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The East China Sea in DOD China Military Power Reports
( Bert Chapman ) 한국국방연구원 2017 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.29 No.1
The National Defense Authorization Act of 2000 saw Congress require the Department of Defense (DOD) to prepare an annual report on Chinese military power. This report contains classified and unclassified editions. Documenting Chinese military developments, strategy, and trends are critical parts of these reports. Beijing`s military activities in the East China Sea (ECS) are important report components. This work explains the importance of these and other DOD reports for those studying ECS developments, examines how DOD has documented Beijing`s military activities within these publicly accessible reports, and describes how members of Congress have reacted to ECS developments during the Obama Administration.
News and perspectives on yolk sac stem cells
Bert Binas 한국수정란이식학회 2016 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10
The mammalian yolk sac endoderm is an essential but understudied tissue that patterns and nourishes the embryo. This talk will present the isolation and characterization of several categories of rodent yolk sac endoderm stem cells. Specifically, we have isolated yolk sac endoderm stem cell lines from preimplantation embryos and from post-gastrulation yolk sacs. In both cases, we obtained two versions of stem cells that appear to differ in their degree of lineage maturation. I will discuss the relationship of these various isolates within the same species (rat or mouse), between species (rat vs. mouse), and with previously published isolates. I will then discuss potential applications in developmental biotechnology and toxicology as well as the human relevance of this research.
Bert van Es,Shota Gugushvili 한국통계학회 2010 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.39 No.1
Let X1; : : : ; Xn be i.i.d. observations, where Xi = Yi + σnZi and the Y's and Z's are independent. Assume that the Y's are unobservable and that they have the density f and also that the Z's have a known density k. Furthermore, let σn depend on n and let σn → 0as n→ ∞. We consider the deconvolution problem, i.e. the problem of estimation of the density f based on the sample X1,..., Xn. A popular estimator of f in this setting is the deconvolution kernel density estimator. We derive its asymptotic normality under two different assumptions on the relation between the sequence σn and the sequence of bandwidths hn. We also consider several simulation examples which illustrate different types of asymptotics corresponding to the derived theoretical results and which show that there exist situations where models with σn→ 0 have to be preferred to the models with fixed σ
Bert Becker 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2015 Cross-Currents Vol.- No.16
In the period of “new” imperialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, France strived to create a sphere of influence in southwest China. To foster such imperialist policies, France’s policy makers regarded French companies operating in East Asia as instrumental. One such firm was Auguste Raphael Marty’s Tonkin Shipping Company, based in Haiphong, French Indochina, which operated steam coasters across the wider Gulf of Tonkin region. In the region’s highly competitive shipping market, Marty strived to achieve a monopoly when favorable conditions permitted during the final phase of the Sino-Japanese War. His profit-driven strategy caused huge losses for Chinese shippers and ultimately resulted in their boycotting his ships through the Tsap Yet syndicate. When French officials intervened on Marty’s behalf in negotiations with the Chinese government, the Syndicate was finally dissolved. It was followed by an agreement between the Chinese firm of Yuen Cheong Lee and Co. and the German firm of Jebsen and Co., based on long-established mutual trust between the owners. Although Marty received monetary compensation for his losses, he ruined his relationship with Chinese merchants. This case study presents little-known facts about the interactions among foreign firms in China and demonstrates the Chinese ability to react efficiently to unfair business practices.
Bert Breuer,Michael barz,Karlheinz Bill,Steffen Gruber,Martin Semsch,Thomas Strothjohann,Chunyang Xie 한국자동차공학회 2002 International journal of automotive technology Vol.3 No.2
Future on-board vehicle control systems can be further improved through new types of mechatronic systems. In particular, these systems' capacities for interaction enhance safety, comfort and economic viability. The Automotive Engineering Department (fzd) of Darmstadt University of Technology is engaged in research of the mechatronic vehicle corner, which consists of three subsystems: sensor tire, electrically actuated wheel brake and smart suspension. By intercommunication of these three systems, the brake controller receives direct, fast and permanent information about dynamic events in the tire contact area provided by the tire sensor as valuable control input. This allows to control operation conditions of each wheel brake. The information provided by the tire sensor for example helps to distinguish between straightline driving and cornering as well as to determine μ-split conditions. In conjunction with current information of dynamic wheel loads. tire pressures and friction tyre/road, the ideal brake force distribution can be achieved. Alike through integration of adaptive suspension bushings, elastokinematic behaviour and wheel positions can be adapted to manoeuver-oriented requirements.