해석 (Interpretation)의 문제 : James Joyce의 "Portrait" 에 나타난 Esthetic Distance의 경우

朴巨用 상명대학교 논문집 1984 상명대학교논문집 Vol.13 No.-

Can any interpretation lay definitive claim to correctness? This question has occasioned one of the most important disputes in literary theory over the last several years. Sharp disagreement divides those ,deconstructionists (Including Jacque Derrida, Paul de Man, Geoffrey Hartman, Harold Bloom) who argue the interpretation is limitless under the Nietzsche's contention that there is no truth but only an array of interpretations from those Interpretationists, especially E.D. Hirsch who hold that textual meaning is singular and ultimately discoverable. In this thesis, this conflict is reconsidered through the controversial question about James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man : What is the attitude of James Joyce toward Stephen Dedalus? The assumptions of these attitudes of James Joyce toward Stephen are these: First Joyce sees Stephen as an autobiographical hero; Second Joyce sees Stephen as an autobiographical representation of the author, a "portrait of the artist" drawn "as a young Man" by an old man; Third, Joyce sees Stephen as a mere created character or Joyce's view of his own past in Stephen is mixed, both ironic and romantic or sympathetic. As the interpretations of Joyce's attitudes toward Stephen have shown, the conflict between the deconstructionists and the interpretationsits can be solved only partially by charting a middle way between them reasonably.

언어로 그린 묵시록 : West의 The Day of The Locust 연구 Study on West's The Day of The Locust

朴巨用 상명대학교 논문집 1985 상명대학교논문집 Vol.15 No.-

Nathanael West is a curious and unclassifiable writer. He repudiated didactic or radical social realism but focused on sociological themes, dismissed psychological novels, but was an acute literary psychologist, laughed at art but was a conscious and dedicated artist. The aims of this thesis is to emphasize the social aspects of West's The Day of The Locust and to elucidate the role of Tod as the observer-painter and to explore the theme of this novel, especially the collective disasters of consciousness of our modern man through the analysis of Homer's behavior. This thesis is divided into four parts: Ch. Ⅱ-1 is about the cheaters and their world as the background of this novel; Ch. Ⅱ-2 deals with Homer as the typical character of the cheated; Ch. Ⅱ-3 explores the interrelationship between the cheaters and the cheated, caused from their maddening dances and parties; Ch. Ⅱ-4 explicates the end of their actions through the apocalyptic vision of Tod.

소설시학과 그 문제점

박거용 상명대학교 논문집 1988 상명대학교논문집 Vol.21 No.-

The present state of Poetics of fiction involves the lapsing of the attempt by "eclectic humanities" to forge a poetics of fiction and the emergence and flouring in more recent years of a new "anti-poetics" movement among semioticians and post-structuralists. The conversion of "works" into "texts" the rejection of mimetic assumptions about fictions, the displacement of authors and readers as possible authorities for interpretations, and the replacement of "readings" themselves with semiotic analysis of intertextual codes, are among the more prominent doctrinal emphases of the new movement. In this context, this thesis discussed the concept and history of poetics. And then it deals the eclectic humanities' poetics of fiction with the critical attitude. Their poetics is primarily based on the pedagogical assumptions ,which is the critical object of the post-structuralists. After explaining the limitations and possibilities of Robert Scholes' model theory, this thesis provides the perspectives for the future state of Poetics of fiction.

마르크스주의와 문학이론들

朴巨用 상명대학교 논문집 1987 상명대학교논문집 Vol.19 No.-

Marxist approaches to literature occupy a wide field. Marxism is a theory of economics, history, society and revolution before it has anything to do with literary theory. In this thesis, some Marxist concepts are explained briefly in order to understand their relationship with literary theories such as dialectial, base and superstructure, and ideology first of all. With these concepts, the brief history of English and American Marxist literary critics is tried. In the United States, one can speak of a whole Marxist movement during the depression of the thirties, and in England there was a brief flurry of Marxist criticism just before the outbreak of the Second World War. Recently Marxists in their polemics against post-structuralism and the other modern literary theories can easily score points against the denial of reality and history in American Criticism. In England also a new Marxist literary theory offered the only alternative against the allurements of recent French criticism. Finally, five models which became apparent in these days [The reflection model (Lu-ka´cs), the production model (Macherey), the genetic model (Goldmann), the negative knowledge model (the Frankfurt school), Language-centered model (Bakhtin)] are explained roughly according to their own characteristics.

Performance-based design of concrete structures: durability aspects

Bretislav Teplý,,Dita Vorechovská,Zbynek Keršner 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.35 No.4

Pigment-Cellulose Nanofibril Composite and Its Application as a Separator-Substrate in Printed Supercapacitors

Katariina Torvinen,Suvi Lehtimäki,Janne T. Keränen,Jenni Sievänen,Jari Vartiainen,Erkki Hellén,Donald Lupo,Sampo Tuukkanen 대한금속·재료학회 2015 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.11 No.6

Pigment-cellulose nanofibril (PCN) composites were manufactured in a pilot line and used as a separator-substrate in printed graphene and carbon nanotube supercapacitors. The composites consisted typically of 80% pigment and 20% cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). This composition makes them a cost-effective alternative as a substrate for printed electronics at high temperatures that only very special plastic films can nowadays stand. The properties of these substrates can be varied within a relatively large range by the selection of raw materials and their relative proportions. A semiindustrial scale pilot line was successfully used to produce smooth, flexible, and nanoporous composites, and their performance was tested in a double functional separator-substrate element in supercapacitors. The nanostructural carbon films printed on the composite worked simultaneously as high surface area active electrodes and current collectors. Low-cost supercapacitors made from environmentally friendly materials have significant potential for use in flexible, wearable, and disposable low-end products.

Managing Deep Postanal Space Sepsis via an Intersphincteric Approach: Our Early Experience

Ker-Kan Tan,Dean C. Koh,Charles B. Tsang 대한대장항문학회 2013 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.29 No.2

Purpose: Managing deep postanal (DPA) sepsis often involves multiple procedures over a long time. An intersphincteric approach allows adequate drainage to be performed while tackling the primary pathology at the same sitting. The aim of our study was to evaluate this novel technique in managing DPA sepsis. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who underwent this intersphincteric technique in managing DPA sepsis from February 2008 to October 2010 was performed. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon. Results: Seventeen patients with a median age of 43 years (range, 32 to 71 years) and comprised of 94.1% (n = 16) males formed the study group. In all patients, an internal opening in the posterior midline with a tract leading to the deep postanal space was identified. This intersphincteric approach operation was adopted as the primary procedure in 12 patients (70.6%) and was successful in 11 (91.7%). In the only failure, the sepsis recurred, and a successful advancement flap procedure was eventually performed. Five other patients (29.4%) underwent this same procedure as a secondary procedure after an initial drainage operation. Only one was successful. In the remaining four patients, one had a recurrent abscess that required drainage while the other three patients had a tract between the internal opening and the intersphincteric incision. They subsequently underwent a drainage procedure with seton insertion and advancement flap procedures. Conclusion: Managing DPA space sepsis via an intersphincteric approach is successful in 70.6% of patients. This single-staged technique allows for effective drainage of the sepsis and removal of the primary pathology in the intersphincteric space.

The Safety and Efficacy of Mesenteric Embolization in the Management of Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage

Ker-Kan Tan,David Hugh Strong,Timothy Shore,Mohammmad Rafei Ahmad,Richard Waugh,Christopher John Young 대한대장항문학회 2013 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.29 No.5

Purpose: Mesenteric embolization is an integral part in the management of acute lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The aim of this study was to highlight our experience after adopting mesenteric embolization in the management of acute lower GI hemorrhage. Methods: A retrospective review of all cases of mesenteric embolization for acute lower GI bleeding from October 2007 to August 2012 was performed. Results: Twenty-seven patients with a median age of 73 years (range, 31 to 86 years) formed the study group. More than half (n = 16, 59.3%) of the patients were on either antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy. The underlying etiology included diverticular disease (n = 9), neoplasms (n = 5) and postprocedural complications (n = 6). The colon was the most common bleeding site and was seen in 21 patients (left, 10; right, 11). The median hemoglobin prior to the embolization was 8.6 g/dL (6.1 to 12.6 g/dL). A 100% technical success rate with immediate cessation of hemorrhage at the end of the session was achieved. There were three clinical failures (11.1%) in our series. Two patients re-bled, and both underwent a successful repeat embolization. The only patient who developed an infarcted bowel following embolization underwent an emergency operation and died one week later. There were no factors that predicted clinical failure. Conclusion: Mesenteric embolization for acute lower GI bleeding can be safely performed and is associated with a high clinical success rate in most patients. A repeat embolization can be considered in selected cases, but postembolization ischemia is associated with bad outcomes.

Characterization of exopolysaccharide-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk and their application in low-fat fermented milk

Ng Ker-Sin,Chang Yu-Chun,Chen Yen-Po,Lo Ya-Hsuan,Wang Sheng-Yao,Chen Ming-Ju 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk (TRFM) for developing a clean label low-fat fermented milk. Methods: Potential isolates from TRFM were selected based on the Gram staining test and observation of turbid suspension in the culture broth. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and API CHL 50 test were used for strain identification. After evaluation of EPS concentration, target strains were introduced to low-fat milk fermentation for 24 h. Fermentation characters were checked: pH value, acidity, viable count, syneresis, and viscosity. Sensory evaluation of fermented products was carried out by 30 volunteers, while the storage test was performed for 21 days at 4°C. Results: Two EPS-producing strains (APL15 and APL16) were isolated from TRFM and identified as Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis subsp. cremoris. Their EPS concentrations in glucose and lactose media were higher than other published strains of Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris. Low-fat fermented milk separately prepared with APL15 and APL16 reached pH 4.3 and acidity 0.8% with a viable count of 9 log colony-forming units/mL. The physical properties of both products were superior to the control yogurt, showing significant improvements in syneresis and viscosity (p<0.05). Our low-fat products had appropriate sensory scores in appearance and texture according to sensory evaluation. Although decreasing viable cells of strains during the 21-day storage test, low-fat fermented milk made by APL15 exhibited stable physicochemical properties, including pH value, acidity, syneresis and sufficient viable cells throughout the storage period. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris APL15 isolated from TRFM had good fermentation abilities to produce low-fat fermented milk. These data indicate that EPS-producing lactic acid bacteria have great potential to act as natural food stabilizers for low-fat fermented milk. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk (TRFM) for developing a clean label low-fat fermented milk.Methods: Potential isolates from TRFM were selected based on the Gram staining test and observation of turbid suspension in the culture broth. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and API CHL 50 test were used for strain identification. After evaluation of EPS concentration, target strains were introduced to low-fat milk fermentation for 24 h. Fermentation characters were checked: pH value, acidity, viable count, syneresis, and viscosity. Sensory evaluation of fermented products was carried out by 30 volunteers, while the storage test was performed for 21 days at 4°C.Results: Two EPS-producing strains (APL15 and APL16) were isolated from TRFM and identified as Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis subsp. cremoris. Their EPS concentrations in glucose and lactose media were higher than other published strains of Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris. Low-fat fermented milk separately prepared with APL15 and APL16 reached pH 4.3 and acidity 0.8% with a viable count of 9 log colony-forming units/mL. The physical properties of both products were superior to the control yogurt, showing significant improvements in syneresis and viscosity (p<0.05). Our low-fat products had appropriate sensory scores in appearance and texture according to sensory evaluation. Although decreasing viable cells of strains during the 21-day storage test, low-fat fermented milk made by APL15 exhibited stable physicochemical properties, including pH value, acidity, syneresis and sufficient viable cells throughout the storage period.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris APL15 isolated from TRFM had good fermentation abilities to produce low-fat fermented milk. These data indicate that EPS-producing lactic acid bacteria have great potential to act as natural food stabilizers for low-fat fermented milk.

필자약력

김경이(Ker Yi Jing),예세웅(Shixiong Ni),박종성(Chong Sung Park),임벽소(Bih Jaw Lin),임추산(Chiou Shan Lin),송국성(Guo Cheng Suong),정단약(Y. Cheng Tuan),조현동(Hyun Dong Cho),한종만(Jong Man Han),홍민식(Min Shik Hong) 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 1992 중소연구 Vol.16 No.2