Long-term Bias of Internal Markers in Sheep and Goat Digestion Trials

De Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto,Garcia, Rasmo,Vieira Pires, Aureliano Jose,Silva, Roberio Rodrigues,Detmann, Edenio,Oliveira, Ronaldo Lopes,Ribeiro, Leandro Sampaio Oliveira Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.1

Two digestion trials, one with sheep and another with goats, were conducted to evaluate the long-term bias (LTB) of the indigestible dry matter (iDM), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) and indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF) internal markers. The study used eight Santa In$\hat{e}$s castrated male sheep (average body weight of 16.6 kg) distributed in two $4{\times}4$ Latin squares and eight Saanen castrated male goats (average body weight of 22.6 kg) distributed in two $4{\times}4$ Latin squares. The experiments were conducted simultaneously, and the animals were housed in 1.2 $m^2$ individual pens with wood-battened floors equipped with individual feeders and drinkers. The animals received isonitrogenous diets that were offered ad libitum and contained 14% crude protein and 70% sugar cane (with 0, 0.75, 1.5 or 2.25% CaO, in natural matter percentage), corrected with 1% urea and 30% concentrate. The experiment consisted of four experimental periods of 14 d each, with the feed, leftovers and feces sampled on the last four days of each period. The marker concentrations in the feed, leftovers and fecal samples were estimated by an in situ ruminal incubation procedure with a duration 240 h. The relationship between the intake and excretion of the markers was obtained by adjusting a simple linear regression model, independently from the treatment (diets) fixed effects and Latin squares. For both the sheep and goats, a complete recovery of the iDM and iNDF markers was observed (p>0.05), indicating the absence of LTB for these markers. However, the iADF was not completely recovered, exhibiting an LTB of -9.12% (p<0.05) in the sheep evaluation and -3.02% (p<0.05) in the goat evaluation.

Influence of tooth position within the field of view on the intensity of cone-beam computed tomographic imaging artifacts when assessing teeth restored with various intracanal materials

de Oliveira Pinto, Martina Gerlane,Melo, Saulo Leonardo Sousa,Cavalcanti, Yuri Wanderley,de Lima, Elisa Diniz,Bento, Patricia Meira,de Melo, Daniela Pita Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2020 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.50 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to quantify the influence of tooth position within the field-of-view (FOV) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging artifacts' intensity when assessing teeth restored with various intracanal materials. Materials and Methods: Seventy single-rooted teeth were divided into 7 groups (10 teeth per group): NiCr post (NC), AgPd post (AP), metal core fiberglass post (MCFG), fiberglass post (FG), anatomical fiberglass post (AFG), fiberglass post cemented with core build-up cement (FGCo), and anatomical fiberglass post cemented with core build-up cement (AFGCo). All posts were cemented using a regular dual-curing resin cement (Allcem), except FGCo and AFGCo which were cemented with a core build-up dual-curing resin cement (AllcemCore). Each tooth was scanned on a CS9000 in 5 positions within the FOV: a central position, anterior horizontal peripheral, peripheral superior, peripheral inferior, and posterior horizontal peripheral position. Hyperdense, hypodense, remaining teeth areas and ROI areas were quantitatively analyzed using ImageJ software. Results: Posterior horizontal peripheral position increased the intensity of artifacts on FGCo and AFGCo post groups (P<0.05), and specifically the hypodense artifact intensity on FG and AFG post groups (P<0.05). NC and AP groups presented greater intensity of artifacts than any other post groups(P<0.05). Conclusion: Artifact intensity increases in the presence of high atomic number materials and when the object is not centered within the FOV. The impact of positioning within the FOV on artifact was greater for fiberglass posts cemented with core build-up dual-curing cement than for metal posts and fiberglass posts cemented with regular dual-curing cement.

Evaluation In Vitro of Toxicity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves and Roots from Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius)

Patrícia Martinez-Oliveira,Luísa Zuravski,Micaela Federizzi de Oliveira,Deise Jaqueline Ströher,Ritiéle Pinto Coelho,Bruna Cocco Pilar,Luís Flávio Souza de Oliveira,Jacqueline da Costa Escobar Piccoli 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.6

Yacon is an Andean plant that has been used in folk medicine for its medicinal properties. The beneficial effects of this plant are possibly due to the high content of phenolic compounds present in its leaves and roots. This study evaluated the in vitro toxicity of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves and roots from yacon (1, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL) through cell viability tests, genotoxic and mutagenic activity in leukocytes culture cells; and cytotoxicity and apoptosis cell death (1, 10, 50, 100, and 500 μg/mL) in cell line originally established from the primary mouse embryonic fibroblast cells that were cultured by the designated protocol, so-called 3T3 protocol “3-day transfer, inoculum 3 × 105 cells” (3T3 cell line). No mutagenic and cytotoxic activities were observed in leukocyte cultures. Cytotoxic activity was evidenced in the highest concentrations of yacon leaf extract (50 and 100 μg/mL), whereas all concentrations tested with yacon leaf extract there was induction for apoptosis in the 3T3 cells. Genotoxic potential was observed only at higher doses of leaf (50 and 100 μg/mL) and root (100 μg/mL) extract. These results suggest that yacon leaf at high concentrations may present toxic potential showing concentration-dependent behavior; however, in vivo studies should be performed to validate these results.

Influence of tooth position within the field of view on the intensity of cone-beam computed tomographic imaging artifacts when assessing teeth restored with various intracanal materials

Martina Gerlane de Oliveira Pinto,Saulo Leonardo Sousa Melo,Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti,Elisa Diniz de Lima,Patrícia Meira Bento,Daniela Pita de Melo 대한영상치의학회 2020 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.50 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to quantify the influence of tooth position within the field-of-view (FOV) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging artifacts’ intensity when assessing teeth restored with various intracanal materials. Materials and Methods: Seventy single-rooted teeth were divided into 7 groups (10 teeth per group): NiCr post (NC), AgPd post (AP), metal core fiberglass post (MCFG), fiberglass post (FG), anatomical fiberglass post (AFG), fiberglass post cemented with core build-up cement (FGCo), and anatomical fiberglass post cemented with core build-up cement (AFGCo). All posts were cemented using a regular dual-curing resin cement (Allcem), except FGCo and AFGCo which were cemented with a core build-up dual-curing resin cement (AllcemCore). Each tooth was scanned on a CS9000 in 5 positions within the FOV: a central position, anterior horizontal peripheral, peripheral superior, peripheral inferior, and posterior horizontal peripheral position. Hyperdense, hypodense, remaining teeth areas and ROI areas were quantitatively analyzed using ImageJ software. Results: Posterior horizontal peripheral position increased the intensity of artifacts on FGCo and AFGCo post groups (P<0.05), and specifically the hypodense artifact intensity on FG and AFG post groups (P<0.05). NC and AP groups presented greater intensity of artifacts than any other post groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Artifact intensity increases in the presence of high atomic number materials and when the object is not centered within the FOV. The impact of positioning within the FOV on artifact was greater for fiberglass posts cemented with core build-up dual-curing cement than for metal posts and fiberglass posts cemented with regular dual-curing cement.

Clinical and radiographic characteristics of pycnodysostosis: A systematic review

Goes Gonzaga Amanda Katarinny,de Oliveira Costa Carla Samily,de Farias Morais Hannah Gil,da Fonseca Neto Braz,Pinto Leão Pereira,Maciel Dantas Wagner Ranier,de Oliveira Patricia Teixeira,de Melo Danie 대한영상치의학회 2024 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.54 No.1

Purpose: Pycnodysostosis (PYCD), an autosomal recessive syndrome, is characterized by an imbalance in bone remodeling that produces various clinical and radiographic craniofacial manifestations. This review represents a systematic examination of these manifestations, as well as oral features associated with PYCD. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted across 8 databases from February to March 2023. The search strategy focused on studies reporting cases of PYCD that examined the clinical and radiographic craniofacial and oral characteristics associated with this syndrome. Results: The review included 84 studies, encompassing a total of 179 cases of PYCD. More than half of the patients were female (55.3%), and the mean age was 14.7 years. Parental consanguinity was reported in 51.4% of the cases. The most common craniofacial clinical manifestation was a prominent nose, observed in 57.5% of cases. Radiographically, the most frequently reported craniofacial characteristics included the presence of an obtuse mandibular angle (84.3%) and frontal cranial bosses (82.1%). Clinical and radiographic examinations revealed oral alterations, with micrognathia present in 62.6% of patients and malocclusion in 59.2%. Among dental anomalies, tooth agenesis was the most commonly reported, affecting 15.6% of patients. Conclusion: Understanding the clinical and radiographic craniofacial features of PYCD is crucial for dental professionals. This knowledge enables these clinicians to devise effective treatment plans and improve patient quality of life.

Quantitative assessment of image artifacts from root filling materials on CBCT scans made using several exposure parameters

Rabelo, Katharina Alves,Cavalcanti, Yuri Wanderley,de Oliveira Pinto, Martina Gerlane,Melo, Saulo Leonardo Sousa,Campos, Paulo Sergio Flores,de Andrade Freitas Oliveira, Luciana Soares,de Melo, Daniel Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2017 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.47 No.3

Purpose: To quantify artifacts from different root filling materials in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired using different exposure parameters. Materials and Methods: Fifteen single-rooted teeth were scanned using 8 different exposure protocols with 3 different filling materials and once without filling material as a control group. Artifact quantification was performed by a trained observer who made measurements in the central axial slice of all acquired images in a fixed region of interest using ImageJ. Hyperdense artifacts, hypodense artifacts, and the remaining tooth area were identified, and the percentages of hyperdense and hypodense artifacts, remaining tooth area, and tooth area affected by the artifacts were calculated. Artifacts were analyzed qualitatively by 2 observers using the following scores: absence (0), moderate presence (1), and high presence (2) for hypodense halos, hypodense lines, and hyperdense lines. Two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test were used for quantitative and qualitative artifact analysis. The Dunnet test was also used for qualitative analysis. The significance level was set at P<.05. Results: There were no significant interactions among the exposure parameters in the quantitative or qualitative analysis. Significant differences were observed among the studied filling materials in all quantitative analyses. In the qualitative analyses, all materials differed from the control group in terms of hypodense and hyperdense lines (P<.05). Fiberglass posts did not differ statistically from the control group in terms of hypodense halos(P>.05). Conclusion: Different exposure parameters did not affect the objective or subjective observations of artifacts in CBCT images; however, the filling materials used in endodontic restorations did affect both types of assessments.

Quantitative assessment of image artifacts from root filling materials on CBCT scans made using several exposure parameters

Katharina Alves Rabelo,Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti,Martina Gerlane de Oliveira Pinto,Saulo Leonardo Sousa Melo,Paulo Sérgio Flores Campos,Luciana Soares de Andrade Freitas Oliveira,Daniela Pita de Melo 대한영상치의학회 2017 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.47 No.3

Purpose: To quantify artifacts from different root filling materials in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired using different exposure parameters. Materials and Methods: Fifteen single-rooted teeth were scanned using 8 different exposure protocols with 3 different filling materials and once without filling material as a control group. Artifact quantification was performed by a trained observer who made measurements in the central axial slice of all acquired images in a fixed region of interest using ImageJ. Hyperdense artifacts, hypodense artifacts, and the remaining tooth area were identified, and the percentages of hyperdense and hypodense artifacts, remaining tooth area, and tooth area affected by the artifacts were calculated. Artifacts were analyzed qualitatively by 2 observers using the following scores: absence (0), moderate presence (1), and high presence (2) for hypodense halos, hypodense lines, and hyperdense lines. Two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test were used for quantitative and qualitative artifact analysis. The Dunnet test was also used for qualitative analysis. The significance level was set at P<.05. Results: There were no significant interactions among the exposure parameters in the quantitative or qualitative analysis. Significant differences were observed among the studied filling materials in all quantitative analyses. In the qualitative analyses, all materials differed from the control group in terms of hypodense and hyperdense lines (P<.05). Fiberglass posts did not differ statistically from the control group in terms of hypodense halos (P>.05). Conclusion: Different exposure parameters did not affect the objective or subjective observations of artifacts in CBCT images; however, the filling materials used in endodontic restorations did affect both types of assessments.

Influence of category−heifers, primiparous and multiparous lactating cows−in a large-scale resynchronization fixed-time artificial insemination program

Márcio de Oliveira Marques,Fábio Morotti,Camila Bizarro da Silva,Mario Ribeiro Júnior,Rubens César Pinto da Silva,Pietro Sampaio Baruselli,Marcelo Marcondes Seneda 대한수의학회 2015 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.16 No.3

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of category (heifers, primiparous or multiparous cows) on pregnancy rates in a large scaleresynchronization ovulation program. Nelore heifers (n = 903), primiparous lactating cows (n = 338) and multiparous lactating cows (n =1,223) were synchronized using a conventional protocol of estradiol/P4-based fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Thirty days afterultrasonography, females who failed the first FTAI were resynchronized with the same hormonal protocol prior to a second FTAI. Thepregnancy status of each cohort was evaluated by ultrasonography 30 days after each FTAI. The average conception rate after the first FTAIand resynchronization was 80.5%. Heifers had a higher conception rate (85%) than primiparous (76%) or multiparous cows (78%; p = 0.0001). The conception rate after the first FTAI was similar among heifers (57%), primiparous cows (51%) and multiparous cows (56%; p = 0.193). After the second FTAI, heifers exhibited a higher conception rate (66%) than primiparous or multiparous cows (51%; p = 0.0001). These resultsdemonstrate the feasibility of resynchronization in large beef herds for providing consistent pregnancy rates in a short period of time. We alsodemonstrated that ovulation resynchronization 30 days after FTAI is particularly effective for heifers, providing a conception rate of up to66%.

Genetic and biochemical evidence for redundant pathways leading to mycosporine-like amino acid biosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae ITEP-024

Geraldes, Vanessa,de Medeiros, Livia Soman,Lima, Stella T.,Alvarenga, Danillo Oliveira,Gacesa, Ranko,Long, Paul F.,Fiore, Marli Fatima,Pinto, Ernani The Korean Society of Phycology 2020 ALGAE Vol.35 No.2

Cyanobacteria have been widely reported to produce a variety of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). Herein, we reported production of the unusual MAA, mycosporine-glycine-alanine (MGA) in the cyanobacterium Sphaerospermopsis torques-reginae ITEP-024 using a newly developed UHPLC-DAD-MS/HRMS (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry) method. MGA had previously been first identified in a red-algae, but S. torques-reginae strain ITEP-024 is the first cyanobacteria to be reported as an MGA producer. Herein, the chemical structure of MGA is fully elucidated from one-dimensional / two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and HRMS data analyses. MAAs are unusually produced constitutively in S. torques-reginae ITEP-024, and this production was further enhanced following UV-irradiance. It has been proposed that MAA biosynthesis proceeds in cyanobacteria from the pentose phosphate pathway intermediate sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. Annotation of a gene cluster encoded in the genome sequence of S. torques-reginae ITEP-024 supports these gene products could catalyse the biosynthesis of MAAs. However, addition of glyphosate to cultures of S. torques-reginae ITEP-024 abolished constitutive and ultra-violet radiation induced production of MGA, shinorine and porphyra-334. This finding supports involvement of the shikimic acid pathway in the biosynthesis of MAAs by this species.

Radiographic and computed tomography monitoring of a fractured needle fragment in the mandibular branch

Maria Isabel de Oliveira e Britto Villalobos,Thaisa Cristina Gomes Ferreira Leite,Samila Gonçalves Barra,Daniela Teresa Pinto da Cunha Werneche,Flavio Ricardo Manzi,Claudia Assunção e Alves Cardoso 대한영상치의학회 2017 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.47 No.1

Some complications can arise with the usage of local anesthesia for dental procedures, including the fracture of needles in the patient. This is a rare incident, usually caused by the patient’s sudden movements during anesthetic block. Its complications are not common, but can include pain, trismus, inflammation in the region, difficulty in swallowing, and migration of the object, which is the least common but has the ability to cause more serious damage to the patient. This report describes a case in which, after the fracture of the anesthetic needle used during alveolar nerve block for exodontia of the left mandibular third molar, the fragment moved significantly in the first 2 months, before stabilizing after the third month of radiographic monitoring.