http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
안수미,윤기영,신연명,최경현,임근승,장문경,송윤미,공은희 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.2
Background : About 30% of patients in the hospital are under nourishment. A large portion of people are undernourished when they are admitted to the hospital and in the majority of these, undernutrition develops further while in hospital. Patient-Generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA), a method of nutritional assessment based on clinical judgment, has been widely used to assess the nutritional status of adults for both clinical and research purposes. Modified PG-SGA can be used as a nutrition screening tool, and a comprehensive nutrition assessment is desirable for those who are malnourished. The purpose of this study is to develop a simple, reliable and valid nutrition screening program(NSP). Methods : We applied the nutrition screening program(NSP) to adult inpatients who are at risk of malnutrition using the Modified Patient-Generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA) and objective assessment(electrical medical record data). Results : Therefore simple and beneficial NSP is developed for patients with severe malnutrition. Using NSP. nutritional information of the severe malnutrition patient should be shared with the physicians and they should be taken care of by clinical dietitians to improve their nutritional status. Conclusion : The Modified PG-SGA and nutrition screening tool are simple, reliable and valid nutrition screening program(NSP).
Improved Secretory Production of the Sweet-Tasting Protein, Brazzein, in <i>Kluyveromyces lactis</i>
Yun, Cho-Rong,Kong, Ji-Na,Chung, Ju-Hee,Kim, Myung-Chul,Kong, Kwang-Hoon American Chemical Society 2016 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.64 No.32
<P>Brazzein is an intensely sweet protein with high stability over a wide range of pH values and temperatures, due to its four disulfide bridges. Recombinant brazzein production through secretory expression in Kluyveromyces lactis is reported, but is inefficient due to incorrect disulfide formation, which is crucial for achieving the final protein structure and stability. Protein disulfide bond formation requires protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and Erolp. Here, we overexpressed KIPDI in K. lactis or treated the cells with dithiothreitol to overexpress KIEROI and improve brazzein secretion. KIPDI and KIERO1 overexpression independently increased brazzein secretion in K. lactis by 1.7-2.2- and 1.3-1.6-fold, respectively. Simultaneous overexpression of KlPDI and KlERO1 accelerated des-pE1M-brazzein secretion by approximately 2.6-fold compared to the previous system. Moreover, intracellular misfolded/unfolded recombinant des-pE1M-brazzein was significantly decreased. In conclusion, increased KlPDI and KIEROI expression favors brazzein secretion, suggesting that correct protein folding may be crucial to brazzein secretion in K. lactis.</P>
The structure of equalizers based on quantized sample space with non-linear MMSE
Kong, Hyung-Yun The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 1999 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.24 No.6
In this paper, were introduce two types of equalizers, called equalizer-a and equalizer-b, applying to wireless communications having unknown channel characteristics. The equalizer-a, which has the single sample detector with equalizer system, is developed while the equalizer-b has the partition detectors with the same system used in equalizer-a. The methodologiy we adopt for designing the equalizers is that the sample space is partitioned into finite number of regions by using quantiles, which are estimated by robbins-monro stochastic approximation (RMSA) algorithm, and the coefficients of equalizers are calculated based on nonlinear minimum mean, square error (MMSE) algorithm. Through the computer simulation, the equalizers show much better performance in equiprobably partitioned sample subspaces of observations than the single sample detector and the detector, which has the conventional equalizer, in unquantized observation space under various noise environments.
Osteoprotegerin-Ligand in osteoporosis, arthritis, and mammary gland development
Kong, Young-Yun,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Yoon, Mi-Jeong,Josef M. Penninger 이화여자대학교 세포신호전달연구센터 2001 고사리 세포신호전달 심포지움 Vol. No.3
The morphogenesis and remodelling of bone requires the synthesis of bone matrix by osteoblasts and its coordinated resorption by osteoclasts. The TNF family molecule Osteoprotegerin-ligand(OPGL; also known as ODF, TRANCE, and RANKL) is a key factor stimulating the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, and is therefore essential for bone remodelling and calcium mobilization from the bones. Inactivation of the opgl gene in mice results in a complete block in osteoclast development that leads to severe osteopetrosis and a failure in tooth eruption. OPGL exerts its effects on osteoclasts by binding to the TNFR family receptor RANK(receptor activator of NFkB). Osteoprotegerin(OPG) acts as a soluble decoy receptor and competes with RANK for binding to OPGL. The balance between OPGL and OPG levels determines osteoclast activation, skeletal calcium release, and bone remodelling. Abnormalities in the OPGL/RANK/OPG system lead to the increased bone resorption that underlies the bone damage of postmenopausal osteoporosis, Paget's disease, bone loss in metastatic cancers and crippling rheumatoid arthritis. In mammals, calcium transport from the mother to the fetus and neonates is a vital process to preserve the species. Mothers meet the increased requirements for calcium during pregnancy and lactation by doubling their intestinal calcium absorption and demineralizing their skeletons via activation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Recently we demonstrated that OPGL and RANK, the master regulators of skeletal calcium release, are essential for the formation of the lactating mammary gland, the organ required for transmission of maternal calcium to neonates in mammalian species. Moreover, we found that pregnancy hormones induce OPGL expression in mammary epithelial cells and milk protein genes, β-casein and whey acidic protein, are induced by OPGL through C/EBPβ transcriptional factor, thus a mechanism independent of STAT5.
Partial Purification and Characterization of a Glycoprotein Factor from Fresh Ginseng
Kong, Yun-Cheung,Fong, Wing-Ping,Song, Myung-Eun,Ng, Kam-Hung,Ho, Dan-Dan,Ng, Ping-Chung The Korean Society of Ginseng 1990 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.14 No.2
The aqueous extract of fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) contains a macromolecular fraction that showed mitogenic and co-mitogenic activities in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Purification of the crude extract by size (ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-200) and charge (DEAE-cellulose, DEAE-Sepharose) yielded a semi.purified fraction (DS-3). This fraction contains at least three subgroups of anionic macromolecules with apparent molecular weight greater than 600 kilodaltons. It is a glycoprotein with a large amount of glucuronic acid. It acts as a mitogen in both T and B cells of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. It could also potentiate the mitogenic action of Concanavalin A in lymphocyte T cells. Such potentiation is not due to increased binding of Concanavalin A to the cell surface. Its mitogenic and co-mitogenic effects do depend on the presence of extracellular Ca2+.
Kong Hyung-Yun,Khuong Ho-Van The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2006 Journal of communications and networks Vol.8 No.3
This paper studies theoretically the bit error rate (BER) performance of cooperative transmission using space-time block code (STBC) in a fully distributed manner. Specifically, we first propose a STBC-based cooperative signaling structure to make the cooperation of three single-antenna terminals possible. Then, we derive the closed-form BER expressions for both cooperation and noncooperation schemes under flat Rayleigh fading channel plus additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The validity of these expressions is verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. A variety of numerical and simulation results reveal that the cooperative transmission achieves higher diversity gain and better performance than the direct transmission for the same total transmit power.