Unbiased Sunlight-Driven Artificial Photosynthesis of Carbon Monoxide from CO₂ Using a ZnTe-Based Photocathode and a Perovskite Solar Cell in Tandem

Jang, Youn Jeong,Jeong, Inyoung,Lee, Jaehyuk,Lee, Jinwoo,Ko, Min Jae,Lee, Jae Sung American Chemical Society 2016 ACS NANO Vol.10 No.7

<P>Solar fuel production, mimicking natural photosynthesis of converting CO2 into useful fuels and storing solar energy as chemical energy, has received great attention in recent years. Practical large-scale fuel production needs a unique device capable of CO2 reduction using only solar energy and water as an electron source. Here we report such a system composed of a gold-decorated triple-layered ZnO@ZnTe@CdTe core-shell nanorod array photocathode and a CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell in tandem. The assembly allows effective light harvesting of higher energy photons (>2.14 eV) from the front-side photocathode and lower energy photons (>1.5 eV) from the back-side-positioned perovskite solar cell in a single-photon excitation. This system represents an example of a photocathode-photovoltaic tandem device operating under sunlight without external bias for selective CO2 conversion. It exhibited a steady solar-to-CO conversion efficiency over 0.35% and a solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency exceeding 0.43% including H-2 as a minor product.</P>

보험설계사의 셀프리더십과 경력만족의 관계에서 조직지원인식 조절효과 연구

조인영 ( Inyoung Cho ),윤천성 ( Chunsung Youn ) 사단법인 아시아문화학술원 2020 인문사회 21 Vol.11 No.3

본 연구는 인천지역 보험설계사(GA)를 대상으로 셀프리더십이 경력만족에 미치는 영향과 조직 지원인식의 조절효과에 대해 알아보고자 하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 인천지역 법인대리점 보험설계사를 대상으로 배부된 설문지 230 중 214부가 회수되었으며, 회수된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 Version을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 셀프리더십과 경력만족의 관계에서 조직지원인식이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 보험설계사의 셀프리더십은 조직의 구성원으로서 동기부여를 통해 고객과의 상담에 중요한 영향을 미치는 요인임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 향후 보험설계사의 셀프리더십에 대해 심도 있는 연구를 기대한다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of “Self-leadership” on “Career satisfaction” and the adjustment effect of “organizational support Awareness” on insurance planners in Incheon area. Using 210 questionnaires distributed to insurance planners in Incheon, the analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0 Version. Studies show that self-leadership is a factor that affects career satisfaction and that organizational support recognition affects the relationship between self-leadership and career satisfaction. As a member of an organization, the self-leadership of an insurance planner is an important factor in the sales operation when faced with a customer by demonstrating his/her own work ability through self-motivation and increasing his/her Based on the results of this study, we look forward to studying the insurance planner’s self-preservation in depth again.

Self-patterning of fine metal electrodes by means of the formation of isolated silver nanoclusters embedded in polyaniline

Shin, Dong-Youn,Kim, Inyoung IOP Pub 2009 Nanotechnology Vol.20 No.41

<P>A novel self-patterning technique, which is not based on surface energy differentiation with low or high surface energy as used in conventional surface energy techniques, is presented, using polyaniline and an organometallic silver compound. The underlying mechanisms used to control the electrical conductivity of the metallic silver converted from the organometallic silver compound by a thermal process are also analysed, with electrical and microstructural characterizations. It is found that polyaniline in conjunction with the organometallic silver compound changes its oxidation state from the conductive emeraldine form to the non-conductive pernigraniline form, and silver nanoclusters in the presence of polyaniline do not form a continuous conductive network, although the sheet resistance of silver nanoclusters in the absence of polyaniline is as low as <img SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0957-4484/20/41/415301/nano323352ieqn1.gif' ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='4.27\pm 0.12~\Omega / \square '/> at the curing temperature of 230 °C. By means of these chemical and physical traits of polyaniline and the organometallic silver compound, alternating conductive and non-conductive stripes were self-patterned without the aid of surface energy patterning techniques, the linewidth and nominal pitch of which went down to 23.2 ± 0.7 µm and 40 µm, respectively. </P>

Kruppel-like factor 4 attenuates osteoblast formation, function, and cross talk with osteoclasts

Kim, Jung Ha,Kim, Kabsun,Youn, Bang Ung,Lee, Jongwon,Kim, Inyoung,Shin, Hong-In,Akiyama, Haruhiko,Choi, Yongwon,Kim, Nacksung The Rockefeller University Press 2014 The Journal of cell biology Vol.204 No.6

<P>KLF4 controls bone homeostasis by negatively regulating both osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation.</P>

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a fixed-dose combination of gemigliptin/metformin sustained release 25/500 mg compared to the loose combination in healthy male subjects

Xuanyou Jin,Eunwoo Kim,Ki Young Huh,Inyoung Hwang,Joo-Youn Cho,Kyung-Sang Yu,이승환 대한임상약리학회 2020 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.28 No.1

A fixed-dose combination (FDC) of gemigliptin/metformin can improve the medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of gemigliptin and metformin were compared between FDC and the corresponding loose combination under fasted and fed states. A two-part, randomized, open label, single-dose, two-way crossover study was conducted in healthy male subjects. Under fasted (part 1) or fed (part 2) state, 2 FDC tablets of gemigliptin/ metformin sustained release (SR) 25/500 mg or loose combination with one tablet of gemigliptin 50 mg and two tablets of metformin extended release (XR) 500 mg were orally administered in each period with a 7-day washout. Serial blood samples were collected up to 48 hours to determine the drug concentration and the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) activity. The concentration-time profiles of gemigliptin and metformin were similar between FDC and loose combination in both the fasted and fed states. Geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals of FDC to loose combination for area under the concentration-time curve and maximum plasma concentration of gemigliptin and metformin were within the bioequivalence range (0.8–1.25) in both states. DPP-4 activity-time profiles of FDC were comparable to that of the loose combination, showing similar area under the DPP-4 inhibition-time curve and maximum DPP-4 inhibition between FDC and loose combination, regardless of the fasted or fed state. In conclusion, the PK/PD characteristics of gemigliptin and metformin were similar in FDC tablets and loose combination both in fasted and fed states.

Unenhanced Breast MRI With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection: Effects of Training on Performance and Agreement of Subspecialty Radiologists

Kim Yeon Soo,Lee Su Hyun,Kim Soo-Yeon,Kim Eun Sil,Park Ah Reum,Chang Jung Min,Park Vivian Youngjean,Yoon Jung Hyun,Kang Bong Joo,Yun Bo La,Kim Tae Hee,Ko Eun Sook,Chu A Jung,Kim Jin You,Youn Inyoung,C 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.1

Objective: To investigate whether reader training improves the performance and agreement of radiologists in interpreting unenhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Materials and Methods: A study of 96 breasts (35 cancers, 24 benign, and 37 negative) in 48 asymptomatic women was performed between June 2019 and October 2020. High-resolution DWI with b-values of 0, 800, and 1200 sec/mm2 was performed using a 3.0-T system. Sixteen breast radiologists independently reviewed the DWI, apparent diffusion coefficient maps, and T1-weighted MRI scans and recorded the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category for each breast. After a 2-h training session and a 5-month washout period, they re-evaluated the BI-RADS categories. A BI-RADS category of 4 (lesions with at least two suspicious criteria) or 5 (more than two suspicious criteria) was considered positive. The per-breast diagnostic performance of each reader was compared between the first and second reviews. Inter-reader agreement was evaluated using a multi-rater κ analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Before training, the mean sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the 16 readers were 70.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.4–79.9), 90.8% (95% CI: 85.6–94.2), and 83.5% (95% CI: 78.6–87.4), respectively. After training, significant improvements in specificity (95.2%; 95% CI: 90.8–97.5; P = 0.001) and accuracy (85.9%; 95% CI: 80.9–89.8; P = 0.01) were observed, but no difference in sensitivity (69.8%; 95% CI: 58.1–79.4; P = 0.58) was observed. Regarding inter-diffusionreader agreement, the κ values were 0.57 (95% CI: 0.52–0.63) before training and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.62–0.74) after training, with a difference of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.02–0.18; P = 0.01). The ICC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69–0.74) before training and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76–0.80) after training (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Brief reader training improved the performance and agreement of interpretations by breast radiologists using unenhanced MRI with DWI.