Modified Renshen Wumei Decoction Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Destruction in Rats with Diarrhea

( Zhiwei Guan ),( Qiong Zhao ),( Qinwan Huang ),( Zhonghe Zhao ),( Hongyun Zhou ),( Yuanyuan He ),( Shanshan Li ),( Shifang Wan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.9

Modified Renshen Wumei decoction (MRWD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treating persistent diarrhea. However, as the mechanism by which MRWD regulates diarrhea remains unknown, we examined the protective effects of MRWD on intestinal barrier integrity in a diarrhea model. In total, 48 male rats were randomly distributed to four treatment groups: the blank group (CK group), model group (MC group), Medilac-Vita group (MV group) and Chinese herb group (MRWD group). After a 21-day experiment, serum and colon samples were assessed. The diarrhea index, pathological examination findings and change in D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) contents illustrated that the induction of diarrhea caused intestinal injury, which was ameliorated by MV and MRWD infusion. Metabolomics analysis identified several metabolites in the serum. Some critical metabolites, such as phosphoric acid, taurine, cortisone, leukotriene B4 and calcitriol, were found to be significantly elevated by MRWD infusion. Importantly, these differences correlated with mineral absorption and metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathways. Moreover, it significantly increased the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins and the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α, while the expression levels of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1 proteins decreased. These deleterious effects were significantly alleviated by MV and MRWD infusion. Our findings indicate that MRWD infusion helps alleviate diarrhea, possibly by maintaining electrolyte homeostasis, improving the intestinal barrier integrity, and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB axis.

Effect of Panax ginseng and Fructus Mume on Intestinal Barrier and Gut Microbiota in Rats with Diarrhea

Mengjie Zhao,Qiong Zhao,Zhiwei Guan,Qianwei Liu,Hongyun Zhou,Qinwan Huang,Bixiu Huo 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.3

Panax ginseng and Fructus mume (Renshen Wumei in Chinese, RW) are natural medicines with high nutritional and pharmacological value. They have been widely used together in China to treat gastrointestinal diseases, especially persistent diarrhea, but the potential mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, a diarrhea model was established in rats using a 30% aqueous extract of senna. The therapeutic effects of RW were evaluated by recording the prevalence of loose stools, the diarrhea index, and histopathological changes in colon tissue. The levels of mucins, tight junction (TJ) proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/nuclear factor-κB (PI3K/Akt/NF-κB) signaling pathway proteins were measured. Metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota. Treatment with RW alleviated injury to the intestinal barrier in rats with diarrhea and also upregulated levels of Muc2 and TJ proteins, such as occludin, zonula occludens-1, and claudin-1. Administration of RW regulated the structure of the gut microbiota in diarrheal rats. Furthermore, RW suppressed levels of interleukin (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1, PI3K, Akt, and p-NF-κB p65 and also increased IL-4 levels. Our study indicates that P. ginseng and Fructus mume help improve the symptoms of diarrhea, possibly by alleviating the intestinal barrier injury, regulating intestinal flora composition, and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Smart Anti-jamming Mobile Communication for Cloud and Edge-Aided UAV Network

( Zhiwei Li ),( Yu Lu ),( Zengguang Wang ),( Wenxin Qiao ),( Donghao Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.12

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) networks consisting of low-cost UAVs are very vulnerable to smart jammers that can choose their jamming policies based on the ongoing communication policies accordingly. In this article, we propose a novel cloud and edge-aided mobile communication scheme for low-cost UAV network against smart jamming. The challenge of this problem is to design a communication scheme that not only meets the requirements of defending against smart jamming attack, but also can be deployed on low-cost UAV platforms. In addition, related studies neglect the problem of decision-making algorithm failure caused by intermittent ground-to-air communication. In this scheme, we use the policy network deployed on the cloud and edge servers to generate an emergency policy tables, and regularly update the generated policy table to the UAVs to solve the decision-making problem when communications are interrupted. In the operation of this communication scheme, UAVs need to offload massive computing tasks to the cloud or the edge servers. In order to prevent these computing tasks from being offloaded to a single computing resource, we deployed a lightweight game algorithm to ensure that the three types of computing resources, namely local, edge and cloud, can maximize their effectiveness. The simulation results show that our communication scheme has only a small decrease in the SINR of UAVs network in the case of momentary communication interruption, and the SINR performance of our algorithm is higher than that of the original Q-learning algorithm.

Multi-objective optimum design of fast tool servo based on improved differential evolution algorithm

Zhiwei Zhu,Xiaoqin Zhou,Qiang Liu,Shaoxin Zhao 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.12

The flexure-based mechanism is a promising realization of fast tool servo (FTS), and the optimum determination of flexure hinge parameters is one of the most important elements in the FTS design. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization approach to optimizing the dimension and position parameters of the flexure-based mechanism, which is based on the improved differential evolution algorithm embedding chaos and nonlinear simulated anneal algorithm. The results of optimum design show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance and a well-balanced compromise is made between two conflicting objectives, the stroke and natural frequency of the FTS mechanism. The validation tests based on finite element analysis (FEA) show good agreement with the results obtained by using the proposed theoretical algorithm of this paper. Finally, a series of experimental tests are conducted to validate the design process and assess the performance of the FTS mechanism. The designed FTS reaches up to a stroke of 10.25 μm with at least 2 kHz bandwidth. Both of the FEA and experimental results demonstrate that the parameters of the flexure-based mechanism determined by the proposed approaches can achieve the specified performance and the proposed approach is suitable for the optimum design of FTS mechanism and of excellent performances.

Extraction of quasi-static component from vehicle-induced dynamic response using improved variational mode decomposition

Zhiwei Chen,Long Zhao,Yigui Zhou,Wen-Yu He,Wei-Xin Ren 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.31 No.2

The quasi-static component of the moving vehicle-induced dynamic response is promising in damage detection as it is sensitive to bridge damage but insensitive to environmental changes. However, accurate extraction of quasi-static component from the dynamic response is challenging especially when the vehicle velocity is high. This paper proposes an adaptive quasistatic component extraction method based on the modified variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm. Firstly the analytical solutions of the frequency components caused by road surface roughness, high-frequency dynamic components controlled by bridge natural frequency and quasi-static components in the vehicle-induced bridge response are derived. Then a modified VMD algorithm based on particle swarm algorithm (PSO) and mutual information entropy (MIE) criterion is proposed to adaptively extract the quasi-static components from the vehicle-induced bridge dynamic response. Numerical simulations and real bridge tests are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed extraction method. The results indicate that the improved VMD algorithm could extract the quasi-static component of the vehicle-induced bridge dynamic response with high accuracy in the presence of the road surface roughness and measurement noise.

Networked Control for Delta Operator Systems Subject to Actuator Saturation

Ling Zhao,Zhiwei Li,Hongjiu Yang,Zhixin Liu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2014 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.12 No.6

In this paper, the problems of networked control for delta operator systems with actuator saturation are considered. Ellipsoids are used to estimate the domain of attraction for the networked control systems with actuator saturation. A condition for the networked control system is derived in terms of an auxiliary feedback matrix for determining if a given ellipsoid is contractive invariant. Discussions on the networked control systems performance optimization on expansion of the domain of attraction are presented. A numerical example on one-link PMW-controlled joint driven by pneumatic muscles is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed techniques.

Effects of Diosgenin on Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF-1 in Primary Human Thyrocytes

Dezhi Bian,Zhiwei Li,Hongyan Ma,Sumin Mu,Chunyan Ma,Bin Cui,Ling Gao,Jiajun Zhao 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.6

Others and our previous studies showed that the increase of IGF-1 was involved in the formation of goiter. Our aim here was to evaluate the possible effects of diosgenin on cell proliferation induced by IGF-1 in primary human thyroid cells. The cells were treated with or without different concentrations of diosgenin in the present or absent of IGF-1 for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Cell viability was determined by MTT, and cell proliferation was tested by EdU assay, and cell cycle analysis was performed by FACS. In addition, Cyclin D1 and B1 protein expression was tested by Western Blotting, respectively. We found that IGF-1 promoted cell cycle progression to S phase and increased the primary human thyroid cells proliferation. Diosgenin decreased the protein expression of cyclin D1 and resulted in cell G_0 /G_1 arrest. Importantly, when the human thyrocytes were exposed to diosgenin in the present of IGF-1,the IGF-1 inducing proliferation was significantly decreased and the proportion of the cells in G_0 /G_1 phase was increased, while that of S phase was decreased. This study shows that diosgenin inhibited cell proliferation, caused G_0 /G_1 arrest, and could inhibit cell proliferation induced by IGF-1 in primary human thyroid cells.

Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and control of algal organic matters by potassium ferrate(VI) pre-oxidation enhanced Fe(II) coagulation

Jihao Zhou,Zhiwei Zhao,Jie Liu,Wei Peng,Xia Peng,Yuting Han,Ping Xiao 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.10

The problem of cyanobacteria blooms during potable water production has generated wide concern. Ferrate( VI) serving as a pre-oxidation tactic was first applied to enhance conventional Fe(II) coagulation for Microcystis aeruginosa-laden water treatment at lab scale. Results demonstrated that ferrate(VI) pre-oxidation could successfully destabilize algae cells through destroying the protective organic layer. The residual ferrate(VI) together with post-added Fe(II) could provoke a comproportionation reaction, where large amounts of Fe hydrolyzates [Fe(OH)3] are formed. The in-situ Fe(OH)3 with abundant reactive surface is responsible for the promotion of flocs growth by facilitating the clustering and cross-linking of algal organic matters (AOM) and cyanobacteria cells, simultaneously resulting in satisfactory reductions in OD680, turbidity and UV254. Overdose of ferrate(VI) could cause severe cell destruction along with the release of intracellular organic matter (IOM), which may impair the water quality by increasing the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the disinfection by-products formation potential (DBPFP). Meanwhile, considering the Fe residual in settled water, the optimal ferrate(VI) dose (20 μM) and Fe(II) dose (80 μM) were proposed. Besides, the synergistic effect of both the degradation by ferrate(VI) and the adsorption by in-situ Fe(OH)3 contributed to the removal of DOC and Microcystin-LR. This study suggests that ferrate(VI) might be a potential candidate for pre-treatment to assist Fe(II) coagulation when addressing algae-laden water.

Hypoglycemic effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins by enhancing the Nrf2 signaling pathway in STZ-inducing diabetic rats

Dawei Gao,Min Zhao,Ximing Qi,Yanping Liu,Nan Li,Zhiwei Liu,Yanhong Bian 대한약학회 2016 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.39 No.2

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is a natural plant resources for diabetes therapy, however, there is little research on the mechanisms of GP. The present study was undertaken to characterize if G. pentaphyllum saponins (GPs) is the principal active compound of GP responsible for anti-diabetes, and to examine the relativity between blood glucose modulate and antioxidation. The GPs-treated streptozotocin diabetic rats had a more effective hypoglycemic status than those of diabetic control rats, which also ameliorate dyslipidemia. GPs has increased SOD and GSH-px activities, and the spleen and thymus indexes in diabetic rats. The insulin levels in the GPs-treated groups were significantly higher than diabetic control group. Our finding provides a new insight into the application of GPs for the treatment of oxidative stress related diseases.

A New Ultra Lightweight Encryption Design for Security at Node Level

Ting Wang,Dongning Zhao,Zhiwei Sun,Weixin Xie 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.12

This paper proposes a new lightweight cipher VAYU. VAYU has a balanced Feistel structure. VAYU cipher supports 64 bit plaintext and 128/80 bit key length and it has a total of 31 rounds. It needs only 1290 GEs for 128 bit key length. It also results in minimal memory size as compared to all other existing lightweight ciphers. This paper discusses the security analysis of VAYU cipher design which is adequate against linear and differential cryptanalysis, Biclique attack, zero correlation attack, algebraic attack. VAYU cipher design will be best suitable for applications like IoT, smart Wireless Sensor networks. VAYU cipher uses two F-functions with substitution box, which results in a high diffusion mechanism.