Manganese-based spinel adsorbents for lithium recovery from aqueous solutions by electrochemical technique

Honglong Zhan,Yingjun Qiao,Zhiqiang Qian,Jun Li,Zhijian Wu,Xiaogang Hao,Zhong Liu 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-

The manganese-based spinel adsorbent (HMO) refers to lithium-ion adsorbents derived from the spinellithium manganese oxide (LMO). Two types of lithium ions extraction composite films composed of HMO(HMn2O4 and H1.6Mn1.6O4) are successfully prepared by the blade coating method. Based on the excellentLi+ selectivity of HMO and the outstanding conductivity of conductive carbon black (C), HMO/C films arecarried out to extract lithium by electrochemically switched ion exchange (ESIX) technique. HMO has acertain adsorption capacity for Li+ when the Li+ concentration is close to the actual brine, and the adsorptioncapacity of HMn2O4 and H1.6Mn1.6O4 is 24.56 mg/g and 34.40 mg/g, respectively. HMO showed goodselectivity for Li+ in multiple metal ions solution. The capacity of HMn2O4 and H1.6Mn1.6O4 keep 80% and86% of the initial values after 5 cycles, respectively. The inherent different lithium occupied leads to thedifference of electrical-adsorption abilities between HMn2O4 and H1.6Mn1.6O4. H1.6Mn1.6O4 has a broadapplication prospect in lithium extraction from salt lake brine due to its lower application voltage, largeadsorption capacity and superior stability.

Current state of research about acupuncture for the treatment of COVID-19: A scoping review

Chen Chen,Jie Zhan,Hao Wen,Xiaojing Wei,Lu Ding,Chenyang Tao,Cui Li,Peiming Zhang,Yuyuan Tang,Jing-chun Zeng,Li-ming Lu 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.-

Background Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), acupuncture has been widely used in the treatment of COVID-19. The research community has responded rapidly and has already published many research articles about this topic. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library as well as CNKI, Wanfang and VIP from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021. The dates of publication, language of publication, methodological characteristics and the key findings were analyzed separately. The data are presented as bar graphs, structured tables and figures. Results In this scoping review, 16 research articles were included: 7 case reports, 6 observational studies, 1 review, 1 RCT and 1 nonrandomized clinical trial. The majority of the articles (81.3%) were published by Chinese scholars, 12.5% articles were by scholars in the United States, and 6.3% articles were by scholars in Iran. The included studies reported that acupuncture could alleviate the symptoms of COVID-19 patients, shorten their hospitalization days, and is effective for the elderly. There were no side effects reported. The most frequent acupoints used were LI4, PC6, ST36 and KI3. They reported many obstacles in implementing acupuncture therapy for treating COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Acupuncture has a good effect for the treatment of COVID-19, but high-quality evidence support is still lacking. Coupled with the difficulties that acupuncturists experienced during the process of treatment, the promotion of acupuncture treatment for COVID-19 faces many obstacles. Background Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), acupuncture has been widely used in the treatment of COVID-19. The research community has responded rapidly and has already published many research articles about this topic. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library as well as CNKI, Wanfang and VIP from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021. The dates of publication, language of publication, methodological characteristics and the key findings were analyzed separately. The data are presented as bar graphs, structured tables and figures. Results In this scoping review, 16 research articles were included: 7 case reports, 6 observational studies, 1 review, 1 RCT and 1 nonrandomized clinical trial. The majority of the articles (81.3%) were published by Chinese scholars, 12.5% articles were by scholars in the United States, and 6.3% articles were by scholars in Iran. The included studies reported that acupuncture could alleviate the symptoms of COVID-19 patients, shorten their hospitalization days, and is effective for the elderly. There were no side effects reported. The most frequent acupoints used were LI4, PC6, ST36 and KI3. They reported many obstacles in implementing acupuncture therapy for treating COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Acupuncture has a good effect for the treatment of COVID-19, but high-quality evidence support is still lacking. Coupled with the difficulties that acupuncturists experienced during the process of treatment, the promotion of acupuncture treatment for COVID-19 faces many obstacles.

Effects of Ga-doping on the microstructure and magnetic properties of MnBi alloys

Yang, Yang,Kim, Jong-Woo,Si, Ping-Zhan,Qian, Hui-Dong,Shin, Yongho,Wang, Xinyou,Park, Jihoon,Li, Oi Lun,Wu, Qiong,Ge, Hongliang,Choi, Chul-Jin Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.769 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The low temperature phase Mn<SUB>55</SUB>Bi<SUB>45-<I>x</I> </SUB>Ga<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB> (<I>x</I> = 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10) alloys were prepared by induction melting process with subsequent low temperature annealing. The effects of Ga-doping on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of the alloys were systematically studied. The room temperature coercivities of Mn<SUB>55</SUB>Bi<SUB>45-<I>x</I> </SUB>Ga<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB> after ball milling increased from 1.43 T for <I>x</I> = 0 to 1.66 T for <I>x</I> = 5, while the saturation magnetization decreased from 60.7 Am<SUP>2</SUP>/kg (<I>x</I> = 0) to 45.1 Am<SUP>2</SUP>/kg (<I>x</I> = 5). The maximum energy product (<I>BH</I>)<SUB>max</SUB> of Mn<SUB>55</SUB>Bi<SUB>44</SUB>Ga powders reached 7.87 MGOe. The Curie temperature of the Mn<SUB>55</SUB>Bi<SUB>45-<I>x</I> </SUB>Ga<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB> alloys increased from 633 K to 658 K with increasing Ga concentration in the range of 0 ≤ <I>x</I> ≤ 5.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effects of doping Ga on the microstructural and magnetic properties of MnBi alloy. </LI> <LI> The MnBi-Ga powders are achieved by surfactant assisted high energy ball milling. </LI> <LI> The maximum energy produce (<I>BH</I>)<SUB>max</SUB> shows 7.87 MGOe for Mn<SUB>55</SUB>Bi<SUB>44</SUB>Ga sample. </LI> <LI> The coercivity of Mn<SUB>55</SUB>Bi<SUB>40</SUB>Ga<SUB>5</SUB> after ball milling reached 1.66 T at room temperature. </LI> <LI> The elevated curie temperature (<I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB>) by doping Ga makes it a possible candidate for high temperature applications. </LI> </UL> </P>

Properties of an AlGaN/AlN Distributed-Bragg-reflector Structure

Li-Li Zhang,Zhan-Hui Liu,Xiao-Gu Huang,Qing-Fang Li,Rong Zhang,Zi-Li Xie,Xiang-Qian Xiu 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.7

An AlGaN/AlN distributed-Bragg-reflector (DBR) structure with a high Al content was grown byusing plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). The properties of the sample were characterizedby using the transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution X-ray diffraction, atomicforce microscopy, and reflectivity spectrum measurements. The reciprocal space mapping analysisindicated that the strain in the AlGaN layers was partially relaxed. The morphology of the DBRexhibited a surface covered by grains (average size of about 130 nm), and the surface roughness wasabout 2 nm. The spectral measurements showed that the DBR structure presented a peak reflectivityof 68.8% at the center wavelength of 247 nm, which indicated that this DBR structure couldwork in the deep solar-blind UV region with acceptable reflectivity. However, the optical propertiesof the DBR structure were deteriorated by the fluctuation of the Al composition, non-uniformity ofthe layer thickness, the blurry, rough interface in the DBR structure, and so on.

Properties of a CdZnO/ZnO Multiple Quantum-Well Light-Emitting Diode

Zhan-Hui Liu,Li-Li Zhang,Qing-Fang Li,Rong Zhang,Zi-Li Xie,Xiang-Qian Xiu,Bin Liu 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.7

A CdZnO/ZnO multiple quantum-well light-emitting diode (LED) structure was successfully grown by using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on a p-GaN template that had been grown by using metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition on a c-sapphire substrate. The properties of the sample were characterized by using high-resolution X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements. The light output performance of the CdZnO/ZnO QW LED device was also investigated in detail by using I-V and electroluminescence spectral measurements. The characterization showed that our CdZnO/ZnO QW LED structure had good crystalline quality and weaker carrier localization. Owing to the heterojunction structure, the I-V curve indicated that the LED device had a higher turn-on voltage and series resistance. The EL measurement demonstrated that for our LED device’s optoelectronic characteristic, the carrier-screening effect played the dominant role in the emission-energy blue-shift mechanism, and the broadening of the emission energy width was mainly ascribed to the band-filling effect. Without a special heat sinking, the L-I curve exhibited slight efficiency droop after 30 mA.

Zhang Dynamics based Tracking Control of Knee Exoskeleton with Timedependent Inertial and Viscous Parameters

Zhan Li,Ziguang Yin 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.2

Knee exoskeleton plays an important role in robot-assisted rehabilitation for impaired pilots to restore their motor functionality of lower extremity through producing external movement compensation. Tracking control of knee exoskeleton often encounters time-dependent (time-varying) issues reflected in its dynamic behaviors. In many applications, inertial and viscous parameters of knee exoskeletons are measured to be time-dependent due to unexpected mechanical vibrations and contact interactions, which increases difficultly of accurate control of knee exoskeleton to follow desired joint angle trajectories. This paper proposes a novel control strategy for controlling knee exoskeleton with time-dependent (time-varying) inertial and viscous coefficients. Such controller is designed based on Zhang dynamics (ZD) method and utilizes twice Zhang function (ZF) so as to make the tracking error of joint angle exponentially converge to zero. Illustrative simulation examples and experimental validation are presented to show efficiency of this type of controller based on ZD method. Comparisons with gradient dynamic (GD) approach are also presented to demonstrate superiority of ZD-type control strategy for tracking joint angle of knee exoskeleton.

Proteomic Analysis of Erythritol-Producing Yarrowia lipolytica from Glycerol in Response to Osmotic Pressure(s)

( Li Bo Yang ),( Xiao Meng Dai ),( Zhi Yong Zheng ),( Li Zhu ),( Xiao Bei Zhan ),( Chi Chung Lin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.7

Osmotic pressure is a critical factor for erythritol production with osmophilic yeast. Protein expression patterns of an erythritol-producing yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica, were analyzed toidentify differentially-expressed proteins in response to osmotic pressure. In order to analyze intracellular protein levels quantitatively, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was performed to separate and visualize the differential expression of the intracellular proteins extracted from Y. lipolytica cultured under low (3.17 osmol/kg) and high (4.21 osmol/kg) osmotic pressures. Proteomic analyses allowed identification of 54 differentially-expressed proteins among the proteins distributed in the range of pI 3-10 and 14.4-97.4 kDa molecular mass between the osmotic stress conditions. Remarkably, the main proteins were involved in the pathway of energy, metabolism, cell rescue, and stress response. The expression of such enzymes related to protein and nucleotide biosynthesis was inhibited drastically, reflecting the growth arrest of Y. lipolytica under hyperosmotic stress. The improvement of erythritol production under highosmotic stress was due to the significant induction of a range of crucial enzymes related to polyols biosynthesis, such as transketolase and triosephosphate isomerase, and the osmotic stress responsive proteins like pyridoxine-4-dehydrogenase and the AKRs family. The polyols biosynthesis was really related to an osmotic response and a protection mechanism against hyperosmotic stress in Y. lipolytica. Additionally, the high osmotic stress could also induce other cell stress responses as with heat shock and oxidation stress responses, and these responsive proteins, such as the HSPs family, catalase T, and superoxide dismutase, also had drastically increased expression levels under hyperosmotic pressure.

Finite Element and Experimental Analysis of Ultrasonic Vibration Milling of High-Volume Fraction SiCp/Al Composites

Zhan-Li Shi,Dao-Hui Xiang,Hao-Ren Feng,Bang-Fu Wu,Zhi-Meng Zhang,Guo-Fu Gao,Bo Zhao 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.10

SiCp/Al composites have been widely used in many fields due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, the addition of reinforced phase SiC particles makes the overall properties of the composites hard and brittle, which brings great challenges to milling. Ultrasonic vibration-assisted processing technology has great advantages in processing hard and brittle materials. However, the process of rupture of SiC particles cannot be effectively observed during the test processing, and a large number of tests increase the cost of the test. The combination of finite element analysis and experiment was used to study the machining performance of High-volume fraction SiCp/Al composites in longitudinal-torsional ultrasonicassisted milling (LTUAM), and its feasibility was evaluated by comparing with conventional Milling (CM). By analyzing the trajectories of cutting edges in ultrasonic-assisted milling, It was found that ultrasonic frequency determines the time of periodic contact-separation between chisel edge and workpiece, and ultrasonic amplitude determines the maximum distance of contact-separation. Using ABAQUS finite element software, a polygon SiC particles model with a high-volume fraction was established to investigate the SiC particles crushing process under different ultrasonic-assisted milling conditions. The results showed that high-frequency ultrasonic-assisted milling could soften SiCp/Al composites, and the structural integrity of silicon carbide particles could be better maintained under appropriate ultrasonic amplitudes, reducing the probability of fragmentation. The removal mode was mainly plastic removal or crushing into small particles. The surface roughness value and milling force were reduced, improving the surface quality of the processed composite material. The conclusions of the milling test were basically consistent with the simulation results, which prove the correctness and feasibility of the simulation results

LiFePO ₄ microcrystals as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst in degradation of rhodamine 6G

Li, Zhan Jun,Ali, Ghafar,Kim, Hyun Jin,Yoo, Seong Ho,Cho, Sung Oh Springer 2014 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.9 No.1

<P>We present a novel heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst of LiFePO<SUB>4</SUB> (LFP). LFP has been widely used as an electrode material of a lithium ion battery, but we observed that commercial LFP (LFP-C) could act as a good Fenton-like catalyst to decompose rhodamine 6G. The catalytic activity of LFP-C microparticles was much higher than a popular catalyst, magnetite nanoparticles. Furthermore, we found that the catalytic activity of LFP-C could be further increased by increasing the specific surface area. The reaction rate constant of the hydrothermally synthesized LFP microcrystals (LFP-H) is at least 18 times higher than that of magnetite nanoparticles even though the particle size of LFP is far larger than magnetite nanoparticles. The LFP catalysts also exhibited a good recycling behavior and high stability under an oxidizing environment. The effects of the experimental parameters such as the concentration of the catalysts, pH, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide on the catalytic activity of LFP were also analyzed.</P>

Staged Improvement in Awareness of Disease for Elderly Cancer Patients in Southern China

Li, Xing,Dong, Min,Wen, Jing-Yun,Wei, Li,Ma, Xiao-Kun,Xing, Yan-Fang,Deng, Yun,Chen, Zhan-Hong,Chen, Jie,Ruan, Dan-Yun,Lin, Ze-Xiao,Wang, Tian-Tian,Wu, Dong-Hao,Liu, Xu,Hu, Hai-Tao,Lin, Jia-Yu,Li, Zhu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: In mainland China, awareness of disease of elderly cancer patients largely relies on the patients' families. We developed a staged procedure to improve their awareness of disease. Materials and Methods: Participants were 224 elderly cancer patients from 9 leading hospitals across Southern China. A questionnaire was given to the oncologists in charge of each patient to evaluate the interaction between family and patients, patient awareness of their disease and participation in medical decision-making. After first cycles of treatment, increased information of disease was given to patients with cooperation of the family. Then patient awareness of their disease and participation in medical decision-making was documented. Results: Among the 224 cancer elderly patients, 26 (11.6%) made decisions by themselves and 125 (55.8%) delegated their rights of decision-making to their family. Subordinate family members tended to play a passive role in decision-making significantly. Patients participating more in medical decision-making tended to know more about their disease. However, in contrast to the awareness of disease, patient awareness of violation of medical recommendations was reversely associated with their participation in medical decision-making. Improvement in awareness of diagnosis, stages and prognosis was achieved in about 20% elderly cancer patients. About 5% participated more actively in medical decision-making. Conclusions: Chinese elderly cancer patient awareness of disease and participation in medical decision-making is limited and relies on their family status. The staged procedure we developed to improve patient awareness of disease proved effective.