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Factors Related to Treatment Refusal in Taiwanese Cancer Patients
Chiang, Ting-Yu,Wang, Chao-Hui,Lin, Yu-Fen,Chou, Shu-Lan,Wang, Ching-Ting,Juang, Hsiao-Ting,Lin, Yung-Chang,Lin, Mei-Hsiang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8
Background: Incidence and mortality rates for cancer have increased dramatically in the recent 30 years in Taiwan. However, not all patients receive treatment. Treatment refusal might impair patient survival and life quality. In order to improve this situation, we proposed this study to evaluate factors that are related to refusal of treatment in cancer patients via a cancer case manager system. Materials and Methods: This study analysed data from a case management system during the period from 2010 to 2012 at a medical center in Northern Taiwan. We enrolled a total of 14,974 patients who were diagnosed with cancer. Using the PRECEDE Model as a framework, we conducted logistic regression analysis to identify independent variables that are significantly associated with refusal of therapy in cancer patients. A multivariate logistic regression model was also applied to estimate adjusted the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: A total of 253 patients (1.69%) refused treatment. The multivariate logistic regression result showed that the high risk factors for refusal of treatment in cancer patient included: concerns about adverse effects (p<0.001), poor performance(p<0.001), changes in medical condition (p<0.001), timing of case manager contact (p=.026), the methods by which case manager contact patients (p<0.001) and the frequency that case managers contact patients (${\geq}10times$) (p=0.016). Conclusions: Cancer patients who refuse treatment have poor survival. The present study provides evidence of factors that are related to refusal of therapy and might be helpful for further application and improvement of cancer care.
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Hui Sun,Qing Chang,Ya-Shu Liu,Yu-Ting Jiang,Ting-Ting Gong,Xiao-Xin Ma,Yu-Hong Zhao,Qi-Jun Wu 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.1
Purpose The evidence of adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and endometrial cancer (EC) risk has been limited and controversial. This study summarizes and quantifies the relationship between adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and EC risk. Materials and Methods The online databases PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for relevant publications up to June 2, 2020. This study had been registered at PROSPERO. The registration number is CRD42020149966. Study quality evaluation was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The I2 statistic was used to estimate heterogeneity among studies. Egger’s and Begg’s tests assessed potential publication bias. Summary hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confi dence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between adherence to cancer prevention guidelines score was assigned to participants by summarizing individual scores for each lifestyle-related factor. The scores ranged from least healthy (0) to most healthy (20) and the EC risk was calculated using a random-effects model. Results Five prospective studies (four cohort studies and one case‑cohort study) consisted of 4,470 EC cases, where 597,047 participants were included. Four studies had a low bias risk and one study had a high bias risk. Summary EC HR for the highest vs. lowest score of adherence to cancer prevention guidelines was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.73) and had a high heterogeneity (I2=86.1%). For the dose-response analysis, an increment of 1 significantly reduced the risk of EC by 6%. No signifi cant publication bias was detected. Conclusion This study suggested that adherence to cancer prevention guidelines was negatively related to EC risk.
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The Quantitative Evaluation of Automatic Segmentation in Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Images
Yao-Wen Liang,Yu-Ting Fang,Ting-Chun Lin,Cheng-Ru Yang,Chih-Chang Chang,Hsuan-Kan Chang,Chin-Chu Ko,Tsung-Hsi Tu,Li-Yu Fay,Jau-Ching Wu,Wen-Cheng Huang,Hsiang-Wei Hu,You-Yin Chen,Chao-Hung Kuo 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.2
Objective: This study aims to overcome challenges in lumbar spine imaging, particularly lumbar spinal stenosis, by developing an automated segmentation model using advanced techniques. Traditional manual measurement and lesion detection methods are limited by subjectivity and inefficiency. The objective is to create an accurate and automated segmentation model that identifies anatomical structures in lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging scans. Methods: Leveraging a dataset of 539 lumbar spinal stenosis patients, the study utilizes the residual U-Net for semantic segmentation in sagittal and axial lumbar spine magnetic resonance images. The model, trained to recognize specific tissue categories, employs a geometry algorithm for anatomical structure quantification. Validation metrics, like Intersection over Union (IOU) and Dice coefficients, validate the residual U-Net’s segmentation accuracy. A novel rotation matrix approach is introduced for detecting bulging discs, assessing dural sac compression, and measuring yellow ligament thickness. Results: The residual U-Net achieves high precision in segmenting lumbar spine structures, with mean IOU values ranging from 0.82 to 0.93 across various tissue categories and views. The automated quantification system provides measurements for intervertebral disc dimensions, dural sac diameter, yellow ligament thickness, and disc hydration. Consistency between training and testing datasets assures the robustness of automated measurements. Conclusion: Automated lumbar spine segmentation with residual U-Net and deep learning exhibits high precision in identifying anatomical structures, facilitating efficient quantification in lumbar spinal stenosis cases. The introduction of a rotation matrix enhances lesion detection, promising improved diagnostic accuracy, and supporting treatment decisions for lumbar spinal stenosis patients.
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Ting Dai,Chang Li,Ning Wang,Li Yu,Meng Zhang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-
Fenton-like catalysts have sparked enormous interest from academic to industrial fields because of theirexcellent degradability and offered a promising platform for the effective treatment of wastewater. However, it remains a grand challenge to balance their catalytic performance and corrosion resistancefor industrial application. To address this issue, we report Cr and C dual-doped photo-enhancedFenton-like catalysts (Cr, C-FeSiB) in which Cr functions as a corrosion inhibitor to improve recycling performanceand C acts as an electron transfer accelerator to raise the cycle efficiency of iron ions duringcomplex Fenton-like reactions. Moreover, we design a low energy-consumption magnetic-suspensionlikereactor in which Fenton-like catalysts can work as micro-scaled stirrers to enhance the mass transferefficiency during the Fenton-like reactions owing to their soft magnetic property.
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Cooperative Learning in Small EFL Early Reading Groups
( Yu Ju Lan ),( Kuo En Chang ),( Yao Ting Sung ) 범태평양 응용언어학회 2005 Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Ling Vol.9 No.2
The purpose of this study is to explore the interactive behaviors and intra-group discourse in a cooperative reading group when students were asked to do meaning-based reading tasks with their group mates cooperatively. The subjects were 52 third graders from an elementary school of Taipei, Taiwan. For ten weeks, both video and audio data were collected. Based on the finding of qualitative data analysis, we found four main types of group interactive behavior which we called Ardent, Be-forced, Supervisory, and Wait-on. According to the intra-group discourse, we also found that peer-assisted learning existed in cooperative reading groups and most of the peer discourse provided essential scaffolding, modeling, and direct instruction dialogs that help children with lower reading abilities do meaning-based reading.
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Chang Chun Chen,Nan Ye,ChuanFu YU,Ting FAN 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2014 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.15 No.2
ZnO nanorods were grown on glass substrates coated by an Al-doped ZnO seed layer via a simple solvothermal method using zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2 • 2H2O) and Hexamethylenetetramine (C6H12N4) reagent. The structure, morphology and optical properties of these ZnO nanorods dependence on the molar ratio of Zn(CH3COO)2 • 2H2O to C6H12N4 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometry (UV-vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectrometry, respectively. The XRD patterns indicated that all the ZnO nanorods were well-faceted hexagonal structures and preferentially grown along the c-axis. As the molar ratio of Zn(CH3COO)2 • 2H2O to C6H12N4 decreasing from 2.5 to 0.25, the crystallinity of ZnO nanorods synthesized gradually became inferior and the width of ZnO nanorods also decreased. The blue-shifts of UV emission excited from ZnO nanorods probably arised from the decreased size of ZnO nanorods.
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Chang, Chih-Chun,Sun, Jen-Tang,Chen, Jing-Yuan,Chen, Yi-Ting,Li, Pei-Yu,Lee, Tai-Chen,Su, Ming-Jang,Wu, Jiann-Ming,Yen, Tzung-Hai,Chu, Fang-Yeh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3
Background: Potential disadvantages of blood transfusion during curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer have been reported, and the role of peri-operative transfusions remains to be ascertained. Thus, the aim of our study was to survey its impact in patients with gastric cancer undergoinging gastrectomy. Materials and Methods: Clinical data of patients receiving curative gastrectomy at Far Eastern Memorial Hospital were obtained. Findings for pre-operative anemia states, pre-, peri- and post-operative transfusion of red blood cell (RBC) products as well as post-operative complication events were collected for univariate analysis. Results: A total of 116 patients with gastric cancer received gastrectomy at Far Eastern Memorial Hospital from 2011 to 2014. Both pre-operative and intra- and post-operative transfusion of RBC products were markedly associated with post-operative infectious events (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 1.43-9.58, P=0.002; OR: 8.20, 95% CI: 3.11-22.62, P<0.001, respectively). In addition, peri- and post-operative RBC transfusion was significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay from admission to discharge (OR: 8.66, 95% CI: 1.73-83.00, P=0.002) and post-operative acute renal failure (OR: 19.69, 95% CI: 2.66-854.56, P<0.001). Also, the overall survival was seemingly decreased by peri-operative RBC transfusion in our gastric cancer cases (P=0.078). Conclusions: Our survey indicated that peri-operative RBC transfusion could increase the risk of infectious events and acute renal failure post curative gastrectomy as well as worsen the overall survival in gastric cancer cases. Hence, unnecessary blood transfusion before, during and after curative gastrectomy should be avoided in patients with gastric cancer.
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Expression in Escherichia coli of a Putative Human Acetohydroxyacid Synthase
Chang,Soo-Ik,Kartikasari,Apriliana E.R.,Wunsch,Rebecca M.,Lee,Yu-Ting,Kil,Mee-Wha,Shin,Ju-Young,Duggleby,Ronald G. The Korea Science and Technology Center 2000 BMB Reports Vol.33 No.3
A human gene has been reported that may encode the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase. Previously this enzyme was thought to be absent from animals although it is present in plants and many microorganisms. In plants, this enzyme is the target of a number of commercial herbicides and the use of these compounds may need to be reassessed if the human enzyme exists and proves to be susceptible to inhibition. Here we report the construction of several plasmid vectors containing the cDNA sequence for this protein, and their expression in Escherichia coli. High levels of expression were observed, but most of the protein proved to be insoluble. The small amounts of soluble protein contained little or no acetohydroxyacid synthase activity. Attempt to refold the insoluble protein were successful insofar as the protein became soluble. However, the refolded protein did not gain any acetohydroxyacid synthase activity. In vivo complementation tests of an E. coli mutant produced no evidence that the protein is active. Incorrect folding, or the lack of another subunit, may explain the data but we favor the interpretation that this gene does not encode an acetohydroxyacid synthase.
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