 마주함, ‘나’를 촉진하는 보이지 않는 동력, ‘나로서기’를 위한 고군분투, 신성한 ‘나’로 태어남의 4가지 대주제로 분류되었디. 결과적으로 집단모래놀이치료는 연구참여자들에게 신성한 새로운 자아정체성 형성을 경험을 제공하였다. 이를 통해 이전의 ‘나’보다 성숙해지고, 있는 그대로 자신을 드러낼 수 있었으며, 자기통제력을 향상시킬 수 있었다. This study explores the impact of group sandplay therapy on the self-control and ego-identity of female middle school students. During middle school, students begin to form a sense of identity as they experiment with their boundaries and roles through socialization and adaptation to various social situations, and acquire desirable behaviors and ways of thinking. Self-control plays an important role in this process, enabling them to respond and act appropriately in various situations. Therefore, this study utilized quantitative research and qualitative case study methods to develop an understanding of self-control and ego-identity through the behaviors and interactions of middle school girls participating in group sand play therapy, and to reflect the individual uniqueness of each participant. The findings indicate that group sandplay therapy effectively improves self-control among female middle school students. Specifically, it positively influences subfactors of self-control such as simple task preference, risk-taking, physical activity preference, and egocentricity. Additionally, through the collection and analysis of participants’ stories in group sandplay therapy sessions, we identified recurring themes related to ego-identity formation. The four major themes were: facing another “I”, Invisible power that promotes “I”, struggle to “stand as intact I”, and being born as a divine “I”. Ultimately, group sandplay therapy offers participants a sacred and transformative experience. That allowing them to express their true selves, transcend previous limitations, and cultivate improved self-control.

신체와 상징이 모래놀이치료에 반영되는 방식

쥬디 자파코스타 사단법인 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2024 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.15 No.2

본 논문은 역사적으로 C. G. Jung의 이론 이전부터 있었던 인간의 상징, 감각인식, 상상에 관한 상상과정의 초기 예들이 모래놀이치료와 Jung 이론의 시각을 통해 이해될 수 있는 방식을 고찰하였다. 신체와 심혼(psyche)이 분리될 수 없다는 Jung의 전제와 모래놀이치료의 창시자인 Dora Kalff가 제시한 모래놀이치료 과정의 이 측면을 관찰하는 방법을 바탕으로 모래놀이치료의 신체적 경험에 대한 통합적 관점을 제시하고 이에 대한 새로운 이해를 제공하고자 하였다. 또한 임상 장면과 모래놀이치료에서 신체, 상징, 상상이 나타나는 방식과 관계성에 대한 이해를 높여준 저명한 융 분석가인 Erich Neumann과 Marion Woodman의 저술을 논의하였다. 치료의 2인 관계에서 창조되는 관계의 장과 공동전이 및 연결성에 대해 탐색하였다. 신체, 상징, 모래가 모래놀이치료 과정에 영향을 미치는 방식과 변화를 보여주는 사례를 제시하였다. This article looks historically at how imaginative processes that preceded the psychological foundations of C. G. Jung, offered early examples of how symbols, sensory awareness, and imagination in humans might be understood through the lens of Sandplay therapy and Jungian theory. Using the legacy of Jung’s premise that body and psyche are inseparable, and Sandplay Founder Dora Kalff”s observations of how these aspects can be observed in sandplay process, this article invites new understandings of an integrated view of somatic experiences in the sand. Other noted analysts, Erich Neumann, and Marion Woodman are discussed as part of the growing relationship that brought more understanding of how the body, symbol, and imagination appear in both clinical settings and Sandplay therapy. The relational field created in the therapeutic dyad is explored, as well as the co-transference and connections that arise in the work. Zappacosta weaves in case studies that illustrate just how body, symbol, and sand inform and transform Sandplay process.

정서조절의 어려움을 가진 남아의 모래놀이치료 사례

장은경(Eun Kyung Jang) 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2015 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.6 No.2

For this study the researcher conducted sandplay therapy with a client who exhibited passiveaggressive behavior due to his difficulty in emotional regulation. After a total of 34 sessions, the client was better able to regulate and express emotions and his mother developed efficacy in her parenting. His mother had experienced severe anger and depression when she was pregnant with the client. The mother’s depression lasted after childbirth. She did not seem emotionally interactive with the client and only provided basic care for him. The theme of the client’s sandplay mainly dealt with his mother’s anger. Sandplay therapy initially proceeded very slowly, in a passive client’s pattern. As the sandplay therapy progressed, the client’s self and ego became stronger at dealing with anger issues related to his mother. His emotional problems were able to be adjusted.

부모-자녀 및 또래 관계 문제를 가진 아동의 모래놀이치료 사례연구

박윤수(Park, YounSoo) 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2020 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.11 No.2

This study aimed to heal the experience of attachment trauma and promote the self-development and growth of children through sandplay therapy. We conducted 17 sessions over 6 months with a school-age child, and we include 17 sand photos from these sessions. This child had not separated from the mother because of unstable attachment, which delayed their self-development towards autonomy and independence. The child could not express their feelings and intentions voluntarily and had a strong tendency to depend on the mother, which limited the experience of positive communication with other children at school. In improving self-relationships along with self-development while playing with sand, the child improved their ability to form intimate relationships. Through the experience of the relationship with the therapist, the child resolved and adapted to the conflict in their social environment while maintaining stable emotions. As a result, the child showed positive changes in their ability to accept themselves and others, developed emotional regulation, and improved school adaptation.

바위: 개성화 과정에서 출현한 자기(Self)의 상징 : 모래놀이치료과정에서 나타나는 연금술적 변환

안은선(An Eun Sun) 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2021 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.12 No.1

This study investigated the process leading to individuation by examining the symbolism of rocks that emerged from sandplay therapy for a middle-aged woman from the perspective of analytical psychology and alchemy. The rock symbolizes an unchangeable life force, nurturing, recovery, source of living water, grave, and place in contact with spiritual energy. The alchemical process of creating new substances using existing substances proceeds in the order of calcification, dissolution, solidification, sublimation, decay, separation, and unity. In this study, the client expressed her unconscious through the rocks in the sand tray, which corresponded to the calcification of alchemy. Afterwards, the client expressed feelings such as despair and sadness that existed deeply within her, which were linked to the process of dissolution and coagulation of alchemy. Finally, the client could proceed with the process of individuation through self-integration with her shadow by accepting the suppression and wounds of her heart that were suppressed for a long time in consciousness, which is connected with the process of sublimation, corruption, separation, and unity in alchemy. The process of individuation involves completing the true Self by integrating the Self that exists inside the individual. We can integrate these processes through a confrontational dialogue between consciousness and the unconscious through symbols.

융과 종교체험의 중요성: 융 모래놀이치료를 통한 내면체험의 치료적 효과

정병호(Jung, Byungho) 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2020 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.11 No.1

Jung saw religious experiences as the most important human factor and introduced us to the psychological and ontological values of these religious experiences. Jung s profound psychological insights helped religious people take a new perspective on their religious life. This paper focuses on Jung s interest in various religious areas, including understanding of Christianity, the relationship between Christianity and shadow, and the relationship between psychotherapy and religious sanctification. Among the many psychotherapeutic approaches that Jung Psychology utilizes, sand play therapy has been developed based on a deep understanding of the collective unconsciousness and ego conscious development process. Through clinical case study, this researcher analyzed on how sand play therapy affected the client s religious maturation process. As a result, it helps us to experience the symbolically expressed self and to integrate unfulfilled areas, which contributes to the sanctification process and provides insights for us to see life in abundance and depth.

제주의 문(門) ‘정낭’의 상징적 의미에 관한 연구- 모래놀이치료를 중심으로 -

부정민(Jung min Boo) 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2014 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.5 No.2

There is a unique type of gate that is found on Jeju Island callled Jeongnang. A traditional stone or wooden structure, it has a diverse range of symbolic meanings for the islanders as evidenced in the sand-pictures they create. For these people, the rich symbolism of the Jeongnang gate encompasses boundary, protection, consideration, disconnection, attachment, feeling of lack, and harmony. From long time ago, Jeju people made holes ranging from one to five through a wooden pillar (Jeongjumok) or a stone pillar (Jeongjuseok) and transversely placed wooden logs (Jeongnang) into the pillar. This is the unique gate of Jeju called Jeongnang. By placing the bars up or down, the owner indicated whether there was a person or not and also that the owner would come back soon, somewhat late, or very late. This study examined the characteristics of Jeongnang and explored its symbolic meanings. To this end, as a method to explore the characteristics of Jeongnang, this study selected a literature review and at the same time interpreted the symbolic meanings of Jeongnang used in sandplay therapies of Jeju people according to Dora Kalff’s theory and technique of sandplay therapy based on Jung’s analytical psychological theory. It was found that Jeongnang had symbolic meanings of boundary, protection, consideration, disconnection, lingering attachment, feeling of lack, and harmony.

수정의 아름다움을 위한 연마의 불

김지은 사단법인 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2024 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.15 No.1

본 논문은 분석심리학적 관점과 연금술적 이해를 바탕으로, 원질료인 ‘수정’이 '불'을 통해 정제되어 아름다운 결정체로 재탄생하는 과정을 살펴보았다. 먼저, '수정'과 '불'의 상징을 분석하고 모래놀이 치료과정을 연금술적 변환 단계와 비교하여, 변화를 위해 고도의 에너지 마찰을 견디며 인내하는 과정을 탐구하였다. 또한, 연마 과정을 통해 '수정'의 상징은 불완전함에서 아름다움과 완성으로의 변화로 표현되었으며, 이로써 전체 정신의 자기를 발견하였다. 이 연구는 모래놀이 치료의 발달 과정을 깊이 있게 살펴봄으로써, 고통과 괴로움의 근원을 견뎌내는 인내와 노력을 통해 전체 정신의 아름답고 직관적이며 통합된 표현이 얻어진다는 것을 확인하였다. This paper explores how raw materials, particularly ‘crystals, ’ transform through refinement, likened to a ‘fire, ’ leading to their rebirth as exquisite crystalline formations. Drawing from analytical psychology and alchemical principles, it examines the symbolism embedded in this process. Initially, it dissects the concept of the ‘refining fire of crystal’ and analyzes its symbols. Then, it parallels sandplay therapy with stages of alchemical transformation, illustrating the profound experience of enduring friction to foster change and embracing exhaustion for metamorphosis. Through friction and refinement, the symbolic journey of crystals unfolds, symbolizing a shift from imperfection to beauty and wholeness, culminating in the discovery of the self within the psyche. This study provides a thorough look at the developmental path of sandplay therapy, affirming the resilience needed to confront anguish and suffering, leading to a sublime, intuitive, and integrated manifestation of the whole psyche—an embodiment that rewards patience and perseverance.

모의 양육행동과 놀이신념이 자녀의 언어발달에 미치는 영향

박은주,이승희 사단법인 한국임상모래놀이치료학회 2024 상징과 모래놀이치료 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 놀이 신념과 양육 스타일이 영아기 자녀의 언어 발달에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 영아용 순차적 언어 척도(김영태 외, 2003), 부모 양육 스타일 설문지(Bornstein, et al., 1996; 이형민 외, 2008), 그리고 부모 놀이 신념 척도(Fogle, 2003; Lee, 2008)를 사용하여 6개월에서 24개월 사이의 영아기 자녀를 키우는 243명의 어머니로부터 자료를 수집하였고, SPSS V.22.0과 Process Macro를 통해 분석되었다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자녀의 월령, 자녀의 성별, 어머니의 양육행동, 그리고 어머니의 놀이지지 신념은 자녀의 언어발달에 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 어머니의 양육행동이 자녀의 언어발달에 미치는 영향력의 관계에서 어머니의 놀이지지 신념은 유의한 매개효과를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 어머니들이 아동들이 놀이에서 실험하고 탐색할 수 있도록 허용하면서 놀이를 힘께 즐길 수 있을 때 자녀의 언어발달이 더욱 촉진될 수 있음을 시사한다. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of mothers’ beliefs about play and their parenting style on the language development of their children. Data were collected from 243 mothers with children aged between 6 and 24 months using the Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (Kim et al., 2003), the Parental Style Questionnaire (Bornstein et al., 1996: Lee et al., 2008), and the Parent Play Beliefs Scale (Fogle, 2003: Lee, 2008). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0 and Process Macro. The findings can ge summarized as follows: Firstly, children’s monthly age, gender, mothers’ parenting style, and beliefs about play had notable impacts on their children’s language development. Secondly, mothers’ beliefs that support play had significant mediating effects on the developmental levels of their children’s language with the main effects of mothers’ parenting style. The findings suggest that when mothers allow their children to experiment and explore during play, while enjoying play together, and set positive limits, children’s language development can be further facilitated.