Development of an immunochromatographic strip for detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Huawei Li,Jifei Yang,Dengke Bao,Jie Hou,Yubao Zhi,Yanyan Yang,Pengchao Ji,Enmin Zhou,Songlin Qiao,Gaiping Zhang 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.3

A simple and rapid immunochromatographic test strip incorporating a colloidal gold-labeled recombinant Nsp7 antigen probe was successfully developed for the detection of anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) antibodies in swine. Recombinant Nsp7 protein of PRRSV labeled with colloidal gold was dispensed on a conjugate pad for use as the detector. Staphylococcal protein A and purified porcine anti-Nsp7 antibodies were blotted on a nitrocellulose membrane to form test and control lines, respectively. A comparison of the strip with standard diagnostic tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoperoxidase monolayer assay, was also performed. The immunochromatographic test strip was shown to be of high specificity and sensitivity. Furthermore, the strip assay is rapid and easy to perform with no requirement for professional-level skills or equipment. It is suggested that the immunochromatographic test strip can be used to quickly and accurately detect PRRSV antibody and to be suitable for diagnostic purposes in the field.

환형노즐 이젝터를 이용한 폭기조의 산소전달 특성에 대한 실험적 연구

두화웨이(Huawei Du),장대호(Dae-Ho Jang),김동준(Dong-Jun Kim),양희천(Hei-Cheon Yang) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11

Ejector type oxygen transfer systems that use the kinetic energy of a high-velocity liquid jet to entrain and disperse a gas phase have attracted interest in recent years. The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the flow and oxygen transfer characteristics of an aeration system using an annular nozzle ejector. The aeration system consisted of an electric motor-pump, a motorized blower, an annular nozzle ejector assembly, an aeration tank, a control panel, and measuring and controlling accessories such as a dissolved oxygen meter, water and air flow meters, pressure and vacuum gauges and control valves. The primary water flow rate increased with the screw pitch, while the suction fluid flow rate increased initially and then decreased with the screw pitch due to the variation of suction inlet vacuum pressure. The saturation times and volumetric mass transfer coefficients varied with the suction air flow rate.

Wind tunnel tests on wind loads acting on steel tubular transmission towers under skewed wind

FengLi Yang,Huawei Niu 한국풍공학회 2022 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.35 No.2

Steel tubular towers are commonly used in UHV and long crossing transmission lines. By considering effects of the model scale, the solidity ratio and the ratio of the mean width to the mean height, wind tunnel tests under different wind speeds on twenty tubular steel tower body models and twenty-six tubular steel cross-arm models were completed. Drag coefficients and shielding factors of the experimental tower body models and cross-arm models in wind directional axis for typical skewed angles were obtained. The influence of the lift forces on the skewed wind load factors of tubular steel tower bodies was evaluated. The skewed wind load factors, the wind load distribution factors in transversal and longitudinal direction were calculated for the tubular tower body models and cross-arm models, respectively. Fitting expressions for the skewed wind load factors of tubular steel bodies and cross-arms were determined through nonlinear fitting analysis. Parameters for skewed wind loads determined by wind tunnel tests were compared with the regulations in applicable standards. Suggestions on the drag coefficients, the skewed wind load factors and the wind load distribution factors were proposed for tubular steel transmission towers.

Visual DNA Microarray Coupled with Multiplex-PCR for the Rapid Detection of Twelve Genetically Modified Maize

Yongjin Li,Tao Xiong,Huawei Wu,Yazhen Yang 한국바이오칩학회 2016 BioChip Journal Vol.10 No.1

We herein developed a visual DNA microarray system coupled with multiplex PCR (m-PCR) to rapidly detect twelve genetically modified maize (GMM). The microarray comprised short oligonucleotide probes complimentary to the specific gene region for twelve different GMM. The m-PCR products annealed to the microarray probe were reacted with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and nitro blue tetrazolium/5-bromo-4-chloro-3ʹ-indolylphosphate, p-toluidine salt (NBT/BCIP), resulting in blue spots that are easily visualized by unaided eyes for qualitative analysis. To ensure the reliability of this method, positive and negative hybridization controls were used in DNA microarray. Commercial GM materials (GMM: Bt176, Bt11, MON810, GA21, T25,MON88017, NK603, MON863, MON89034, DAS-59122-7, TC1507, MIR604; GM cotton: (MON1445, MON15985); GM soybean (Monsanto Roundup Ready soybean 40-3-2)) and non-GM materials were identified by this method and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The results showed that each probe consistently identified its corresponding GMM target very quickly and in a cost-effective and more time efficient way. The limit of detection is 0.5% for Bt176, Bt11, T25, MON88017, DAS59122-7, MON89034 and 1% for MON810, MIR604, GA21, MON863, NK603, TC1507. This method is advantageous because of rapid detection, cost-effectiveness and ease of use. These high specificity and sensitivity results demonstrate the feasibility of using this method in routine analysis of GMOs. We herein developed a visual DNA microarray system coupled with multiplex PCR (m-PCR) to rapidly detect twelve genetically modified maize (GMM). The microarray comprised short oligonucleotide probes complimentary to the specific gene region for twelve different GMM. The m-PCR products annealed to the microarray probe were reacted with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and nitro blue tetrazolium/5-bromo-4-chloro-3ʹ-indolylphosphate, p-toluidine salt (NBT/BCIP), resulting in blue spots that are easily visualized by unaided eyes for qualitative analysis. To ensure the reliability of this method, positive and negative hybridization controls were used in DNA microarray. Commercial GM materials (GMM: Bt176, Bt11, MON810, GA21, T25, MON88017, NK603, MON863, MON89034, DAS- 59122-7, TC1507, MIR604; GM cotton: (MON1445, MON15985); GM soybean (Monsanto Roundup Ready soybean 40-3-2)) and non-GM materials were identified by this method and further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The results showed that each probe consistently identified its corresponding GMM target very quickly and in a cost-effective and more time efficient way. The limit of detection is 0.5% for Bt176, Bt11, T25, MON88017, DAS59122-7, MON89034 and 1% for MON810, MIR604, GA21, MON863, NK603, TC1507. This method is advantageous because of rapid detection, cost-effectiveness and ease of use. These high specificity and sensitivity results demonstrate the feasibility of using this method in routine analysis of GMOs.

Enhanced interfacial adhesion between polypropylene and carbon fiber by graphene oxide/polyethyleneimine coating

Wei Luo,Bin Zhang,Huawei Zou,Mei Liang,Yang Chen 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.51 No.-

In order to improve the interfacial properties in polypropylene/carbonfiber (PP/CF) composites,graphene oxide and brached polyethyleneimine were coated onto the surface of carbonfiber by layer-by-layer assembly in this work. Compared with the origin PP/CF composite, the composites reinforced by PP/CF–GO showed significant enhancement not only in tensile strength but also in elongation at break. Theimprovedfiber–matrix adhesion was proved by fracture morphology observation of scanning electronmicroscopy and almost unaffected mechanical properties of thefiber itself during the coating process. The optimal assembly time was found to be 10 for enhancing the overall composite mechanicalperformance.

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Stock Markets: An Empirical Analysis of World Major Stock Indices

KHAN, Karamat,ZHAO, Huawei,ZHANG, Han,YANG, Huilin,SHAH, Muhammad Haroon,JAHANGER, Atif Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.7

This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the stock markets of sixteen countries. Pooled OLS regression, conventional t-test and Mann-Whitney test are used to estimate the results of the study. We construct a weekly panel data of COVID-19 new cases and stock returns. Pooled OLS estimation result shows that the growth rate of weekly new cases of COVID-19 negatively predicts the return in stock market. Next, the returns on leading stock indices of these countries during the COVID-19 outbreak period are compared with returns during the non-COVID period. We use a t-test and Mann-Whitney test to compare the returns. The results reveal that investors in these countries do not react to the media news of COVID-19 at the early stage of the pandemic. However, once the human-to-human transmissibility had been confirmed, all of the stock market indices negatively reacted to the news in the short- and long-event window. Interestingly, we noticed that the Shanghai Composite Index, which was severely affected during the short-event window, bounced back during the long-event window. This indicates that the Chinese government's drastic measures to contain the spread of the pandemic regained the confidence of investors in the Shanghai Stock Market.

A review of experimental methods for characterising composite viscosities of continuous fibre-reinforced polymer composites

Wang Jinhuo,Han Yang,Ge Xiaohong,Qi Zhengbing,Zhao Jun,Wang Rongwen,Wu Huawei,Han Taiping,Sun Shaoxun,Wang Hui,Lin Jia,Liu Yuejun,Kong Xiangsong,Chen Qiming,Zeng Xiangxu 한국유변학회 2023 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.35 No.2

Optimisation design of composite structures requires an accurate predictive model for forming behaviour. The simulation process contains a number of model parameters which include transverse and longitudinal viscosities of continuous fibrereinforced viscous composites, fundamental to predicting the shear rheology. Shearing the unidirectional composite along the fibre direction gives a measure of the longitudinal viscosity (LV), whilst shearing across or transverse to the fibre direction gives a measure of the transverse viscosity (TV). Numerous experimental work was conducted in the past to measure these two viscosities for various materials. However, conflicting measurements by different test methods were obtained and these apparent discrepancies had not yet been systematically investigated in any single study. This paper reviews previous work on characterisation techniques to further understand the cause of such discrepancy, and hence to improve measurement accuracy, which would benefit future work on theoretical modelling of the composite viscosities and optimisation simulation of composites forming. Some important findings, such as effects of resin-rich areas, contributory factors of elastic effects, non-Newtonian behaviour for composites with Newtonian matrix, aspect ratio and end effects of test samples, geometry effects of fibres and fibre rearrangement during shearing, existence of a mathematical relationship between LV and TV and necessary benchmarking exercise using Newtonian matrix composites, were summarised.

Apple residues derived porous carbon nanosheets synthesized with FeCl3 assisted hydrothermal carbonization for supercapacitors with high rate performance

Li Qiqi,Zhang Yingnan,Song Ya,Yang Huawei,Yang Lixia,Bai Liangjiu,Wei Donglei,Wang Wenxiang,Liang Ying,Chen Hou 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.2

Biomass carbon materials with high rate capacity have great potential to boost supercapacitors with cost effective, fast charging–discharging performance and high safety requirements, yet currently suffers from a lack of targeted preparation methods. Here we propose a facile FeCl3 assisted hydrothermal carbonization strategy to prepare ultra-high rate biomass carbon from apple residues (ARs). In the preparation process, ARs were first hydrothermally carbonized into a porous precursor which embedded by Fe species, and then synchronously graphitized and activated to form biocarbon with a large special surface area (2159.3 m2 g−1) and high degree of graphitization. The material exhibited a considerable specific capacitance of 297.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and outstanding capacitance retention of 85.7% at 10 A g−1 in 6 M KOH, and moreover, achieved an energy density of 16.2 Wh kg−1 with the power density of 350.3 W kg−1. After 8000 cycles, an initial capacitance of 95.2% was maintained. Our findings provide a new idea for boosting the rate capacity of carbon-based electrode materials.

세정기술 개발을 위한 기포거동에 대한 실험적 연구

김동준(Kim Dong-Jun),두화웨이(Du Huawei),장대호(Jang Dae-Ho),양희천(Yang Hei-Cheon) 대한기계학회 2013 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2013 No.12

The behavior of air bubble to deliver oxygen to the water is critical for successful cleaning and water purification. The objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of micro bubbles which are generated by an ejector-bubble generator for development of cleaning technology. The visualization images of two phase jet issuing from the ejectorbubble generator are analyzed qualitatively. The mixed jet behaves like a buoyancy jet or horizontal jet owing to the momentum of primary water flow and air bubble size. It can be deduced that the higher the Re number and the lower the entrainment ratio, the smaller the air bubble size.

Effect of increased dietary crude protein levels on production performance, nitrogen utilisation, blood metabolites and ruminal fermentation of Holstein bulls

Xia, Chuanqi,Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Ur,Yang, He,Shao, Taoqi,Qiu, Qinghua,Su, Huawei,Cao, Binghai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.10

Objective: This study investigated the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) supplementation on nutrient intake, nitrogen (N) utilisation, blood metabolites, ruminal fermentation and growth performance of young Holstein bulls. Methods: Twenty-one young bulls weighing $277{\pm}11.2kg$ were equally divided into three groups and were offered diets formulated with low CP (LCP; 10.21% CP and 4.22% rumen degradable protein [RDP]), medium CP (MCP; 12.35% CP and 5.17% RDP) and high CP (HCP; 14.24% CP and 6.03% RDP). Yellow corn silage was used as a unique forage source and was mixed with concentrate. This mixed feed was given ad libitum to the young bulls included in the study. Results: Results showed that CP intake, blood urea nitrogen, N intake, total N excretion and N balance increased linearly with an increase in dietary CP level (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in nutrient digestibility among the bulls receiving the different diets. Ruminal pH (p<0.05) and ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$) concentration (p<0.01) were significantly higher in the bulls receiving the MCP and HCP diets than in those receiving the LCP diet. The bulls receiving the HCP diet showed significantly higher ruminal bacterial protein level, propionate, acetate and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentrations than bulls receiving the LCP diet (p<0.05). Moreover, dietary CP level exerted a significant positive effect on the final body weight, average daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio of the bulls (p<0.05). Conclusion: High dietary CP level is optimal for achieving maximum growth and high profitability without exerting a negative effect on the physiology of growing Holstein bulls.