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Zhou Wenxian,Shi Yifeng,Wang Hui,Chen Linjie,Yu Caiyu,Zhang Xufei,Yang Lei,Zhang Xiaolei,Wu Aimin 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a major cause of low back pain (LBP), and excessive senescence and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells are major pathological changes in IVDD. Physical exercise could effectively delay the process of intervertebral disc degeneration; however, its mechanism is still largely unknown. Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine released upon cleavage of the membrane-bound precursor protein fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), and its levels increase after physical exercise. Here, we show that after physical exercise, FNDC5/irisin levels increase in the circulation and NP, senescence and apoptosis are reduced, autophagy is activated in NP tissue, and the progression of IVDD is delayed. Conversely, after knocking out FNDC5, the benefits of physical exercise are compromised. Moreover, the overexpression of FNDC5 in NP tissue effectively alleviated the degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) in rats. By showing that FNDC5/irisin is an important mediator of the beneficial effects of physical exercise in the IVDD model, the study proposes FNDC5/irisin as a novel agent capable of activating autophagy and protecting NP from senescence and apoptosis.
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주문현(Zhou, Wenxian),이찬규(Lee, Chankyu) 중앙어문학회 2017 語文論集 Vol.71 No.-
이 연구는 중국에서 한국어를 공부하는 중국인 학습자의 학습전략 활용 현황을 조사한 후, 한국어 학습자 집단의 개별적 특성에 따른 전략 사용과 변인들간의 상관관계에 대해 연구하는 데 목적이 있다. 이 연구에서는 한국어 학습자의 학습전략 사용 양상을 알아보기 위해 Oxford에서 제시된 학습전략 목록 50개 문항을 중국인의 특성을 맞게 설문지를 48개로 조정해서 그 이유를 설명하였다. 이 연구에서 제시된 설문지는 인적사항에 관한 설문과 학습전략 관한 설문으로 나누었고 중국에 거주하는 10대, 20대, 30대, 40대, 50대 한국어 학습자 209명에게 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 분석 결과는 다음과 같이 나타났다. 첫째, 중국 거주 중국인 한국어 학습자의 연령에 따라 학습전략의 사용에 유의미한 차이가 있으며 40대 학습자가 비교적으로 학습전략을 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 전략을 가장 많이 사용함에도 불구하고 학습자 연령별 학습전략사용 순위는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 중국 거주 중국인 한국어 학습자의 성별에 따라 사회적 전략, 상위인지전략, 인지전략, 정의적 전략, 보상전략, 기억전략의 순으로 전략을 사용하는 것으로 나타났으며 여성 학습자는 남성 학습자보다 학습전략을 더 적극적으로 사용하는 것을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 학습자의 학습목적에 따라 학습전략의 사용에 유의미한 차이가 있으며 한국어 교수·학습과정에서는 학습자의 학습목적을 규명할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 학습자의 학습기간에 따라 2년 이상의 학습자가 학습전략을 가장 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났으며 학습기간이 길면 길수록 학습전략을 더 많이 사용하는 것을 알 수 있다. 다섯째, 학습자의 수준에 따라 학습전략의 사용에 유의미한 차이가 있으며 학습전략의 사용 순위는 크게 다르다는 것으로 나타났다. 고급 학습자의 경우 인지전략을 가장 많이 사용하는 반면에 초중급 학습자는 인지전략을 가장 적게 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 바탕으로 추후 연구에서는 학습전략을 세분화하여 온라인 한국어 학습자의 학습전략 연구를 실시하고자 한다. 이를 이번 연구와 대조해 본다면 강의실에서 사용하는 학습전략과 온라인에서 사용하는 학습전략과의 차이를 구명하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다. This study aimed to examine the language learning strategies used by students learning the Korean language in China and whether there are differences in language learning strategies used based on individual variables. In order to analyze the language learning strategies used by Korean learners in China, the research instrument used is adjusted according to SILL (Strategies Inventory of Language Learning) questionnaire by Oxford. The questionnaire is administered to 209 respondents in the age groups of 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s. The research results are as follows: First, the use of language learning strategies varies according to the learner’s age, and learners in their 40s have the most frequency of using language learning strategies. For different age groups, the order of learning strategies used in Korean study is also different. Second, significant differences are seen in the use of language learning strategies according to the learner’s gender. Both male and the female learners use learning strategies in the following order: social strategies, meta-cognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, affective strategies, compensation strategies and, memory strategies. The study also found that female learners demonstrate a more active use of language learning strategies during the process of learning than their male counterparts. Third, the use of language learning strategies shows a meaningful difference according to different learning purposes. Thus, the difference of learning purpose needs to be considered in teaching and learning Korean. Fourth, according to analysis on the period of learning Korean language, learners with more than 2- year experience tend to use language learning strategies more frequently. This implies that there is a meaningful correlation between the period of learning and the use of language learning strategies. Fifth, there is different usage of language learning strategies according to the learner’s proficiency in Korean. The advanced learners use cognitive strategy most, whereas the basic and intermediate learners use it least. The correlation between the results of this study and the follow-up study for online Korean language education in China is discussed.
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Zhou, Yong,Guo, Peng,Sun, Lili,Liu, Linlin,Xu, Xiaowei,Li, Wenxian,Li, Xiaowei,Lee, Kwang-Ryeol,Wang, Aiying Elsevier Sequoia 2019 Surface & coatings technology Vol.361 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films with weak carbide metal Al and carbide metal Ti co-doping (Al/Ti-DLC) were prepared by a hybrid ion beam deposition system. The atomic ratios of doped Al to Ti were tailored via designing the special Al/Ti combined sputtering target. The composition, microstructure, roughness, residual stress, hardness, toughness, and tribological behaviors of the deposited films were systematically evaluated to explore the dependence of structural properties on Al/Ti ratios. Results indicated that the high-throughput preparation of DLC films with different Al/Ti atomic ratios was achieved by tailoring the sputtering target and process parameters without the difference in both the film thickness and total Al/Ti content. With the Al/Ti ratios in the films decreased from 8.8 to 3.0, the residual stress, hardness, and toughness of Al/Ti-DLC films increased obviously, originating from the increased fraction of titanium carbide and the reduced Al content. However, the coefficient of friction and wear rate with decreasing the Al/Ti ratio were obviously improved, which was related with the transformation of underlying friction mechanism from the sliding interface graphitization to dangling bond-passivation. The present results not only suggest a high-throughput method to fabricate co-doped DLC films, but also promote the scientific understanding and engineering application of DLC films with high performance.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ti/Al co-doped diamond-like carbon films were fabricated by a hybrid ion beam method. </LI> <LI> Different Al/Ti ratios were successfully achieved at one time using designed target. </LI> <LI> Al/Ti ratios had no effect on the chemical state of co-doped Ti and Al atoms. </LI> <LI> The mechanical and tribological properties were strongly dependent on Ti/Al ratios. </LI> <LI> Different friction mechanisms were observed with Al/Ti ratios ranged from 8.8 to 3.0. </LI> </UL> </P>
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