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( Wen Guang Fan ),( Gui Cheng Huo ),( Xiao Min Li ),( Li Jie Yang ),( Cui Cui Duan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2
The development of the gut is controlled and modulated by different interacting mechanisms, such as genetic endowment, intrinsic biological regulatory functions, environment influences and last but no least, the diet influence. In this work, we compared the fecal microbiota of breast-fed (BF), formula-fed (FF), and mixed-fed (MF) infants from Hebei Province, China. By using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing analyses, we found some differences in gut microbiota in the three groups. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria at the phylum level in the three groups, where FF infants showed a significant depletion in Bacteroidetes (p < 0.001) and Actinobacteria (p < 0.05). Enterobacteriaceae was the dominant bacteria at the family level in the three groups, but FF infants showed higher Enterobacteriaceae enrichment than BF and MF infants (p < 0.05); the abundance of the Bifidobacteriaceae was only 8.16% in the feces of BF infants, but higher than in MF and FF infants (p < 0.05). The number of genera detected (abundance >0.01%) in BF, MF, and FF infants was only 15, 16, and 13, respectively. This study could provide more accurate and scientific data for the future study of infant intestinal flora.
Exosomes from CIITA-Transfected CT26 Cells Enhance Anti-tumor Effects
Fan, Wen,Tian, Xing-De,Huang, E.,Zhang, Jia-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2
Aim: To study anti-tumor effects of exosomes from class II transactivator (CIITA) gene transfected CT26 cells. Methods: In this study, we established an MHC class II molecule-expressing murine colon cancer cell line (CT26-CIITA) by transduction of the CIITA gene. Immune effects in vitro and tumor protective results in vivo were tested and monitored. Results: Exosomes from CT26-CIITA cells were found to contain a high level of MHC class II protein. When loaded on dendritic cells (DCs), exosomes from CT26-CIITA cells significantly increased expression of MHC class II molecules, CD86 and CD80, as compared to exosomes from CT26 cells. In vitro assays using co-culture of immunized splenocytes and exosome-loaded DCs demonstrated that CIITA-Exo enhanced splenocyte proliferation and IFN-${\gamma}$ production of CD4+T cells, while inhibiting IL-10 secretion. In addition, compared to exosomes from CT26 cells, CT26-CIITA-derived exosomes induced higher TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-12 mRNA levels. A mouse tumour preventive model showed that CT26-CIITA derived exosomes significantly inhibited tumour growth in a dose-dependent manner and significantly prolonged the survival time of tumour-bearing mice. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that CT26-CIITA-released exosomes are more efficient to induce anti-tumour immune responses, suggesting a potential role of MHC class II-containing tumour exosomes as cancer vaccine candidates.
Evaluation of Two Lagrangian Dual Optimization Algorithms for Large-Scale Unit Commitment Problems
Fan, Wen,Liao, Yuan,Lee, Jong-Beom,Kim, Yong-Kab The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2012 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.7 No.1
Lagrangian relaxation is the most widely adopted method for solving unit commitment (UC) problems. It consists of two steps: dual optimization and primal feasible solution construction. The dual optimization step is crucial in determining the overall performance of the solution. This paper intends to evaluate two dual optimization methods - one based on subgradient (SG) and the other based on the cutting plane. Large-scale UC problems with hundreds of thousands of variables and constraints have been generated for evaluation purposes. It is found that the evaluated SG method yields very promising results.
Evaluation of Two Lagrangian Dual Optimization Algorithms for Large-Scale Unit Commitment Problems
Wen Fan,Yuan Liao,Jong-Beom Lee,Yong-Kab Kim 대한전기학회 2012 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.7 No.1
Lagrangian relaxation is the most widely adopted method for solving unit commitment (UC) problems. It consists of two steps: dual optimization and primal feasible solution construction. The dual optimization step is crucial in determining the overall performance of the solution. This paper intends to evaluate two dual optimization methods - one based on subgradient (SG) and the other based on the cutting plane. Large-scale UC problems with hundreds of thousands of variables and constraints have been generated for evaluation purposes. It is found that the evaluated SG method yields very promising results.
Estimating the External Returns to Education: Evidence from China
( Wen Fan ),( Yuan Yuan Ma ) 한국정책학회 2013 한국정책학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.2
We examine how individual wage changes associated with the share of college graduates in a given province using longitudinal data from China Health and Nutrition Survey. The individual fixed effect model shows that the external returns to education in China appear to be zero. We estimate an instrumental variables fixed effects model where share of college graduates is instrumented by the number of universities with special status and find positive external returns to education of about 10% to 14%. We also find the returns are affected by individual heterogeneity. While negligible returns are found for urban, women and highly-educated workers respectively, the returns are positive and statistically significant for rural, men and low educated workers. This finding provides motivations for increasing education investment in rural China and targeting it more towards poorly educated workers.