Effect of feeding a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw on performance, digestion, serum parameters and meat nutrients in finishing beef cattle

Zhang Hongrui,Zhang Liyang,Xue Xiao,Zhang Xiaoxia,Wang Hongyi,Gao Tengyun,Phillips Clive 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.1

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the feeding value, meat nutrients and associative effects of a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw in finishing beef cattle. Methods: One hundred and eighty Simmental crossbred beef steers were blocked and assigned to the follow treatments: i) whole plant corn silage-based diet (control, WPCS), ii) mixed forages-based diet (replacing a portion of corn silage with wheat straw, WPCSW), iii) corn stalklage-based diet (CS), and iv) sweet corn stalklage-based diet (SCS). Each group consisted of 5 repeated pens with 9 steers/pen. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with same forage to concentrate ratio. Experimental diets were fed for 90 d. Results: The effective ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein were highest for WPCS diet (p<0.05), for neutral detergent fiber was highest in SCS diet (p<0.05). The average daily gain was greater for cattle offered the WPCS diet, intermediate with WPCSW and SCS and lowest with CS (p<0.001). The concentration of non-esterified fatty acid in serum was higher for steers fed with CS and SCS diets than those offered WPCS and WPCSW steers (p<0.001). The treatments did not affect the general nutritional contents and amino acids composition of Longissimus dorsi of steers (p>0.05). Conclusion: The corn silage-based diet exhibited the highest feeding value. The sweet corn stalklage and wheat straw as an alternative to corn silage offered to beef cattle had limited influence on feeding value and meat nutrients. However, the value of a corn stalklage-based diet was relatively poor. To sum up, when the high quality forage resources, such as corn silage, are in short supply, or the growth rate of beef cattle decreases in the later finishing period, the sweet stalklage and wheat straw could be used as a cheaper alternative in feedlot cattle diet without sharp reducing economic benefits. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the feeding value, meat nutrients and associative effects of a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw in finishing beef cattle.Methods: One hundred and eighty Simmental crossbred beef steers were blocked and assigned to the follow treatments: i) whole plant corn silage-based diet (control, WPCS), ii) mixed forages-based diet (replacing a portion of corn silage with wheat straw, WPCSW), iii) corn stalklage-based diet (CS), and iv) sweet corn stalklage-based diet (SCS). Each group consisted of 5 repeated pens with 9 steers/pen. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with same forage to concentrate ratio. Experimental diets were fed for 90 d.Results: The effective ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein were highest for WPCS diet (p<0.05), for neutral detergent fiber was highest in SCS diet (p<0.05). The average daily gain was greater for cattle offered the WPCS diet, intermediate with WPCSW and SCS and lowest with CS (p<0.001). The concentration of non-esterified fatty acid in serum was higher for steers fed with CS and SCS diets than those offered WPCS and WPCSW steers (p<0.001). The treatments did not affect the general nutritional contents and amino acids composition of Longissimus dorsi of steers (p>0.05).Conclusion: The corn silage-based diet exhibited the highest feeding value. The sweet corn stalklage and wheat straw as an alternative to corn silage offered to beef cattle had limited influence on feeding value and meat nutrients. However, the value of a corn stalklage-based diet was relatively poor. To sum up, when the high quality forage resources, such as corn silage, are in short supply, or the growth rate of beef cattle decreases in the later finishing period, the sweet stalklage and wheat straw could be used as a cheaper alternative in feedlot cattle diet without sharp reducing economic benefits.

Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Primula in China

Zhang Qixiang,Liang Shule,Liu Qingchao,Pan Huitang,Jin Xiaoxia,Zhang Yanli,Zhang Ruili 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Orbilia tianmushanensis sp. nov., a new member of the O. luteorubella group with an unusual asexual morph

Ying Zhang,Yunrun Zhang,Jianyong Dong,Xiaoxia He,Min Qiao,Hans-Otto Baral,Ke-Qin Zhang,Zefen Yu 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.1

A new species of Orbilia related to O. luteorubella is described mainly based on morphological characters of its asexual morph and molecular data. The sexual morph does not significantly differ from O. luteorubella, whereas the asexual morph obtained from its ascospore isolate resembles members of the non-predacious genus Dactylella, because it has fusiform phragmoconidia borne singly at the apex of conidiophores. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this strain clustered with a clade that included available strains of the O. luteorubella aggregate and was distant from all analysed Dactylella species. Within this clade, the new strain fell between species with filiform conidia and those of a Pseudotripoconidium anamorph. By combining morphological and phylogenetic analyses, we conclude that our isolate belongs to a new taxon. Pleomorphism of the new taxon is described and discussed.

Research on the Application of Virtual Imaging Technology in the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Li Ethnic Group in Hainan

李晓夏(Xiaoxia LI),张晨(Chen ZHANG),张雅千(Yaqian ZHANG) Korea Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences 2024 Journal of Global Arts Studies (JGAS) Vol.2 No.1

【背景】本研究以国家文化数字化战略为背景,以非遗文化活化为主线,分析了虚拟影像技术应用到海南黎族非物质文化遗产的前景和方法。 【目的】通过对海南黎族非物质文化遗产数字化应用现状进行分析,尝试找到海南黎族非遗文化虚拟影像平台搭建的方法和数字化活态传播路径。 【方法】首先通过综述法和调查法对海南黎族非遗文化数字化应用现状进行分析,以案例研究法佐证虚拟影像技术应用其中的优势。其次对海南黎族非遗文化虚拟现实平台搭建方法与传播策略进行了个人的分析理解,并绘制了相应的开发流程图。 【结果】通过对海南黎族非遗虚拟影像平台和数字化传播路径进行研究,得到利用虚拟影像技术进行海南黎族非物质文化遗产保护是可行的,产生“1+1>2”的效果。 【结论】依托虚拟影像技术,从“数字化”+“非遗文化”的视角出发,推动黎族非遗文化创造性转化、创新性发展,对于促进海南黎族非物质文化活态传承与发展有着民族性、时代性的现实意义。 [Background] This study is set against the backdrop of the national strategy for the digitalization of culture, focusing on the revitalization of intangible cultural heritage (ICH). It analyzes the prospects and methods of applying virtual imaging technology to the intangible cultural heritage of the Li ethnic group in Hainan. [Objective] By examining the current state of digital applications for the intangible cultural heritage of the Hainan Li ethnic group, this study aims to identify methods for constructing a virtual imaging platform for the Li ethnic group's ICH and to explore digital pathways for its dynamic transmission. [Method] The analysis begins with a review and survey of the current digital applications of the Li ethnic group's ICH, supported by case studies that demonstrate the advantages of virtual imaging technology. The study then presents a personal analysis of the methods and strategies for constructing a virtual reality platform for the Li ethnic group's ICH, including a detailed development flowchart. [Results] The research on the virtual imaging platform and digital transmission pathways for the Hainan Li ethnic group's ICH suggests that using virtual imaging technology to preserve this heritage is feasible and can produce synergistic outcomes where the whole is greater than the sum of its parts (“1+1>2”). [Conclusion] Leveraging virtual imaging technology and combining it with a focus on “digitalization” and “ICH,” this study promotes the creative transformation and innovative development of the Li ethnic group's ICH. This approach has significant national and contemporary relevance for the active preservation and development of the Li ethnic group’s intangible cultural heritage in Hainan.

Lotus-Like Nano-Architectures Constructed from Self-Assembled Micelles via Hierarchical Assembly

Rongli Zhang,Xiaoxia Fan,Xiaofang Xu,Jingjing Lv,Zhenzhen Jin,Hui Hao,Cuige Zhang 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.1

Dopamine modified γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA-DA) copolymer and melamine (Mel) can self-assemble into Mel/γ-PGA-DA micelles via weak intermolecular interactions in aqueous solution containing small amount of methanol. When Mel/γ-PGA-DA micellar solution was cast on the surface of formvar stabilized with carbon support films, the lotus-like nano-architectures were formed on the surface of substrate via hierarchical assembly of micelles. The size of lotus-like nanoarchitectures was approximately 200 nm×500 nm. The possible driving forces for hierarchical assembly of micelles were the solution fluid and interaction between micelles. The hierarchical assembly of micelles was similar to the fractal aggregation of inorganic particles and a possible reason was discussed.

Group Decision-Making Method for Dynamic Cloud Model Based on Cumulative Prospect Theory

Xiaoxia Wang,Fengbao Yang,Dawei Li,Feifei Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.10

Group decision-making is a situation faced when individuals collectively make a choice from the alternatives before them. Aiming to the drawback that not all plans can be evaluated by a single expert during group decision-making process, a group decision-making method for dynamic cloud distribution is proposed in this paper based on cumulative prospect theory. First, experts and plans were divided into groups according to the classification rule, and plans were described with the cloud model. The expectation, the entropy and the super entropy decision matrix were structured respectively. Then, the maximum and minimum values in decision matrix were set as positive and negative reference points. The parameter values of cumulative cloud prospect were calculated and the synthesis prospect values of every group were obtained. Finally, the plans were sorted based on the mean of synthesis prospect values for every group, and illustrated by specific examples. The ranking results show that the proposed method is rationality and practicability. So the proposed method can be widely used in group decision-making of grouping scheme or grouping expert.

Rapid Detection of Noroviruses in Fecal Samples and Shellfish by Nucleic Acid Sequence-based Amplification

Xiaoxia Kou,Qingping Wu,Jumei Zhang,Hongying Fan 한국미생물학회 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.4

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) method of detecting noroviruses in artificially and naturally contaminated shellfish. We used 58 fecal samples that tested positive for noroviruses with electron microscopy (EM) to develop an NASBA assay for these viruses. Oligonucleotide primers targeting the polymerase coding region were used to amplify the viral RNA in an isothermal process that resulted in the accumulation of RNA amplicons. These amplicons were detected by hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes that were highly specific for genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) of noroviruses. The expected band of 327 bp appeared in denaturing agarose gel without any nonspecific band. The specific signal for each amplicon was obtained through Northern blotting in many repeats. All fecal samples of which 46 (79.3%) belonged to GII and 12 (20.6%) belonged to GI were positive for noroviruses by EM and by NASBA. Target RNA concentrations as low as 5 pg/ml were detected in fecal specimens using NASBA. When the assay was applied to artificially contaminated shellfish, the sensitivity to nucleic acid was 100 pg/1.5 g shellfish tissue. The potential use of this assay was also confirmed in naturally contaminated shellfish collected from different ponds in Guangzhou city of China, of which 24 (18.76%) out of 128 samples were positive for noroviruses; of these, 19 (79.6%) belonged to GII and 5 (20.4%) belonged to GI. The NASBA assay provided a more rapid and efficient way of detecting noroviruses in fecal samples and demonstrated its potential for detecting noroviruses in food and environmental samples with high specificity and sensitivity.

Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Tissue‑Specifc Variations in Gene Expression and Metabolites of Olive

Liu Xiaoxia,Zhang Jianguo,Luo Ying,Rao Guodong 한국식물학회 2020 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.63 No.1

Metabolome and transcriptional correlation analyses can be used to reveal the relationship between metabolites and gene expression in diferent tissues. Here, targeted metabolome and Illumina RNA-Seq analyses were used for the identifcation of co-regulated metabolites and genes from three diferent tissue of Olea europaea (fruits, new leaves, and old leaves). In total, 57.49 Gb of clean data from nine samples was obtained. The clean data of each sample reached 5.25 Gb, and the Q30 base percentage exceeded 88.44%. Through sequence alignments of clean reads from each sample with the olive reference genome, 3049 newly annotated genes were identifed, of which 2350 were functionally annotated. Diferentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolite correlation analysis showed that most of the up-regulated genes in fruits were enriched in fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis metabolic pathways; the up-regulated genes in leaves were mainly related to plant hormones, biotic (abiotic) stress tolerance, signal transduction, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. The current global gene expression and metabolite content profling exercise provides a comprehensive view of the combination of transcriptome and metabolome data, which provides valuable information for identifying DEGs in olives.

Effects of Additives on Nutrients and Fermentation Quality of Alfalfa Silage

Xiaoqing Zhang,Qizhong Sun,Xingyou Li,Xiaoxia Li 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08

Two-year-old, full flower aohan alfalfa (Medicaga sativa cv. aohan) was chosen to evaluate the silage effect by using different additives of Qingbao Ⅱ , Caihe and Yishengkang. Result indicated that additives increased CP content (P<0.05) and decreased CF, ADF and NDF content significantly (P<0.05). Lactic acid content in additives treatments were significantly higher (P<0.01) than control. These result showed that additives improved silage fermentation quality, reduced cellulose contents and improved silage nutritive value. Among three treatments, Caihe and Yishengkang were priority to Qingbao Ⅱ on the effect of promoting the desired lactic acid fermentation.

Rapid Detection of Noroviruses in Fecal Samples and Shellfish by Nucleic Acid Sequence-based Amplification

Kou Xiaoxia,Wu Qingping,Zhang Jumei,Fan Hongying The Microbiological Society of Korea 2006 The journal of microbiology Vol.44 No.4

The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) method of detecting noroviruses in artificially and naturally contaminated shellfish. We used 58 fecal samples that tested positive for noroviruses with electron microscopy (EM) to develop an NASBA assay for these viruses. Oligonucleotide primers targeting the polymerase coding region were used to amplify the viral RNA in an isothermal process that resulted in the accumulation of RNA amplicons. These amplicons were detected by hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes that were highly specific for genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) of noroviruses. The expected band of 327bp appeared in denaturing agarose gel without any nonspecific band. The specific signal for each amplicon was obtained through Northern blotting in many repeats. All fecal samples of which 46(79.3%) belonged to GII and 12(20.6%) belonged to GI were positive for noroviruses by EM and by NASBA. Target RNA concentrations as low as 5pg/ml were detected in fecal specimens using NASBA. When the assay was applied to artificially contaminated shellfish, the sensitivity to nucleic acid was 100pg/1.5g shellfish tissue. The potential use of this assay was also confirmed in naturally contaminated shellfish collected from different ponds in Guangzhou city of China, of which 24 (18.76%) out of 128 samples were positive for noroviruses; of these, 19 (79.6%) belonged to GII and 5 (20.4%) belonged to GI. The NASBA assay provided a more rapid and efficient way of detecting noroviruses in fecal samples and demonstrated its potential for detecting noroviruses in food and environmental samples with high specificity and sensitivity.