A Throughput Improved Path Selection Method Based on Throughput Prediction Model and Available Bandwidth for MPTCP

Xiaomin Jin,Yuanan Liu,Wenhao Fan,Fan Wu,Hongguang Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.2

Nowadays, many network devices have more than one network interface. Meanwhile, many protocols have been proposed to utilize multiple paths simultaneously. MPTCP (Multipath TCP) is a transport layer protocol that transfers data by multiple paths simultaneously, which is designed to improve the throughput and increase robustness of end to end transmission. However, when we use MPTCP, we find that MPTCP can not improve the throughput but even reduce the throughput in some cases. In this paper, we study this issue. Firstly, we study the effects of path characteristics for throughput of MPTCP, and find that path characteristics especially those bad paths have a great impact on the performance of MPTCP. Secondly, we analyze the reasons why the bad path characteristics have a serious impact on throughput of MPTCP, and propose a path selection method based on throughput prediction model and available bandwidth to improve the throughput. Finally, we validate our path selection method by simulations, and the results show that our method can improve the throughput of MPTCP.

Preparation and Characterization of Regenerated Cellulose Blend Films Containing High Amount of Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in Ionic Liquid

Xiaomin Zhang,Jin Zhu,Xiaoqing Liu 한국고분자학회 2012 Macromolecular Research Vol.20 No.7

Regenerated cellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend films in ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl) were successfully prepared by coagulating with water. The structures and properties were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SEM images indicated that there was good compatibility between cellulose and PVA. The XRD results showed that the crystallinity of cellulose was significantly decreased from 42.8% up to 29.4% with increasing PVA content. The blend film with a 10 wt% PVA demonstrated the best mechanical performance. Its tensile strength and modulus showed 97 and 5,100 MPa, respectively compared with 69 and 3,400 MPa of neat cellulose film. The elongation also increased 50%. In addition, the transparency of the blend lms was still maintained well, and the shrinkage of the regenerated cellulose film was greatly improved with incorporation of PVA. The possible mechanism of forming cellulose/PVA blend films was proposed in the process of regeneration and dissolution.

Melatonin prevents lung injury by regulating apelin 13 to improve mitochondrial dysfunction

Lu Zhang,Fangli Liu,Xiaomin Su,Yue Li,Yining Wang,Ruonan Fang,Yingying Guo,Tongzhu Jin,Huitong Shan,Xiaoguang Zhao,Rui Yang,Hongli Shan,Haihai Liang 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive disease characterized by epithelial cell damage, fibroblast proliferation, excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and lung tissue scarring. Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland, plays an important role in multiple physiological and pathological responses in organisms. However, the function of melatonin in the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury is poorly understood. In the present study, we found that melatonin significantly decreased mortality and restored the function of the alveolar epithelium in bleomycin-treated mice. However, pulmonary function mainly depends on type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECIIs) and is linked to mitochondrial integrity. We also found that melatonin reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevented apoptosis and senescence in AECIIs. Luzindole, a nonselective melatonin receptor antagonist, blocked the protective action of melatonin. Interestingly, we found that the expression of apelin 13 was significantly downregulated in vitro and in vivo and that this downregulation was reversed by melatonin. Furthermore, ML221, an apelin inhibitor, disrupted the beneficial effects of melatonin on alveolar epithelial cells. Taken together, these results suggest that melatonin alleviates lung injury through regulating apelin 13 to improve mitochondrial dysfunction in the process of bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury.

Mechanism of Tungsten Recovery from Spent Cemented Carbide by Molten Salt Electrodeposition

Hongxuan Xing,Zhen Li,Enrui Feng,Xiaomin Wang,Hongguang Kang,Yiyong Wang,Hui Jin,Jidong Li The Korean Electrochemical Society 2023 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.14 No.1

The accumulation of spent carbide (YG8), not only pollutes the environment but also causes waste of tungsten, cobalt and other rare metal resources. To better address this issue, we proposed a combined electrochemical separation process of low-temperature aqueous solution and high-temperature molten salt for tungsten and cobalt. H₂WO₄ was obtained from spent carbide in an aqueous solution, and we calcined it to obtain WO₃, which was used as a raw material to obtain tungsten by using molten salt electrodeposition. The influence of the current efficiency and the electrochemical behavior of the discharge precipitation of W(VI) were also studied. The calcination results showed that the morphology of WO₃ was regular and there were no other impurities. The maximum current efficiency of 82.91% was achieved in a series of electrodeposition experiments. According to XRD and SEM analysis, the recovered product was high purity tungsten, which belongs to the simple cubic crystal system. In the W(VI) reduction mechanism experiments, the electrochemical process of W(VI) in NaCl-Na₂WO₄-WO₃ molten salt was investigated using linear scanning voltammetry (LSV) and chronoamperometry in a three-electrode system. The LSV showed that W(VI) was reduced at the cathode in two steps and the electrode reaction was controlled by diffusion. The fitting results of chronoamperometry showed that the nucleation mechanism of W(VI) was an instantaneous nucleation mode, and the diffusion coefficient was 7.379×10^-10 cm²·s^-1.

Prescription Patterns for Bipolar Disorder in Asian Countries: Findings from Research on Asian Prescription Pattern-Bipolar Disorder

Shih-Ku Lin,Shu-Yu Yang,Seon-Cheol Park,Ok-Jin Jang,Xiaomin Zhu,Yu-Tao Xiang,Wen-Chen Ouyang,Afzal Javed,M. Nasar Sayeed Khan,Sandeep Grover,Ajit Avasthi,Roy Abraham Kallivayalil,Kok Yoon Chee,Norliza 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.1

Objective: Pharmacotherapy including mood stabilizers and antipsychotics are frequently used in bipolar disorder (BD); however, the lack of consensus regarding the definition of polypharmacy hinders conducting comparative studies across different settings and countries. Research on Asian Prescription Pattern (REAP) is the largest and the longest lasting international collaborative research in psychiatry in Asia. The objective of REAP BD was to investigate the prescription patterns of psychotropic medications across Asian countries. The rates of polypharmacy and psychotropic drug load were also analyzed. Methods: The data collection was web-based. Prescription patterns were categorized as (1) mood stabilizer monotherapy: one mood stabilizer; (2) antipsychotic monotherapy: one antipsychotic; (3) simple polypharmacy: one mood stabilizer and one antipsychotic; and (4) complex polypharmacy: ≥ 2 mood stabilizers or/and antipsychotics. The psychotropic drug load in each patient was calculated using the defined daily dose method. Results: Among 2003 patients with BD (52.1% female, 42.4 years) from 12 countries, 1,619 (80.8%) patients received mood stabilizers, 1,644 (82.14%) received antipsychotics, and 424 (21.2%) received antidepressants, with 14.7% mood stabilizer monotherapy, 13.4% antipsychotic monotherapy, 48.9% simple polypharmacy, 20.3% complex polypharmacy, and 2.6% other therapy. The average psychotropic drug load was 2.05 ± 1.40. Results varied widely between countries. Conclusion: Over 70% of psychotropic regimens involved polypharmacy, which accords with the high prevalence of polypharmacy in BD under a permissive criterion (2 or more core psychotropic drugs) worldwide. Notably, ≥ 80% of our sample received antipsychotics, which may indicate an increasing trend in antipsychotic use for BD treatment.