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Jia, Yaoyao,Kim, Jong-Ho,Nam, Bora,Kim, Jiyoung,Lee, Ji Hae,Kim, Kyung Ok,Hwang, Kwang Yeon,Lee, Sung-Joon Humana Press 2015 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.175 No.2
<P>Dipeptides absorbed by the intestinal epithelium are delivered to circulation, but their metabolic roles are not yet clearly understood. We investigated the biological activities of a dietary dipeptide, H-Trp-Arg-OH (WR), on the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha activity. Reporter gene assays revealed that WR dose-dependently induced PPAR alpha transactivation. Surface plasmon resonance experiments demonstrated that WR interacts directly with the PPAR alpha ligand binding domain, and time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer analyses revealed recruitment of a co-activator peptide, fluorescein-PGC1 alpha, to PPAR alpha, confirming the direct binding of WR to PPAR alpha and occurrence of conformational changes. WR induced cellular fatty acid uptake and the expression of PPAR alpha response genes in fatty acid oxidation, thus reducing intracellular triglyceride accumulation in lipid-loaded hepatocytes. In conclusion, the dietary dipeptide WR activates PPAR alpha and reduces hepatic lipid accumulation in lipid-loaded hepatocytes.</P>
An Inductively-Powered Wireless Neural Recording and Stimulation System for Freely-Behaving Animals
Lee, Byunghun,Jia, Yaoyao,Mirbozorgi, S. Abdollah,Connolly, Mark,Tong, Xingyuan,Zeng, Zhaoping,Mahmoudi, Babak,Ghovanloo, Maysam IEEE 2019 IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and syste Vol.13 No.2
<P>An inductively-powered wireless integrated neural recording and stimulation (WINeRS-8) system-on-a-chip (SoC) that is compatible with the EnerCage-HC2 for wireless/battery-less operation has been presented for neuroscience experiments on freely behaving animals. WINeRS-8 includes a 32-ch recording analog front end, a 4-ch current-controlled stimulator, and a 434 MHz <SMALL>on</SMALL>–<SMALL>off</SMALL> keying data link to an external software- defined radio wideband receiver (Rx). The headstage also has a bluetooth low energy link for controlling the SoC. WINeRS-8/EnerCage-HC2 systems form a bidirectional wireless and battery-less neural interface within a standard homecage, which can support longitudinal experiments in an enriched environment. Both systems were verified <I>in vivo</I> on rat animal model, and the recorded signals were compared with hardwired and battery-powered recording results. Realtime stimulation and recording verified the system's potential for bidirectional neural interfacing within the homecage, while continuously delivering 35 mW to the hybrid WINeRS-8 headstage over an unlimited period.</P>
Hoang, Minh-Hien,Jia, Yaoyao,Jun, Hee-jin,Lee, Ji Hae,Lee, Boo Yong,Lee, Sung-Joon American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.60 No.46
<P>Fucosterol, a sterol that is abundant in marine algae, has hypocholesterolemic activity, but the mechanism underlying its effect is not clearly understood. Because data suggest that fucosterol can increase plasma high-density lipoprotein concentrations, we investigated whether it could activate liver X receptors (LXRs), critical transcription factors in reverse cholesterol transport. Fucosterol dose-dependently stimulated the transcriptional activity of both LXR-α and -β in a reporter gene assay, responses that were attenuated by the LXR antagonist As<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. Fucosterol also activated co-activator recruitment in cell-free time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis. In THP-1-derived macrophages, it induced the transcriptional activation of ABCA1, ABCG1, and ApoE, key genes in reverse cholesterol transport, and thereby significantly increased the efflux of cholesterol. Fucosterol also regulated intestinal NPC1L1 and ABCA1 in Caco-2 cells. Notably, fucosterol did not induce cellular triglyceride accumulation in HepG2 cells, primarily because of its upregulation of Insig-2a, which delays nuclear translocation of SREBP-1c, a key hepatic lipogenic transcription factor. These results suggest that fucosterol is a dual-LXR agonist that regulates the expression of key genes in cholesterol homeostasis in multiple cell lines without inducing hepatic triglyceride accumulation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2012/jafcau.2012.60.issue-46/jf3019084/production/images/medium/jf-2012-019084_0006.gif'></P>
Lee, Ji Hae,Jun, Hee-jin,Jia, Yaoyao,Kim, Wook,Choi, Sung-Gil,Lee, Sung-Joon American Chemical Society 2011 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.59 No.21
<P>The consumption of soy protein and fiber reduces body fat accumulation; however, the mechanism of this effect has not been clearly understood. We investigated the antiobesogenic effect of soy protein and fiber in two different mouse models. Normolipidemic nonobese C57BL/6J and hyperlipidemic obese human apolipoprotein E2 transgenic mice were fed either delipidated soybean (DLSB) containing soy protein and fiber or a control diet. The DLSB-fed mice showed a significant reduction in body weight gain and adiposity compared with controls, in both C57BL/6J and apoE2 mice. All metabolic parameters were significantly improved in the DLSB group compared with controls: total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and leptin levels were significantly reduced. Adiponectin concentrations were significantly elevated, and glucose tolerance was improved. In both types of DLSB-fed mice, the specific induction of PPAR-δ protein expression was evident in muscle and adipose tissues. The expression of PPAR-δ target genes in the DLSB-fed mice was also significantly altered. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 and fatty acid synthase levels in adipose tissue were downregulated, and uncoupling protein-2 in muscle was upregulated. Intestinal expression of fatty acid transport protein-4, cluster of differentiation-36, and acyl-CoA synthetase were significantly downregulated. We propose that marked activation of PPAR-δ is the primary mechanism mediating the antiobesogenic effect of soybean and that PPAR-δ has multiple actions: induction of thermogenesis in muscle, reduction of fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue, and reduction of fatty acid uptake in intestinal tissue.</P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf202910u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf202910u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Olfactory receptor 544 reduces adiposity by steering fuel preference toward fats
Wu, Chunyan,Hwang, Su Hyeon,Jia, Yaoyao,Choi, Joobong,Kim, Yeon-Ji,Choi, Dahee,Pathiraja, Duleepa,Choi, In-Geol,Koo, Seung-Hoi,Lee, Sung-Joon American Society for Clinical Investigation 2017 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.127 No.11