Assessing physical activity for frail elderly living in the community

YueLin Li,Ahyun Ryu,Xing Fan,Jisu Seo,Kyoungok Joo,Moonkyoung Park,Rhayun Song 한국성인간호학회 2021 성인간호학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.8

Background: Physical activity (PA) measurement for the frail elderly is essential, yet existing assessment tools are difficult t apply for this population. Objective methods of monitoring PA would be accurate, but costly and limited to a small number of participants. Subjective methods of measuring PA among the elderly often lead to less reliable information, especially among frail elderly. The newly developed Assessment of Physical activity in Frail Older People (APAFOP) focuses on items that have different intensity ratings and better represent typical forms of activity in frail elderly, and closely guarded the occurrence of system error through prevents floor and ceiling effects, which other measurements failed in this regard. Aim(s): The purposes of this study were to translate and validate the APAFOP scale into Korean and Chinese and to find the adaptability of the tool through preliminary research in a sample of frail elderly living in the community. Method(s): The APAFOP was translated into Korean and Chinese versions based on the established guideline for cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures from Beaton et al. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance W was used to assess the consistency of activity scores between the translated version and the original English version. Result(s): The initial version of APAFOP applied to the sample of frail elderly with translated versions showed a consistency W=0.912 (c2= 9.118, R=0.104) for the Chinese version and W=0.362 (c2=3.261, R=0.660) for the Korean version. The following adjustments were suggested for translated version to improve the consistency: (1) the definition of related activities is required to be more specific, (2) the time line of previous 24 hours should be strictly regulated, (3) a user manual was required to the translated versions to help researchers understand and apply the scale with the standardized protocol. Conclusion(s): This preliminary study was conducted for the first validation and adaptation of the APAFOP in the Korean and Chinese settings and found that the translated version revealed the potential applicability as the modified objective measure of PA among frail elderly living in the community. The further process of cultural adaptation of the APAFOP would be warranted to compare the scale with current objective measures (e.g., pedometer) to establish criterion valigity.

Mitigation Effect of Waste Glass Powders on Alkali–Silica Reaction (ASR) Expansion in Cementitious Composite

Guojun Ke,Wengui Li,Ruyi Li,Yuelin Li,George Wang 한국콘크리트학회 2018 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.12 No.7

The effects of different contents and particle sizes of waste glass powder on alkali–silica reaction (ASR) expansion of cementitious composite bar were investigated in this study. Waste glass powder with particle size less than 300 ㎛ exhibits an excellent mitigation effect on ASR expansion. With larger content and smaller particle size, the mitigation effect of waste glass powder on ASR expansion gradually increases. The mitigation effect of waste glass powder with particle size ranging from 38 to 53 ㎛ and 20% by weight of cement seems relatively better than that of fly ash. When the waste glass powder content reaches 30%, the mitigation effect is still effective and almost the same as that of fly ash. However, the waste glass powder with particle size larger than 300 ㎛ presents negative mitigation effect on ASR expansion when the replacement rate is larger than 30%. On the other hand, the waste glass powder and calcium hydroxide (CH) further react, and produce more calcium–silicate–hydrate gels, which apparently reduce the amount of CH. Moreover, the increasing content of waste glass powder results in a lower pH value in the pore solution of cementitious composite.

Relationship of Cognitive Function and Social Activity Participation Among Frail Older Adults: Moderating Effects of Social Support

Nayoung Kim,YueLin Li,Rhayun Song 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Physical and cognitive functioning to explain the quality of life among older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Xing Fan,Jisu Seo,YueLin Li,Ahyun Ryu,Kyoungok Joo,Moonkyoung Park,Rhayun Song 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): Physical and cognitive functioning are both indicators of aging process. Older adults experience abnormal declines in physical and cognitive functioning that increase their risk of dependence, subsequently quality of life. This study aims to explore the relationship between physical and cognitive functioning, and mediation effect of cognitive functioning on the relationship of physical functioning and health-related quality of life among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Method(s): Seventy-nine older adults living in community participated in the study. Measurements included the self-reported questionnaire for physical functioning consisted of grip strength, one leg standing with eyes open (balance), and Timed Up and Go (mobility). Cognitive functioning was measured by Korean version of MOCA. SF-12 was used to assess physical and psychological components of quality of life (QOL). Data were using multiple regression and a simple mediation model applying the PROCESS macro for mediation. Result(s): Physical functioning explained 14.5% of variance in cognitive functioning. Physical and cognitive functioning together explained 22.4% of variance in physical component of QOL, 18.7% of variance in mental component of QOL. Indicators of physical functioning significantly related with cognitive functioning with balance (B=0.41, p=.02). Cognitive functioning had significant indirect effects B= 0.19, 95%CI (.491~.008) between balance and physical component of QOL, while the indirect effects was not significant with mental component of QOL (B=0.06, 95%CI -.107~0.332). Conclusion(s): The findings showed cognitive functioning had a significant mediating effects between the physical functioning and physical components of QOL. These findings have suggested that nursing intervention to improve physical functioning such as balance, mobility and grip strength may also improve cognitive functioning, consequently improving physical component of QOL for older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Further studies are warranted to explore the effects of health promotion programs designed to enhance physical and cognitive functioning in this population.

Study on the Pressure-Volume-Temperature Properties of Polypropylene at Various Cooling and Shear Rates

Pengcheng Xie,Huaguang Yang,Tianze Cai,Zheng Li,Yuelin Li,Weimin Yang 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.2

To understand the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) properties of polymer in injection process, a dilatometer with high cooling rate (up to 25 oC/s) and shear rate (up to 320 s-1) was developed. The working pressure and temperature of the dilatometer range from 0 to 100 MPa, and from 30 to 300 oC, respectively. With this instrument, a crystalline polymer polypropylene (PP) was employed to study the effects of cooling rate, shear rate, pressure and their coupling effect on its PVT properties. It was demonstrated that the cooling rate showed a significant effect on the PVT properties. With the increase of cooling rate, the transition temperature of PP from melt state to crystallization decreases gradually and the temperature range of crystallization was also extended. Shear increased the transition temperature of PP from melt state to crystallization. Meanwhile, the initial temperature of shear and crystalline segment was shifted to a higher temperature region with increasing shear duration or shear rate. Above the transition temperature, the effect of shear on the PVT properties weakened gradually with increasing the initial temperature. The coupling analysis of cooling and shear processes showed that increase in cooling rate was enhanced the effect of shear on the transition temperature of PP from melt state to crystallization.

Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Characterization of Novel Protease- Resistant α-Galactosidase from New Sphingomonas Strain

( Jun Pei Zhou ),( Yan Yan Dong ),( Jun Jun Li ),( Rui Zhang ),( Xianghua Tang ),( Yuelin Mu ),( Bo Xu ),( Qian Wu ),( Zun Xi Huang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.11

The α-galactosidase-coding gene agaAJB13 was cloned from Sphingomonas sp. JB13 showing 16S rDNA (1,343 bp) identities of ≤97.2% with other identified Sphingomonas strains. agaAJB13 (2,217 bp; 64.9% GC content) encodes a 738-residue polypeptide (AgaAJB13) with a calculated mass of 82.3 kDa. AgaAJB13 showed the highest identity of 61.4% with the putative glycosyl hydrolase family 36 α-galactosidase from Granulicella mallensis MP5ACTX8 (EFI56085). AgaAJB13 also showed <37% identities with reported protease-resistant or Sphingomonas α-galactosidases. A sequence analysis revealed different catalytic motifs between reported Sphingomonas α-galactosidases (KXD and RXXXD) and AgaAJB13 (KWD and SDXXDXXXR). Recombinant AgaAJB13 (rAgaAJB13) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The purified rAgaAJB13 was characterized using p-nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranoside as the substrate and showed an apparent optimum at pH 5.0 and 60oC and strong resistance to trypsin and proteinase K digestion. Compared with reported proteaseresistant α-galactosidases showing thermolability at 50oC or 60oC and specific activities of <71 U/mg with or without protease treatments, rAgaAJB13 exhibited a better thermal stability (half-life of >60 min at 60oC) and higher specific activities (225.0-256.5 U/mg). These sequence and enzymatic properties suggest AgaAJB13 is the first identified and characterized Sphingomonas α-galactosidase, and shows novel protease resistance with a potential value for basic research and industrial applications.

Identification and Characterization of a New Alkaline SGNH Hydrolase from a Thermophilic Bacterium Bacillus sp. K91

( Tingting Yu ),( Junmei Ding ),( Qingxia Zheng ),( Nanyu Han ),( Jialin Yu ),( Yunjuan Yang ),( Junjun Li ),( Yuelin Mu ),( Qian Wu ),( Zunxi Huang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.4

est19 is a gene from Bacillus sp. K91 that encodes a new esterase. A comparison of the amino acid sequence showed that Est19 has typical Ser-Gly-Asn-His (SGNH) family motifs and could be grouped into the SGNH hydrolase family. The Est19 protein was functionally cloned, and expressed and purified from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The enzyme activity was optimal at 60°C and pH 9.0, and displayed esterase activity towards esters with short-chain acyl esters (C2-C6). A structural model of Est19 was constructed using phospholipase A1 from Streptomyces albidoflavus NA297 as a template. The structure showed an α/β-hydrolase fold and indicated the presence of the typical catalytic triad Ser49-Asp227-His230, which were further investigated by site-directed mutagenesis. To the best of our knowledge, Est19 is a new member of the SGNH hydrolase family identified from thermophiles, which may be applicable in the industrial production of semisynthetic β-lactam antibiotics after modification.

Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ transients, and contractility but not hERG K+ channels

Yue Lin,Yuanyuan Zhang,Qiongtao Song,Tao Song,Xue Han,Ying Zhang,Xuan Zhang,Xi Chu,Fenghua Zhang,Li Chu,Jianping Zhang 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.10

To explore the cardiovascular protective effectsof Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MI), especially theunderlying cellular mechanisms related to L-type calciumchannels and myocardial contractility, and to examine theeffects of MI on hERG K? current expressed in HEK293cells. We used the whole-cell patch clamp technique,video-based edge detection and dual excitation fluorescencephotomultiplier systems to explore the effect of MIon L-type Ca2? currents (ICa-L) and cell contraction in ratcardiomyocytes. We also examined the rapidly activatingdelayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) expressed inHEK293 cells using a perforated patch clamp. MI inhibitedICa-L in a dose-dependent manner, with a half-maximalinhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.22 mg/ml, and themaximal inhibitory effect was 61.10 ± 0.59%. MI at aconcentration of 0.3 mg/ml reduced cell shortening by24.12 ± 3.97% and the peak value of the Ca2? transient by36.54 ± 4.96%. MI had no significant influence on hERGK? channels expressed in HEK293 cells at all testpotentials. MI exerts protective effects on the heart via theinhibition of ICa-L and cell shortening in rat cardiomyocytes. However, MI had no significant influence on IKr;thus, MI may exert cardioprotective effects without causingdrug-induced long QT syndrome.