Statistical Optimization of Medium Components for Milk-Clotting Enzyme Production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4 Using Wheat Bran-an Agro-Industry Waste

( Wei Bing Zhang ),( Xiao Ling He ),( Hong Na Liu ),( Hui Yuan Guo ),( Fa Zheng Ren ),( Wei Dong Gao ),( Peng Cheng Wen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

In this paper, two statistical methods were applied to optimize medium components to improve the production of the milk-clotting enzyme by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4. First, wheat bran juice, skim milk powder, and Na2HPO4 were shown to have significant effects on D4 enzyme production using the Plackett?Burman experimental design. Subsequently, an optimal medium was obtained using the Box?Behnken method, which consisted of 3.31 g/l of skim milk powder, 5.0 g/l of sucrose, 0.1 g/l of FeSO4?7H2O, 0.1 g/l of MgSO4?7H2O, 0.1 g/l of MnSO4?2H2O, 0.1 g/l of ZnSO4?7H2O, 1.52 g/l of Na2HPO4, and 172.45 g/l of wheat bran juice. With this optimal medium, the milk-clotting enzyme production was remarkably enhanced. The milk-clotting enzyme activity reached 3,326.7 SU/ml after incubation of 48 h, which was 1.76-fold higher than that of the basic medium, showing that the Plackett?Burman design and Box?Behnken response surface method are effective to optimize medium components, and B. amyloliquefaciens D4 possessed a high rennet-producing capacity in the optimal medium.

A Multi-center Survey of HPV Knowledge and Attitudes Toward HPV Vaccination among Women, Government Officials, and Medical Personnel in China

Zhao, Fang-Hui,Tiggelaar, Sarah M.,Hu, Shang-Ying,Zhao, Na,Hong, Ying,Niyazi, Mayinuer,Gao, Xiao-Hong,Ju, Li-Rong,Zhang, Li-Qin,Feng, Xiang-Xian,Duan, Xian-Zhi,Song, Xiu-Ling,Wang, Jing,Yang, Yun,Li, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Objectives: To assess knowledge of HPV and attitudes towards HPV vaccination among the general female population, government officials, and healthcare providers in China to assist the development of an effective national HPV vaccination program. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiologic survey was conducted across 21 urban and rural sites in China using a short questionnaire. 763 government officials, 760 healthcare providers, and 11,681 women aged 15-59 years were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed using standard descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: Knowledge of HPV among the general female population was low; only 24% had heard of HPV. Less than 20% of healthcare providers recognized sexually na$\ddot{i}$ve women as the most appropriate population for HPV vaccination. There was high acceptance of the HPV vaccine for all categories of respondents. Only 6% of women were willing to pay more than US $300 for the vaccine. Conclusions: Aggressive education is necessary to increase knowledge of HPV and its vaccine. Further proof of vaccine safety and efficacy and government subsidies combined with increased awareness could facilitate development and implementation of HPV vaccination in China.

Susceptibility Loci Associations with Prostate Cancer Risk in Northern Chinese Men

Wang, Na-Na,Xu, Yong,Yang, Kuo,Wei, Dong,Zhang, Yao-Guang,Liu, Ming,Shi, Xiao-Hong,Liang, Si-Ying,Sun, Liang,Zhu, Xiao-Quan,Yang, Yi-Ge,Tang, Lei,Zhao, Cheng-Xiao,Wang, Xin,Chen, Xin,Hui, Juan,Zhang, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Background: KLK3 gene products, like human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), are important biomarkers in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). G protein-coupled receptor RFX6, C2orf43 and FOXP4 signaling plays important roles in the development of PCa. However, associations of these genes with PCa in northern Chinese men remain to be detailed. This study aimed to investigate their impact on occurrence and level of malignancy. Methods: All subjects were from Beijing and Tianjin, including 266 cases with prostate cancer and 288 normal individuals as controls. We evaluated associations between clinical covariates (age at diagnosis, prostate specific antigen, Gleason score, tumor stage and aggressive) and 6 candidate PCa risk loci, genotyped by PCR- high resolution melting curve and sequencing methods. Results: Case-control analysis of allelic frequency of PCa associated with PCa showed that one of the 6 candidate risk loci, rs339331 in the RFX6 gene, was associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.57-0.94, P = 0.013) in northern Chinese men. In addition, subjects with CX (CC+TC) genotypes had a decreased risk for prostrate cancer compared to those carrying the TT homozygote (OR =0.64, 95% CI = 0.45- 0.90, P = 0.008). The TT genotype of 13q22 (rs9600079, T) was associated with tumor stage (P=0.044, OR=2.34, 95% CI=0.94-5.87). Other SNPs were not significantly associated with clinical covariates in prostate cancer (P > 0.05). Conclusions. rs339331 in the RFX6 gene may be associated with prostate cancer as a susceptibility locus in northern Chinese men.

8q24 rs4242382 Polymorphism is a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer among Multi-Ethnic Populations: Evidence from Clinical Detection in China and a Meta-analysis

Zhao, Cheng-Xiao,Liu, Ming,Xu, Yong,Yang, Kuo,Wei, Dong,Shi, Xiao-Hong,Yang, Fan,Zhang, Yao-Guang,Wang, Xin,Liang, Si-Ying,Zhao, Fan,Zhang, Yu-Rong,Wang, Na-Na,Chen, Xin,Sun, Liang,Zhu, Xiao-Quan,Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19

Background: Evidence supporting an association between the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and prostate cancer (PCa) risk has been reported in North American and Europe populations, though data from Asian populations remain limited. We therefore investigated this association by clinical detection in China, and meta-analysis in Asian, Caucasian and African-American populations. Materials and Methods: Blood samples and clinical information were collected from ethnically Chinese men from Northern China with histologically-confirmed PCa (n=335) and from age-matched normal controls (n=347). The 8q24 (rs4242382) gene polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-high-resolution melting analysis. We initially analyzed the associations between the risk allele and PCa and clinical covariates. A meta-analysis was then performed using genotyping data from a total of 1,793 PCa cases and 1,864 controls from our study and previously published studies in American and European populations, to determine the association between PCa and risk genotype. Results: The incidence of the risk allele was higher in PCa cases than controls (0.222 vs 0.140, $P=7.3{\times}10^{-5}$), suggesting that the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism was associated with PCa risk in Chinese men. The genotypes in subjects were in accordance with a dominant genetic model (ORadj=2.03, 95%CI: 1.42-2.91, $Padj=1.1{\times}10^{-4}$). Presence of the risk allele rs4242382-A at 8q24 was also associated with clinical covariates including age at diagnosis ${\geq}65$ years, prostate specific antigen >10 ng/ml, Gleason score <8, tumor stage and aggressive PCa, compared with the non-risk genotype ($P=4.6{\times}10^{-5}-3.0{\times}10^{-2}$). Meta-analysis confirmed the association between 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and PCa risk (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.39-1.88, $P=1.0{\times}10^{-5}$) across Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. Conclusions: The replicated data suggest that the 8q24 rs4242382-A variation might be associated with increased PCa susceptibility in Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. These results imply that this polymorphism may be a useful risk biomarker for PCa in multi-ethnic populations.

Optimal Control and Stabilization for Networked Control Systems Subject to Intermittent Observations and One-step Delayed Measurement

Na Wang,Chuanzhi Lv,Xiao Liang,Haixia Wang,Xiao Lu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.4

This paper concerns the control problem for networked control systems (NCSs) with local and remote controllers (LRC) subject to one-step delay and intermittent observations. The main contributions lie in two aspects. Firstly, for the finite-horizon case, applying the maximum principle and the completing square, a necessary and sufficient condition is derived for the solvability of the optimal control problem. Meanwhile, we obtain the explicit controller which is a linear function of the optimal state estimator, with the feedback gain based on the coupled Riccati equations. Secondly, for the infinite-horizon case, a necessary and sufficient condition of the stabilization in the mean square sense for the system without additive noise is derived and a sufficient condition is developed for the boundedness in the mean square sense of the system with the additive noise. Numerical examples are given to show that the proposed algorithms are valid.

Nonfragile Dissipative Synchronization of Reaction-diffusion Complex Dynamical Networks with Coupling Delays

Xiao-Na Song,Renzhi Zhang,Mi Wang,Junwei Lu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.3

This paper focuses on the synchronization of reaction-diffusion complex dynamical networks with coupling delay. In order to reflect the uncertainties of the controller, the nonfragile problem is considered. Furthermore, we also take into account the dissipativity analysis problem, which contains the H∞ performance and passivity performance in a unified framework. By utilizing the Lyapunov functional method, two sufficient delay-dependent conditions, which ensure the considered system is globally asymptotically synchronized onto the unforced node and strictly dissipative, are established in terms of linear matrix inequality. Finally, three numerical examples are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design methods.

Hydrogen production by catalytic steam reforming of waste cooking oil over La-Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst

Xiao Na,Zhao Rui,Liu Yufei,Zhan Wei,Xu Yonghui,Wu Zhengshun 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.9

Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst is one of the promising catalysts to improve the catalytic steam reforming of waste cooking oil (WCO) for hydrogen production. Furthermore, the introduction of lanthanum (La) plays a huge role in inhibiting metal sintering and carbon deposition and improving the stability and activity of the catalyst. This study investigated the effects of reaction temperature (600–800 °C), steam to carbon molar ratio (S/C), n Ni/ZSM-5 (n=5, 10, and 15 wt%), and the addition of promoter (La) on the experimentally generated hydrogen yield and carbon deposition. Results showed that the experiment used 6 wt% La-10 wt% Ni/ZSM-5 at 0.1 MPa, 700 °C, space-time (τ)=0.56 gcatalyst/gWCO, and S/C=5.25, which obtained the yield of H2 was 154.12 mol/kg, carbon deposition was 5.38%. Therefore, Ni-modified catalyst added La to improve the catalyst coking resistance and prevent carbon formation. Moreover, La can further promote the dispersion of nickel on the surface of the carrier and improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst for steam reforming reaction.

Further Study on Networked Control Systems with Unreliable Communication Channels

Xiao Lu,Na Wang,Qingyuan Qi,Xiao Liang,Haixia Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.1

This paper focuses on the fundamental problems of linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) control and stabilization problems for networked control systems (NCSs) with unreliable communication channels (UCCs) wherepacket dropout, input delay and observation delay occur. These basic issues have attracted extensive attentions dueto broad applications. Our contributions are as follows. For the finite horizon case, without time-stamping technique, the optimal estimator is derived by using the novelty method of innovation sequences based on the delayedintermittent observations; A necessary and sufficient condition for the optimal control problem is presented on thebasis of the solution to the forward and backward difference equations (FBDEs) and two coupled Riccati equations. For the infinite horizon case, it is shown that under certain assumption, the system can stay bounded in the meansquare sense if and only if the algebraic Riccati equation admits the unique positive solution.

Mechanical properties of material in Q345GJ-C thick steel plates

Na Yang,Chao Su,Xiao-Feng Wang,Fan Bai 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.21 No.3

Thick steel plate is commonly found with mega steel structures but its properties have not been fully explored. Grade Q345GJ-C steel plate with thickness ranging from 60 mm to 120 mm are studied in this paper. Both the static and cyclic performance of material in different directions (horizontal and through-thickness directions) and locations (outer surface, 1/4 thickness and mid-depth) are experimentally obtained. The accumulative damage during cyclic loading is also calculated by using bilinear mixed hardening (BMH) constitutive relationship together with the Lemaitre's damage model. Results show that the static properties are better at the outer surface of thick steel plates than those at mid-depth. Properties in through-thickness direction are similar to those at mid-depth in the horizontal direction. The cyclic performance at different locations of a given plate is similar within the range of strain amplitude studied. However, when damage parameters identified from monotonic tensile tests are included in the numerical simulation of cyclic loading tests, damage is found accumulating faster at mid-depth than close to outer surface.

Alkaline responsive self-healing nanocontainer composite reverse osmosis membrane by layer self-assembly: Enhanced permeable and chlorine resistance properties

Xiao Xie,Qian Yang,Qiong Sun,Na Song,Liyan Yu,Lifeng Dong 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.113 No.-

Low water flux and poor chlorine resistance have become barriers to the applications of polyamidereverse osmosis (RO) membranes. Here, we design and develop a novel RO membrane with high permeabilityand self-healing chlorine resistance capability by doping alkaline-responsive polymer nanocontainersinto the polyamide layer. The nanocontainer is prepared through chemical adsorption andelectrostatic self-assembly with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the core, calcium alginate (CA) and chitosan(CS) as the repair materials, and polyaspartic acid (PASP) as the responsive shell. In addition to increasingwater transport through the channels, the PASP shell of the nanocontainer reacts with alkali during conventionalalkaline cleaning and thereby the CA and CS are released to precisely repair the chlorinatedpolyamide and restore the NaCl rejection of the RO membrane. Upon release of the nanocontainer,TiO2 is also exposed to make the membrane antibacterial. The nanocontainer doping significantlyenhances surface roughness of the RO membrane, and the water permeability of the thin-film nanocompositemembrane doped with 0.005 wt% nanocontainers is increased by 43.71% to 5.03 L/m2 h bar comparedwith the blank membrane, while performing an excellent NaCl rejection of 98.02% and maintaining95.95% after 8000 ppm h active chlorine treatment and alkaline cleaning process.