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      • Concentric and Spiral Few-Layer Graphene: Growth Driven by Interfacial Nucleation vs Screw Dislocation

        Tay, Roland Yingjie,Park, Hyo Ju,Lin, Jinjun,Ng, Zhi Kai,Jing, Lin,Li, Hongling,Zhu, Minmin,Tsang, Siu Hon,Lee, Zonghoon,Teo, Edwin Hang Tong American Chemical Society 2018 Chemistry of materials Vol.30 No.19

        <P>Spiral growth of various nanomaterials including some two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides had recently been experimentally realized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, such growth that is driven by screw dislocation remained elusive for graphene and is rarely discussed because of the use of metal catalysts. In this work, we show that formation of few-layer graphene (FLG) with a spiral structure driven by screw dislocation can be obtained alongside FLG having a concentric layered structure formed by interfacial nucleation (nucleation at the graphene/Cu interface) using Cu-catalyzed ambient pressure CVD. Unlike commonly reported FLG grown by interfacial nucleation where the second layer is grown independently beneath the first, the growth of a spiral structure adopts a top growth mechanism where the top layers are an extension from the initial monolayer which spirals around an axial dislocation in self-perpetuating steps. Since the same atomic orientation is preserved, the subsequent spiraling layers are stacked in an oriented AB-stacked configuration. This contrasts with FLG formed by interfacial nucleation where turbostratic stacking of the entire adlayer may exist. In both growth scenarios, the second layer (either top or bottom) can grow across the grain boundaries of the initial monolayer domains, forming partial regions with turbostratic stacking configuration due to weak interlayer van der Waals interactions. The unique interlayer coupling of FLG spirals, which enable superior conductivity along the normal of the 2D crystal with spiraling trajectories, are expected to have new and interesting nanoscale applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

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        Luzhong mutton sheep: inbreeding and selection signatures

        Lin Tao,Xiaoyun He,Fengyan Wang,Yingjie Zhong,Linxiang Pan,Xiangyu Wang,Shangquan Gan,Ran Di,Ming-xing Chu 한국축산학회 2020 한국축산학회지 Vol.62 No.6

        Intense artificial selection has been imposed to Luzhong mutton sheep population in the past years. Improvements on growth and reproductive performance are two breeding goals in the present herd. Although some progresses were phenotypically observed possibly due to inbreeding induced by strong selection in terms of these traits, the genomic evaluation was poorly understood. Therefore, a high-density SNP array was used to characterize the pattern of runs of homozygosity (ROH), estimate inbreeding and inbreeding depressions on early growth performance and litter size based upon ROH, and scan positive selection signatures of recent population. Consequently, a low inbreeding level was observed which had negative effects on litter size, but not on early growth performance. And 160 genes were under selection, of which some were reported to be linked to several traits of sheep including body weight, litter size, carcass and meat quality, milk yield and composition, fiber quality and health, and the top genes were associated with growth (growth hormone [GH]- growth hormone receptor [GHR]- Insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF1] axis) and litter size (bone morphogenic proteins [BMPs]-associated). The effectiveness of previous breeding measures was highlighted, but purging selection was proposed to alleviate the inbreeding depression on litter size, providing some genomic insights to breeding management of Luzhong mutton sheep.

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        Probing the Atomic Structures of Synthetic Monolayer and Bilayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride Using Electron Microscopy

        Tay, Roland Yingjie,Lin, Jinjun,Tsang, Siu Hon,McCulloch, Dougal G.,Teo, Edwin Hang Tong Korean Society of Microscopy 2016 Applied microscopy Vol.46 No.4

        Monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a phenomenal two-dimensional material; most of its physical properties rival those of graphene because of their structural similarities. This intriguing material has thus spurred scientists and researchers to develop novel synthetic methods to attain scalability for enabling its practical utilization. When probing the growth behaviors and structural characteristics of h-BN, the use of appropriate characterization techniques is important. In this review, we detail the use of scanning and transmission electron microscopies to investigate the atomic configurations of monolayer and bilayer h-BN grown via chemical vapor deposition. These advanced microscopy techniques have been demonstrated to provide intimate insights to the atomic structures of h-BN, which can be interpreted directly or indirectly using known growth mechanisms and existing theoretical calculations. This review provides a collective understanding of the structural characteristics and defects of synthetic h-BN films and facilitates a better perspective toward the development of new and improved synthesis techniques.

      • KCI등재

        Exchange rate puzzle in New Zealand: New evidence

        Baiding Hu,Yingjie Lin,Paul Dalziel 한양대학교 경제연구소 2019 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Vol.24 No.2

        This paper adopts an event-study approach that utilises a combinationof the asset pricing model of the exchange rate due to Engel and West(2010) and a state space model to examine the impact of monetarypolicy shocks on the change of the New Zealand exchange rate. Wefind evidence to support the “exchange rate puzzle” (ERP) originallycoined by Grilli and Roubini (1995). The ERP in the New Zealandcontext was also found in Wilkinson et al. (2001). Using newer data,the present study is able to account for the role of the recent globalfinancial crisis (GFC) in influencing the nexus between the exchangerate and interest rate. It is found that the GFC had a mediating effecton the ERP, showing the exchange rate responded asymmetrically tomonetary policy shocks.

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