Plasma metabolites associated with physiological and biochemical indexes indicate the effect of caging stress on mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

Zheng Chao,Wu Yan,Liang Zhen Hua,Pi Jin Song,Cheng Shi Bin,Wei Wen Zhuo,Liu Jing Bo,Lu Li Zhi,Zhang Hao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.2

Objective: Cage rearing has critical implications for the laying duck industry because it is convenient for feeding and management. However, caging stress is a type of chronic stress that induces maladaptation. Environmental stress responses have been extensively studied, but no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes in plasma metabolites at different stages of caging stress in ducks. We designed this experiment to analyze the effects of caging stress on performance parameters and oxidative stress indexes in ducks. Methods: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) was used to determine the changes in metabolites in duck plasma at 5 (CR5), 10 (CR10), and 15 (CR15) days after cage rearing and traditional breeding (TB). The associated pathways of differentially altered metabolites were analyzed using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database. Results: The results of this study indicate that caging stress decreased performance parameters, and the plasma total superoxide dismutase levels were increased in the CR10 group compared with the other groups. In addition, 1,431 metabolites were detected. Compared with the TB group, 134, 381, and 190 differentially produced metabolites were identified in the CR5, CR10, and CR15 groups, respectively. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) show that the selected components sufficiently distinguish the TB group and CR10 group. KEGG analysis results revealed that the differentially altered metabolites in duck plasma from the CR5 and TB groups were mainly associated with ovarian steroidogenesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and phenylalanine metabolism. Conclusion: In this study, the production performance, blood indexes, number of metabolites and PCA were compared to determine effect of the caging stress stage on ducks. We inferred from the experimental results that caging-stressed ducks were in the sensitive phase in the first 5 days after caging, caging for approximately 10 days was an important transition phase, and then the duck continually adapted. Objective: Cage rearing has critical implications for the laying duck industry because it is convenient for feeding and management. However, caging stress is a type of chronic stress that induces maladaptation. Environmental stress responses have been extensively studied, but no detailed information is available about the comprehensive changes in plasma metabolites at different stages of caging stress in ducks. We designed this experiment to analyze the effects of caging stress on performance parameters and oxidative stress indexes in ducks.Methods: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) was used to determine the changes in metabolites in duck plasma at 5 (CR5), 10 (CR10), and 15 (CR15) days after cage rearing and traditional breeding (TB). The associated pathways of differentially altered metabolites were analyzed using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database.Results: The results of this study indicate that caging stress decreased performance parameters, and the plasma total superoxide dismutase levels were increased in the CR10 group compared with the other groups. In addition, 1,431 metabolites were detected. Compared with the TB group, 134, 381, and 190 differentially produced metabolites were identified in the CR5, CR10, and CR15 groups, respectively. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) show that the selected components sufficiently distinguish the TB group and CR10 group. KEGG analysis results revealed that the differentially altered metabolites in duck plasma from the CR5 and TB groups were mainly associated with ovarian steroidogenesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and phenylalanine metabolism.Conclusion: In this study, the production performance, blood indexes, number of metabolites and PCA were compared to determine effect of the caging stress stage on ducks. We inferred from the experimental results that caging-stressed ducks were in the sensitive phase in the first 5 days after caging, caging for approximately 10 days was an important transition phase, and then the duck continually adapted.

Electroforming mirochannel metal dies using simple multilayer photoresist moulds

Wen-Shu Zheng,Zhong-Ning Guo,Jun-Feng He,Shu-Zhen Jiang,Yong-Jun Tang,Yong-Jun Zhang 한국생산제조학회 2014 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.9(2)

LFT Modeling and Robust Stability Analysis of Missiles with Uncertain Parameters

HOU Zhen-qian,LIANG Xiao-geng,WANG Wen-zheng,LI Rui 한국항공우주학회 2014 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.15 No.2

The structured singular value (μ) analysis based method has many advantages for the robust stability analysis of missiles with uncertain parameters. Nevertheless, the present linear fractional transformation (LFT) modeling process, which is the basis of μ analysis, is complex, and not suitable for automatic implementation; on the other hand, μ analysis requires a large amount of computation, which is a burden for large-scale application. A constructive procedure, which is computationally more efficient, and which may lead to a lower order realization than existing algorithms, is proposed for LFT modeling. To reduce the calculation burden, an analysis method is developed, based on skew μ. On this basis, calculation of the supremum of μ over a fixed frequency range converts into a single skew μ value calculation. Two algorithms are given, to calculate the upper and lower bounds of skew μ, respectively. The validity of the proposed method is verified through robust stability analysis of a missile with real uncertain parameters.

Construction of Processing Maps based on Expanded Data by BP-ANN and Identification of Optimal Deforming Parameters for Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Guo-zheng Quan,Hai-rong Wen,Jia-Pan,Zhen-yu Zou 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.17 No.2

The intrinsic relationships between deforming parameters and microstructural mechanisms for Ti-6Al-4V alloy were analyzed by processing maps. A series of thermal compression tests were carried out in the temperatures range of 1023~1323 K (across β-transus) and strain rates range of 0.01~10 s-1 on a Gleeble-3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. Based on the stress-strain data collected from compression tests, a back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model was developed, which presents reliable performance in tracking and predicting strain-stress data. By utilizing this model, the volume of stress-strain data was expanded. According to the intensive stress-strain data, the apparent activation energy was calculated to be 564.05 kJ mol-1 and 300.20 kJ mol-1 for α+β-phase field and single β-phase field, respectively. Moreover, the processing maps were constructed at finer intervals of temperature, from which, the stable regions with higher power dissipation efficiency (η > 0.3) and unstable regions with negative instability parameter (ξ < 0) were clarified clearly. By combining processing map with microstructure observations, two main stable softening mechanisms, i.e., globularization and dynamic recovery (DRV) were identified, and globularization-predominant (0.3 < η < 0.55) parameter domain ( < 0.1 s-1) in α+β-phase field and DRV-predominant (0.25 < η < 0.41) parameter domain (0.032 s-1< <1 s-1) in β- phase field were recommended. Manuscript

Impact of an Information Leaflet on Knowledge of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatitis B among Chinese Youth

Ouyang, Jun-Jie,He, Wen-Jing,Zheng, Kai-Xin,Chen, Geng-Zhen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.1

Background: To assess the effect of an information leaflet on the level of Chinese youth's knowledge about hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer (PLC). Materials and Methods: A total of 500 students, from two universities in the Chaoshan area of China, were randomly divided into an intervention group of 280 participants and a control group of 220. Baseline knowledge of HCC and hepatitis B was evaluated by questionnaire interview. Subsequently, only the intervention group was given an information leaflet of HCC and hepatitis B. Three months later, the two groups were contacted for a second interview. Changes in knowledge from baseline of HCC and hepatitis B were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in mean PRE-questionnaire scores between the intervention and control groups. However, the mean POST-questionnaire score was significantly higher in the intervention group after the intervention. The leaflet had the greatest effect on the participants' questionnaire score, and raised their level of knowledge about HCC and hepatitis B. Conclusions: The information leaflet intervention is significantly effective in improving the knowledge of HCC and hepatitis B among the youth.

A REVIEW OF STUDIES ON OCEAN TIDES AND MEAN SEA LEVEL IN CHINA

Guo Hong Fang,Wen Zhen Zheng 한국해안해양공학회 1999 학술강연회 발표논문초록집 Vol.1 No.1

The observation, analysis, prediction and dynamical studies on ocean tides and tidal currents in China in the recent 50 years are reviewed in the present paper. The major achievements and problems are reported. During recent 50 years, many tidal stations have been established and many short-period current observations have been carried out. The confusion in gauge zero existing in historical tidal data is considered as a most serious problem, and long-period current observations are still limited. Methods for analyzing and predicting tides and tidal currents have been developed. Tide and tidal current tables and charts published are sufficient for practical applications. Progresses in theoretical studies have also been achieved, in particular, on the effects of the friction on tides and tidal currents. Numerical modeling has become a popular measure in tidal prediction. Many studies on relative sea level rise have been carried out. Most of investigations indicate that the rising rates are around zero for the northern China coast and in the range of 1-2 ㎜/a for the southern China coast. However, acquisition of more reliable long-term sea level data is still required.

Numerical Simulation of Hot-Carrier Gate and Injection Current in Deep-Submicron Thin-Film SOI/MOSFET Using Exact Field Distribution

Cao,Jain Min,Wu,Chuan Liang,Shen,Wen ZhEng,Huang,Chang,Li,Yin Bo,Xu,Yang Zhen 대한전자공학회 1997 ICVC : International Conference on VLSI and CAD Vol.5 No.1

Start with 2D simulation of hot-carrier injection current. in this pier, we have discussed the influence of different silicon film thickness (Tsi), gate oxide thickness (Tox1) and substrate doping (Na) an the hot-carrier effects of thin-film deep submicron SOI/MOSFET. Simulation results indicate that, with reduction of Tsi, the hot-carrier current is reduced (by more than 2 orders); and in Tsi range of 0.05-0.1μ. the hot carrier carrent is smallest and insensitive to Tox1, Na and Tsi. These are helpful to the design of high reliability SOI/MOSFET.

Characterization and uncertainty of uplift load-displacement behaviour of belled piers

Lu, Xian-long,Qian, Zeng-zhen,Zheng, Wei-feng,Yang, Wen-zhi Techno-Press 2016 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.11 No.2

A total of 99 full-scale field load tests at 22 sites were compiled for this study to elucidate several issues related to the load-displacement behaviour of belled piers under axial uplift loading, including (1) interpretation criteria to define various elastic, inelastic, and "failure" states for each load test from the load-displacement curve; (2) generalized correlations among these states and determinations to the predicted ultimate uplift resistances; (3) uncertainty in the resistance model factor statistics required for reliability-based ultimate limit state (ULS) design; (4) uncertainty associated with the normalized load-displacement curves and the resulting model factor statistics required for reliability-based serviceability limit state (SLS) design; and (5) variations of the combined ULS and SLS model factor statistics for reliability-based limit state designs. The approaches discussed in this study are practical and grounded realistically on the load tests of belled piers with minimal assumptions. The results on the characterization and uncertainty of uplift load-displacement behaviour of belled piers could be served as to extend the early contributions for reliability-based ULS and SLS designs.

Cold-Stress Response of Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum K25 by iTRAQ Proteomic Analysis

Shaoli Liu,Yimiao Ma,Yi Zheng,Wen Zhao,Xiao Zhao,Tianqi Luo,Jian Zhang,Zhen-Nai Yang 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.2

To understand the molecular mechanism involved in the survivability of cold-tolerant lactic acid bacteria was of great significance in food processing, since these bacteria play a key role in a variety of low-temperature fermented foods. In this study, the cold-stress response of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum K25 isolated from Tibetan kefir grains was analyzed by iTRAQ proteomic method. By comparing differentially expressed (DE) protein profiles of the strain incubated at 10oC and 37oC, 506 DE proteins were identified. The DE proteins involved in carbohydrate, amino acid and fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism were significantly down-regulated, leading to a specific energy conservation survival mode. The DE proteins related to DNA repair, transcription and translation were up-regulated, implicating change of gene expression and more protein biosynthesis needed in response to cold stress. In addition, two-component system, quorum sensing and ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters also participated in cell cold-adaptation process. These findings provide novel insight into the cold-resistance mechanism in L. plantarum with potential application in low temperature fermented or preserved foods.

Correlation of Overexpression of Nestin with Expression of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related Proteins in Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Liu, Jin-Kai,Chen, Wan-Cheng,Ji, Xiao-Zhen,Zheng, Wen-Hong,Han, Wei,An, Jing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7

Background: Nestin is associated with neoplastic transformation. However, the mechanisms by which nestin contributes regarding invasion and malignancy of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) remain unknown. Recent studies have shown that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important in invasion and migration of cancer cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the expression of nestin and its correlation with EMT-related proteins in GAC. Materials and Methods: The expression of nestin and EMT-related proteins was examined in GAC specimens and cell lines by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Positive nestin immunostaining was most obviously detected in the cytoplasm, nucleus or both cytoplasm and nucleus of tumor cells in 19.2% (24/125) of GAC tissues, which was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosa tissues (1.7%, 1/60) (p=0.001). Nestin expression was closely related to several clinicopathological factors and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail) and displayed a poor prognosis. Interestingly, simultaneous cytoplasmic and nuclear nestin expression correlated with EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail) (p<0.05) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.041) and a shorter survival time (p<0.05), but this was not the case with cytoplasmic or nuclear nestin expression. Conclusions: Nestin, particularly expression in both cytoplasm and nucleus, might be involved in regulating EMT and malignant progression in GAC, with potential as an unfavorable indicator in tumor diagnosis and a target for clinical therapy.