Moving Beyond a Missional Crisis of Credibility by Differentiating Between Church and Ecclesia

Jan Mathys De Beer 한국선교신학회 2020 선교신학 Vol.59 No.-

본 연구는 현대 교회의 모습이 성경의 에클레시아와 다르다는 전제를 갖고 시작한다. 교회 내의 여러 위기는 기독교 신앙에 대한 신뢰의 선교적 위기로 분석되고 표현된다. 이러한 위기를 극복하기 위해서 “교회”를 신약 성경 에클레시아의 번역으로 사용할 수 있는지를 질문할 필요가 있다. 모순과 시대착오의 이유로 성경에서 “교회”를 타당한 번역으로 볼 수 있는지 의문이 제기된다. 에클레시아와 까할(qahal)의 더 올바른 번역인 “집회”를 사용하는 것이 성경의 에클레시아와 현대 교회를 구분하기 위한 방법으로 제안되기도 한다. 이러한 차별화의 의미는 현재의 선교학에 대해, 그리고 신뢰성의 선교적 위기에 대한 해결책으로 논의된다. This study departs from the premise that the modern church is different from the biblical ecclesia. Different crises in the church are analyzed and described as a missional crisis of credibility for the Christian faith. In search of a way out of this crisis, the question is asked whether it is desirable to use “church” as a translation of the New Testament word ecclesia (ἐκκλησία). On the grounds of inconsistency and anachronism, the validity of “church” as a translation in the Bible is questioned. The usage of “assembly” as a more appropriate alternative translation of ecclesia and qahal in the Bible is proposed as a way to differentiate between the biblical ecclesia and the contemporary church. The implications of this differentiation are discussed for the current missiology and as a possible solution to the missional crisis of credibility.

Participating in the Missio Dei - A Missional Focus on the Form, Functioning, and Purpose of the Ecclesia

Jan Mathys De Beer 한국선교신학회 2019 선교신학 Vol.56 No.-

에클레시아[ecclesia (ἐκκλησία)]의 성경적 개념과 오늘날 현대교회 의 차이를 다루는 교회 문헌의 세 가지 경향을 밝힌 연구에 기초하여, 본 연구는 교회가 성경적 에클레시아와 약간 다른 조직이라는 것을 인정하는 네번째 접근을 취하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 성경적 에클레시아의 형태, 기능, 목적을 탐구하기 위해 신약의 에클레시아를 분석하고 구약의 카할 [qahal ( קה ל )]과 연결한다. 천국과 그 계시에 연결되어 성령의 인도 하에 이 땅에서 사는 것뿐 아니라 예루살렘과 유다의 한계를 넘는 에클레시아의 팽창을 조사한다. 에클레시아에 적용되는 성전, 몸, 신부의 비유뿐만 아니라, 성경적 에클레시아의 단일성과 다양성을 관찰하고 논의한다. 본 연구의 결론은 남한과 북한의 선교적 관계와 아시아의 다른 현대적 접근을 참고하여 논의된다. Based on research that has shown three trends in church literature to deal with differences between the biblical concept of ecclesia (ἐκκλησία) and the modern church today, this study takes up a fourth approach, namely to acknowledge that the church is a rather different institution from the biblical ecclesia. The biblical ecclesia is analysed and connected with the Old Testament qahal ( קהל ) in order to explore its form, functioning, and purpose. The following aspects of ecclesia are discussed: 1) its expansion beyond the limits of Jerusalem and Judea, 2) living under guidance of the Spirit, 3) connected with the heavens and its revelation, 4) its unity and diversity, and 5) its metaphors of temple, body, and bride/wife. The study concludes with a brief remark in the Korean and Asian missional context.

A Conceptual Framework to Measure Missio Dei as Spirituality During COVID-19 Lockdowns, Isolation and Quarantine

Jan Mathys De Beer 한국선교신학회 2021 선교신학 Vol.62 No.-

본 연구는 다음 두 가지 목표를 가진다. 첫째, 미시오 데이(missio Dei)를 신자들의 삶에서 경험하는 영성으로 측정하는 개념적 틀을 구상하는 것이다. 둘째, 이 틀을 바탕으로 영성을 양적으로 또한 질적으로 조사할 수 있는 설문지를 만드는 것이다. 이 연구는 미시오 데이(missio Dei)와 사람들의 영적 경험 간의 관계를 살펴보는 문헌 조사를 시작으로 수행된다. 그 다음에는 미시오 데이(missio Dei)를 주관적 영성 경험으로 측정할 수 있는 틀을 구상하고, 윤리적 고려사항에 대한 권고와 2020-2021년 봉쇄, 고립, 격리 기간에 사람들의 영성을 측정한 설문 조사 결과의 데이터 분석으로 마무리된다. 본 연구는 미시오 데이(missio Dei)를 영적 양과 질로 측정할 수 있는 개념적 틀을 고안하여 미래 연구 설계의 기반으로 사용된다는데 큰 의의를 가진다. This study aims to achieve two main goals: firstly, develop a conceptual framework to measure missio Dei as experienced spirituality in people’s lives; secondly, create survey questions, based on this framework, within which spirituality can be surveyed quantitatively and qualitatively. The discussion starts with a literature study to find connections between missio Dei and people’s spiritual experiences, then develops a framework within which missio Dei can be measured as a subjective experience of spirituality, and ends with recommendations for ethical considerations and the data analysis of the responses from a survey to measure spirituality of people during the lockdown, isolation, and quarantine periods of 2020-2021. The novel contribution of this study is to provide a conceptual framework to measure missio Dei as spirituality quantitatively and qualitatively, to be used as the basis of a research design for future research.

The α-element knee of the Sagittarius stream

de Boer, T. J.,Belokurov, V.,Beers, T. C.,Lee, Y. S. Oxford University Press 2014 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.443 No.1

New results on mesonic weak decay of <i>p</i>-shell <i>Λ</i>-hypernuclei

Agnello, M.,Andronenkov, A.,Beer, G.,Benussi, L.,Bertani, M.,Bhang, H.C.,Bonomi, G.,Botta, E.,Bregant, M.,Bressani, T.,Bufalino, S.,Busso, L.,Calvo, D.,Camerini, P.,Dalena, B.,De Mori, F.,D'Erasmo, G. Elsevier 2009 Physics letters: B Vol.681 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The FINUDA experiment performed a systematic study of the charged mesonic weak decay channel of <I>p</I>-shell <I>Λ</I>-hypernuclei. Negatively charged pion spectra from mesonic decay were measured with magnetic analysis for the first time for <SUP>7</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>Li, <SUP>9</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>Be, <SUP>11</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>B and <SUP>15</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>N. The shape of the <SUP>π−</SUP> spectra was interpreted through a comparison with pion distorted wave calculations that take into account the structure of both hypernucleus and daughter nucleus. Branching ratios <SUB>Γ<SUP>π−</SUP></SUB>/<SUB>Γtot</SUB> were derived from the measured spectra and converted to <SUP>π−</SUP> decay rates <SUB>Γ<SUP>π−</SUP></SUB> by means of known or extrapolated total decay widths <SUB>Γtot</SUB> of <I>p</I>-shell <I>Λ</I>-hypernuclei. Based on these measurements, the spin-parity assignment 1/<SUP>2+</SUP> for <SUP>7</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>Li and 5/<SUP>2+</SUP> for <SUP>11</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>B ground-state are confirmed and a spin-parity 3/<SUP>2+</SUP> for <SUP>15</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>N ground-state is assigned for the first time.</P>

Tide-driven deep pore-water flow in intertidal sand flats

Roy, H.,Lee, J.S.,Jansen, S.,de Beer, D. LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY 2008 Limnology and oceanography Vol.53 No.4

Correspondence on Should the Ravitch Procedure to Correct Pectus Excavatum Be Avoided in Young Children?

Miguel Lia Tedde,Sjoerd A. de Beer 대한심장혈관흉부외과학회 2022 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.55 No.3

Routine 6-Week Outpatient Radiography and Visit in Patients with Conservatively Treated Multiple Rib Fractures: Valuable or a Waste of Resources?

Felix Peuker,Thomas Philip Bosch,Roderick Marijn Houwert,Ruben Joost Hoepelman,Menco Johannes Sophius Niemeyer,Mark van Baal,Fabrizio Minervini,Frank Johannes Paulus Beeres,Bryan Joost Marinus van de 대한심장혈관흉부외과학회 2024 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.57 No.5

Background: This study investigated the incidence and clinical consequences of abnormal radiological and clinical findings during routinely performed 6-week outpatient visits in patients treated conservatively for multiple (3 or more) rib fractures. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted among patients with multiple rib fractures treated conservatively between 2018 and 2021 (Opvent database). The primary outcome was the incidence of abnormalities on chest X-ray (CXR) and their clinical consequences, which were categorized as requiring intervention or additional clinical/radiological examination. The secondary focus was the incidence of deviation from standard treatment in response to the findings (clinical or radiological) at the routine 6-week outpatient visit. Results: In total, 364 patients were included, of whom 246 had a 6-week visit with CXR. The median age was 57 years (interquartile range, 46–70 years) and the median Injury Severity Score was 17 (interquartile range, 13–22). Forty-six abnormalities (18.7%) were found on CXR. These abnormalities resulted in additional outpatient visits in 4 patients (1.5%) and in chest drain insertion in 2 (0.8%). Only 2 patients (0.8%) with an abnormality on CXR presented without symptoms. None of the 118 patients who had visits without CXR experienced problems. Conclusion: Routine 6-week outpatient visits for patients with conservatively treated multiple rib fractures infrequently revealed abnormalities requiring treatment modifications. It may be questioned whether the 6-week outpatient visit is even necessary. Instead, a more targeted approach could be adopted, providing follow-up to high-risk or high-demand patients only, or offering guidance on recognizing warning signs and providing aftercare through a smartphone application.

Insights Into Emissions and Exposures From Use of Industrial-Scale Additive Manufacturing Machines

Stefaniak, A.B.,Johnson, A.R.,du Preez, S.,Hammond, D.R.,Wells, J.R.,Ham, J.E.,LeBouf, R.F.,Martin, S.B. Jr.,Duling, M.G.,Bowers, L.N.,Knepp, A.K.,de Beer, D.J.,du Plessis, J.L. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.2

Background: Emerging reports suggest the potential for adverse health effects from exposure to emissions from some additive manufacturing (AM) processes. There is a paucity of real-world data on emissions from AM machines in industrial workplaces and personal exposures among AM operators. Methods: Airborne particle and organic chemical emissions and personal exposures were characterized using real-time and time-integrated sampling techniques in four manufacturing facilities using industrial-scale material extrusion and material jetting AM processes. Results: Using a condensation nuclei counter, number-based particle emission rates (ERs) (number/min) from material extrusion AM machines ranged from $4.1{\times}10^{10}$ (Ultem filament) to $2.2{\times}10^{11}$ [acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polycarbonate filaments). For these same machines, total volatile organic compound ERs (${\mu}g/min$) ranged from $1.9{\times}10^4$ (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polycarbonate) to $9.4{\times}10^4$ (Ultem). For the material jetting machines, the number-based particle ER was higher when the lid was open ($2.3{\times}10^{10}number/min$) than when the lid was closed ($1.5-5.5{\times}10^9number/min$); total volatile organic compound ERs were similar regardless of the lid position. Low levels of acetone, benzene, toluene, and m,p-xylene were common to both AM processes. Carbonyl compounds were detected; however, none were specifically attributed to the AM processes. Personal exposures to metals (aluminum and iron) and eight volatile organic compounds were all below National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-recommended exposure levels. Conclusion: Industrial-scale AM machines using thermoplastics and resins released particles and organic vapors into workplace air. More research is needed to understand factors influencing real-world industrial-scale AM process emissions and exposures.

Insights Into Emissions and Exposures From Use of Industrial-Scale Additive Manufacturing Machines

A.B. Stefaniak,A.R. Johnson,S. du Preez,D.R. Hammond,J.R. Wells,J.E. Ham,R.F. LeBouf,S.B. Martin Jr.,M.G. Duling,L.N. Bowers,A.K. Knepp,D.J. de Beer,J.L. du Plessis 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.2

Background: Emerging reports suggest the potential for adverse health effects from exposure to emissions from some additive manufacturing (AM) processes. There is a paucity of real-world data on emissions from AM machines in industrial workplaces and personal exposures among AM operators. Methods: Airborne particle and organic chemical emissions and personal exposures were characterized using real-time and time-integrated sampling techniques in four manufacturing facilities using industrial-scale material extrusion and material jetting AM processes. Results: Using a condensation nuclei counter, number-based particle emission rates (ERs) (number/min) from material extrusion AM machines ranged from 4.1 1010 (Ultem filament) to 2.2 1011 [acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polycarbonate filaments). For these same machines, total volatile organic compound ERs (mg/min) ranged from 1.9 104 (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and polycarbonate) to 9.4 104 (Ultem). For the material jetting machines, the number-based particle ER was higher when the lid was open (2.3 1010 number/min) than when the lid was closed (1.5e5.5 109 number/min); total volatile organic compound ERs were similar regardless of the lid position. Low levels of acetone, benzene, toluene, and m,p-xylene were common to both AM processes. Carbonyl compounds were detected; however, none were specifically attributed to the AM processes. Personal exposures to metals (aluminum and iron) and eight volatile organic compounds were all below National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-recommended exposure levels. Conclusion: Industrial-scale AM machines using thermoplastics and resins released particles and organic vapors into workplace air. More research is needed to understand factors influencing real-world industrial- scale AM process emissions and exposures.