Alien Chromosome-Specific PCR Markers for Selection of Powdery Mildew Resistance lntrogressed from Haynaldia villosa in Wheat

Xiu Mei Dai,Ru Hong Xu,Jun Lu,Fang Li,Jia Na Li,You Rong Chai 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.5

In the introgression of the distinguished powdery mildew resistance from Haynaldia villosa to wheat, a focus task is to develop applicable molecular markers for tracing alien genetic substances and breeding selection. In an attempt to breed wheat breeding lines combining powdery mildew resistance of wheat stock 010714 conferred by alien 6V chromosome from H. villosa with thermo- photo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) from wheat line C050S, a molecular marker RM874 was identified in PCR amplification using RAPD primer S2018. Batched sequencing indicated that the band contained large amounts of equal-length homologues amplified from Ty3-gypsy retrotransposon-like repetitive regions. Based on comparative cloning and bioinformatic analysis, it was converted into a more reproducible sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker SM142. In wheat genetic background, the marker is 6V-specific and linked to powdery mildew resistance. The linkage of the marker is further verified in F5 generation. The approach of transforming repetitive regions-derived RAPD band into a specific SCAR marker can be referred for SCAR marker development of other genes. GISH (Genome in situ hybridization) analysis of 010714 and F7 translocation lines indicated that the resistance gene is conferred by the short arm of 6V.

Identification of Halohydrin Dehalogenase Mutants that Resist COBE Inhibition

Shao-Yun Chen,Xiu-Juan He,Jian-ping Wu,Gang Xu,Li-Rong Yang 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.1

The biocatalytic cascade conversion of ethyl4-chloroacetoacetate (COBE) to ethyl (R)-4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyrate ((R)-HN) for the preparation of atorvastatinrepresents significant economic and environmental benefits,and is catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase and halohydrindehalogenase (HHDH). However, as the activity of HHDHis inhibited by COBE, the cascade reaction is an inefficientone-pot reaction. In this study, substrate inhibition kineticsanalysis was performed and the inhibition by COBE wasfound to be competitive reversible inhibition. Molecularsimulation analysis was used to determine the inhibitionmechanism by COBE. The results showed that COBEbound to the active center of HHDH via the formation ofhydrogen bonds with the OH groups of S132 and Y145. Site saturation mutagenesis of residues around the activesite and at the entrance of the access tunnel was performed,and two target mutant residues were identified, F136 andW249. Small focused mutagenesis on these two residueswas performed and the F136V/W249F mutant wassuccessfully found to relieve the activity inhibition ofHHDH by COBE. The half inhibiting concentration ofmutant F136V/W249F was found to be 20-fold higher thanwild-type HHDH. The efficiency of the multi-enzymaticone-pot system for the synthesis of (R)-HN from COBEusing mutant F136V/W249F was improved significantly.

Knockdown of HMGN5 Expression by RNA Interference Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Lung Cancer Cells

Chen, Peng,Wang, Xiu-Li,Ma, Zhong-Sen,Xu, Zhong,Jia, Bo,Ren, Jin,Hu, Yu-Xin,Zhang, Qing-Hua,Ma, Tian-Gang,Yan, Bing-Di,Yan, Qing-Zhu,Li, Yan-Lei,Li, Zhen,Yu, Jin-Yan,Gao, Rong,Fan, Na,Li, Bo,Yang, Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

HMGN5 is a typical member of the HMGN (high mobility group nucleosome-binding protein) family which may function as a nucleosomal binding and transcriptional activating protein. Overexpression of HMGN5 has been observed in several human tumors but its role in tumorigenesis has not been fully clarified. To investigate its significance for human lung cancer progression, we successfully constructed a shRNA expression lentiviral vector in which sense and antisense sequences targeting the human HMGN5 were linked with a 9-nucleotide loop. Inhibitory effects of siRNA on endogenous HMGN5 gene expression and protein synthesis were demonstrated via real-time RT-PCR and western blotting. We found HMGN5 silencing to significantly inhibit A549 and H1299 cell proliferation assessed by MTT, BrdU incorporation and colony formation assays. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis showed that specific knockdown of HMGN5 slowed down the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and decreased the populations of A549 and H1299 cells at the S and G2/M phases. Taken together, these results suggest that HMGN5 is directly involved in regulation cell proliferation in A549 and H1299 cells by influencing signaling pathways involved in cell cycle progression. Thus, our finding suggests that targeting HMGN5 may be an effective strategy for human lung cancer treatment.

Orally administered Lactobacillus casei exhibited several probiotic properties in artificially suckling rabbits

Shen Xue Mei,Cui Hong Xiao,Xu Xiu Rong 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8

Objective: Lactobacilli in rabbit intestine is rare and its function in rabbit gut health is not fully understood. The present study aimed to evaluate in vivo the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus casei for suckling rabbits. Methods: Two healthy 5-day-old suckling rabbits with similar weights from each of 12 New Zealand White litters were selected and disturbed to control group and treatment group. All rabbits were artificially fed. The treatment group had been supplemented with live Lactobacillus casei in the milk from the beginning of the trial to 13 days of age. At 15 days of age, healthy paired rabbits were slaughtered to collect intestinal samples. Results: i) Oral administration of Lactobacillus casei significantly increased the proportion of Lactobacilli in the total intestinal bacteria (p<0.01) and obviously reduced that of Escherichia-Shigella (p<0.01); ii) treatment increased the length of vermiform appendix (p<0.05); iii) a higher percentage of degranulated paneth cells was observed in the duodenum and jejunum when rabbits administered with Lactobacillus casei (p<0.01); and iv) the expression of toll-like receptor 9, lysozyme (LYZ), and defensin-7-like (DEFEN) in the duodenum and jejunum was stimulated by supplemented Lactobacillus casei (p<0.05). Conclusion: Orally administered Lactobacillus casei could increase the abundance of intestinal Lactobacilli, decrease the relative abundance of intestinal Escherichia-Shigella, promote the growth of appendix vermiform, stimulate the degranulation of paneth cells and induce the expression of DEFEN and LYS. The results of the present study implied that Lactobacillus casei exhibited probiotic potential for suckling rabbits.

Efficacy of Taxane-Based Regimens in a First-line Setting for Recurrent and/or Metastatic Chinese Patients with Esophageal Cancer

Jiang, Chang,Liao, Fang-Xin,Rong, Yu-Ming,Yang, Qiong,Yin, Chen-Xi,He, Wen-Zhuo,Cai, Xiu-Yu,Guo, Gui-Fang,Qiu, Hui-Juan,Chen, Xu-Xian,Zhang, Bei,Xia, Liang-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13

Objective: To compare the efficacy of taxane-based regimens in the first line setting retrospectively in Chinese patients with recurrent and/or metastatic esophageal cancer. Methods: We analyzed 102 recurrent and/or metastatic esophageal cancer patients who received taxanes-based regimens in a first-line setting from January 2009 to December 2013. Sixteen (15.7%) patients were administered Nab-PTX based chemotherapy and 86 patients (84.3%) received paclitaxel (PTX) or docetaxel (DTX) based chemotherapy. Patients in the PTX/DTX group could be further divided into TP (71 patients) and TPF (15 patients) groups. Results: The objective response rate (ORR) of all patients was 20.6%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 67.6%. The median overall survival (OS) was 10.5 months (95% CI 10.1-16.4) and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.04 months (95% CI 5.09-7.91). The DCR was higher in the TPF group than the TP group (93.3% vs. 59.1%; p = 0.015 ). There were no significant differences in ORR, OS, and PFS among Nab-PTX, TPF and TP groups. Conclusions: The three regimens of Nab-PTX based, TP and TPF proved active in a first line setting of Chinese patients with recurrent and/or metastatic esophageal cancer, and should thus be regarded as alternative treatments.