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文姬子,金潤喜,趙潔子,趙美映,姜賢淑 慶熙大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.11 No.-
The changes of social issues and nursing concepts require the expansion of nursing needs and nursing role, therefore it is keenly demanded the necessity of the research for new curriculum development in nursing. So to make a contribution to the development of nursing education in Korea, we made a comparative study of nursing curriculum of each universities which have baccalaureate program and put them into operation at present; they are 10 Korean universities, 5 American universities and 4 Japanese Universities. Thus by researching the differences among them. We acquired the conclusions as followings. The purpose of Nursing education In case of Korean parts, the contents of those aims must be explained more clearly and more in detail than another results of research. There also has to be made the statements upon the scientific researching methodology in scholarly respect, or the self-development in individual respect, or the lasting endeavour for studies in professional respect. We must put an emphasis upon the statement and education of the direct nursing provider, or the primary health care manager at hospital and community, who is one of the important aims of modern nursing education. The substance of nursing curriculum. 1) Total credits for completion and the comparison of curriculums, classified by the field. The scope of total credits of each nation, according to Colleges ranges; Korea: 140-163, U.S.A.: 121-187, Japan: 13-158 Compared with those of U.S.A. and Japan, the average credits of Korea is higher. Classified by the field, the credits alloted to major courses are 73.3% and liberal courses, only 26%, which shows that it does not satisfy the current educational trend that emphasizes the liberal course. 2) The comparison of curriculums, classified by a school year. In case of Korea, the total credits are evenly assigned to all grades, but the freshman taken the concentration of liberal courses (81.2%). Among the major courses are preponderant the Nursing Supportive subjects in the sophomore and the nursing major ones in the junior and senior. 3) Curriculums classified by the subject. (1) As compared with those of Japan and U.S.A. Korean students are less free in chosing subjects their own way all over the curriculums. It is, therefore, required that the range of the optionals be widened for the open and flexible education. (2) We can find all of three nations (Korea, Japan, U.S.A.) neglect the sphere of the behavioral sciences among the fundamental nursing subjects. In the field of social sciences, among Korea, Japan, and U.S.A., top ranks Japan that tends of the interested in social well-being. In Korea only two universities have this subjects. (3) Nursing major subjects. Defficulties in comparing them lie in the gulfs of the title of subjects, and the structural differences of the formation of curriculums among nations. In case of Korea, although there are a few differences of the number of credit of subjects among colleges, she has uniform aspects for U.S.A., which says that there are no characteristics and self-control each colleges has in Korea. We can notice that the subjects each Korean university shares are also doubled with those of the national examination for nursing qualification. Japan differs from Korea in that subjects are more differentiated and students are provided with more chances to make a choice through the system of subjects and the texture of a curriculum are similar to those of Korea. In case of Korea, therefore, the unification of fundamental subjects (especially in the medical field) and clinical practices is required. (4) The course for teaching profession is taken as either the required or optional just in Korea (80%) and Japan (75%). The number of subjects and total credits of teaching courses is different according to the colleges of Korea and Japan. As for the contents of subjects Korea deals with theory and Japan, the practical thing with which students can adjust themselves to the spot of society. As a result of that, in case of Korea, demanded are the entire review and research upon the purpose of establishing a curriculum, its relation to the total credits and the choice of substance of subjects etc. 4) The patterns of organization in curriculum development. Most of the patterns of organization, classified by clinic subject pivot upon disease and subjests are not mutually unified in case of Korea and Japan. Though the patterns of organization of subjects if formally unified, that of curriculums is not substantially or wholy synthesized, while in case of U.S.A. the unification of the patterns of organization entire curriculum as well as the mutual unification of subjects is attained and each college runs a characteristic curriculum, since the application of nursing theory and the model of a curriculum are different according to college. The prevention of disease, the promoting health and the disease system is patterned, centering around the healthy and their families. Therefore, in case of Korea, it is urgent to unify the curriculum of nursing education for the efficiency of the future oriented nursing education, and it is also imminent to develop the new pattern of a nursing curriculum suited for our own social demand and situation. And we need the continuous studies and search for the method of application in order to development the new curriculum. The comparison of a curriculum with the purpose of nursing education. The substances of subjects are not consistently in accord with the aims of nursing education each college states in Korea, Japan and U.S.A. Especially in case of Korea, the most statements upon the purpose of education are in the social dimension, but the most subjects have the academic dimension. In Korea it is stringent to examine and study the choice of the contents of education in terms of learning, profession, individual and society.
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Intron-derived aberrant splicing of A20 transcript in rheumatoid arthritis.
Yoon, Hyun Kyung,Byun, Hee Sun,Lee, Hyunji,Jeon, Juhee,Lee, Yoonjung,Li, Yuwen,Jin, Eun-Heui,Kim, JaeWoo,Hong, Jang Hee,Kim, Jin Hyun,Seok, Jeong Ho,Kang, Seong Wook,Lee, Won Hyung,Hur, Gang Min Oxford University Press ; Distributed by Mercury I 2013 Rheumatology Vol.52 No.3
<P>Aberrant splicing is one of the most significant components generating functional diversity in many pathological conditions. The objective of this study was to analyse the mutations or aberrant splicing of A20 transcript, the region encompassing the ovarian tumour (OTU) domain [which is functionally important as an inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation] in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from RA patients.</P>
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Kang Il Lee,Suk Wang Yoon,김병남,Heui-Seol Roh 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.2
The theoretical modeling of acoustic wave propagation in cancellous bone is very important in understanding interactions between the acoustic wave and cancellous bone and in improving quantitative ultrasound (QUS) techniques for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. In this study, Biot's theory and a modied Biot-Attenborough (MBA) model are applied to predict the dependences of acoustic characteristics on the frequency and on the porosity in cancellous bone. The phase velocity and the attenuation coecient predicted by both theories are compared with previous in vitro experimental measurements in terms of the mixed wave. Biot's theory successfully predicts the dependences of the phase velocity on the frequency and on the porosity in cancellous bone whereas a signicant discrepancy is observed between the predicted and the measured attenuation coecients. The MBA model is consistent with reported measurements for the dependences of both the phase velocity and the attenuation coecient on the frequency and on the porosity. These results suggest that the MBA model can be usefully employed in the eld of clinical ultrasonic bone assessment.
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Conservation of intronic minisatellite polymorphisms in the SCK1/SHC2 gene of Hominidae
Yoon, Se-Lyun,Jeong, Yunhee,Kim, Heui-Soo,Ahn, Eun-Kyung,Seol, So-Young,Lee, Sang-Yeop,Roh, Yun-Gil,Gim, Jeong-An,Hwang, Spring Yewon,Kang, Tae-Hong,Chung, Jin Woong,Leem, Sun-Hee Springer-Verlag 2014 Genes & Genomics Vol.36 No.3
The neuronally expressed Shc adaptor homolog SCK1/SHC2 gene contains an unusually high number of minisatellites. In humans, twelve different minisatellite sequences are located in introns of SCK1/SHC2 and ten of them are highly polymorphic. Here we used primers developed for humans to screen ten intronic loci of SCK1/SHC2 in chimpanzee and gorilla, and undertook a comprehensive analysis of the genomic sequence to address the evolutionary events driving these variable repeats. All ten loci amplified in chimpanzee and gorilla contained hypervariable and low-variability minisatellites. The human polymorphic locus TR1 was monomorphic in chimpanzee and gorilla, but we detected polymorphic alleles in these apes for the human monomorphic TR7 locus. When we examined the repeat size among these hominoids, there was no consistent variation by length from humans to great apes. In spite of the inconsistent evolutionary dynamics in repeat length variation, exon 16 was highly conserved between humans and great apes. These results suggest that non-coding intronic minisatellites do not show a consistent evolutionary paradigm but evolved with different patterns among each minisatellite locus. These findings provide important insight for minisatellite conservation during hominoid evolution.
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Acoustic Characteristics of Sand Sediment with Circular Cylindrical Pores
Heui-Seol Roh,Suk Wang Yoon,Kang Il Lee 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.2
The acoustic pressure transmission coecient and the phase velocity are experimentally measured as functions of the frequency and the porosity in sand sediment slabs with circular cylindrical pores lled with water and air. They are also theoretically estimated with the modied Biot-Attenborough (MBA) model, which uses a separate treatment of the viscous and the thermal eects in a non-rigid porous medium with water- and air-lled cylindrical pores. In this study, the fast (rst kind) wave and the slow (second kind) wave are not separated in the transmitted signals through a sediment slab without the circular cylindrical pores, but they are separated in the transmitted signals through a sediment slab with pores. Both the phase velocities and the transmission coecients of the fast wave and the slow wave in the sediment slabs with water- and air-lled cylindrical pores are sensitive to the air and the water porosities. It is proposed that the fast and the slow waves have opposite behaviors for several acoustic characteristics. The generalized tortuosity factor and the dynamic shape factor are introduced from the acoustic characteristics of the fast wave. The experimental results show reasonable agreement with the theoretical results estimated with the MBA model. These results suggest the possibility of predicting the acoustic characteristics of a sediment as functions of arbitrary water and air porosities. This study may also be applicable to understanding acoustic wave propagations in a bubbly liquid sediment for underwater applications and in cancellous bone for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
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호박벌 유래 디펜신 유전자의 분자적 특성분석 및 항균 활성
강희윤 ( Heui Yun Kang ),김인우 ( In Woo Kim ),이준하 ( Joon Ha Lee ),권용남 ( Young Nam Kwon ),윤은영 ( Eun Young Yun ),윤형주 ( Hyung Joo Yoon ),김성렬 ( Seong Ryul Kim ),김익수 ( Ik Soo Kim ),황재삼 ( Jae Sam Hwang ) 한국잠사학회 2012 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.50 No.2
Antimicrobial peptides of insects are found and reported as immune defence system against infectious agents. The peptides are produced by fat body cells and thrombocytoids, a blood cell type. Defensin is 38-45 amino acids long and consists of an α-helix linked by a loop to an antiparallel β-sheet. Defensin from a bumblebee, Bombus ignitus, is known to comprise 52 amino acid residues. This peptide consists of two α-helixes; ACAANCLSM and KTNFKDLWDKRF and one β-sheet; GGRCENGVCLCR. We carried out antibacterial activity test by radial diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive), Escherichia coli (Gram negative), Pseudomonas syringae (Gram negative), Candida albicans (fungi), MDRPA, MRSA, and VRE (antimicrobial resistant microbes) with synthetic oligopeptides from Peptron (Daejeon, Korea). The predicted curtailment fragment (GGRCEVCLCR-NH2) for β-sheet had strong antibacterial activity when internal amino acids were removed. But, curtailment fragments (ACAANCLSM-NH2 and TNFKDLWDKR-NH2) of α-helix were not showed antibacterial activity. These synthetic oligopeptides were showed the great activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria.
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Lee, Hyewon,Kang, Jae Myeong,Myung, Woojae,Choi, Junbae,Lee, Chunsoo,Na, Duk L.,Kim, Seong Yoon,Lee, Jae-Hong,Han, Seol-Heui,Choi, Seong Hye,Kim, Sang Yun,Cho, Seong-Jin,Yeon, Byeong Kil,Kim, Doh Kwan Elsevier 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.668 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>There is a growing concern that air pollution, especially those particles <2.5 μm (PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>), could increase the risk of cognitive impairment and mental disorders. However, the relationship between ambient PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> and neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with cognitive impairment is still undetermined. This longitudinal study included 645 pairs of cognitively impaired subjects, who had not changed residence within Seoul, and their caregivers from the Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea study cohort between September 2005 and June 2010 (1763 days). Neuropsychiatric symptoms were measured by the Korean version of the Neuropsychiatry Inventory, and caregiver burden was examined by the Neuropsychiatry Inventory Caregiver Distress Scale at the first and second visits at the outpatient clinic. District-specific PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentrations were constructed over 1 month to 1 year prior to each visit. A log-linear regression using generalized estimating equations to account for repeated measures was used to assess the relationship between PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure and neuropsychiatric symptoms or caregiver burden. Aggravated neuropsychiatric symptoms were associated with exposure to high PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> levels (adjusted percent change: 16.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.0–29.7] per 8.3 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> increase in 1-month moving averages). Increased caregiver burden was associated with high PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposures only in caregivers for patients with Alzheimer's disease (adjusted percent change: 29.0% [95% CI, 8.1–53.9] per 8.3 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> increase in 1-month moving averages). The present results indicate that PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure is associated with aggravated neuropsychiatric symptoms and increased caregiver burden in subjects with cognitive impairment. The findings in this study suggest that the role of air pollution deserves great consideration in the aging population with cognitive impairment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The association between PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure and mental disorders is concerning. </LI> <LI> PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure aggravated neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitively impaired patients. </LI> <LI> Association between PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> exposure and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was high. </LI> <LI> PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> was associated with increased caregiver burden for Alzheimer's patients. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Kim, Young-Won,Yoon, Hyung-Yoon,Seo, Sung Pil,Lee, Sang Keun,Kang, Ho Won,Kim, Won Tae,Bang, Heui Je,Ryu, Dong Hee,Yun, Seok-Joong,Lee, Sang-Cheol,Kim, Wun-Jae,Kim, Yong-June Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 Disease markers Vol.2015 No.-
<P>DNA methylation is the most common and well-characterized epigenetic change in human cancer. Recently, an association between <I>prostate cancer susceptibility candidate</I> (<I>PRAC</I>) methylation and genitourinary cancer was proposed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between <I>PRAC</I> methylation status and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in long-term follow-up primary nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The clinical relevance of <I>PRAC</I> methylation was determined in 136 human bladder specimens (eight normal controls [NCs] and 128 primary NMIBCs) using quantitative pyrosequencing analysis. <I>PRAC</I> methylation was significantly higher in NMIBC patients than in NCs and was significantly associated with higher grade and more advanced stage of cancer. Kaplan-Meier estimates revealed significant difference in tumor recurrence and progression according to <I>PRAC</I> methylation status (both <I>p</I> < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the <I>PRAC</I> methylation status was a strong predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.652; <I>p</I> = 0.012) and progression (HR, 9.531; <I>p</I> = 0.035) of NMIBC. Enhanced methylation status of <I>PRAC</I> was positively associated with a high rate of recurrence and progression in NMIBC patients, suggesting that <I>PRAC</I> methylation may be a promising prognostic marker of NMIBC.</P>
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