Stafne bone cavity and cone-beam computed tomography: a report of two cases

Venkatesh, Elluru The Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial S 2015 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.41 No.3

In 1942 Stafne reported 35 asymptomatic, radiolucent cavities that were unilaterally located in the posterior region of the mandible between the mandibular angle and the third molar, and below the mandibular canal. The term Stafne bone cavity (SBC) is now used for such asymptomatic lingual bone depressions of the lower jaw. Since then there have been many reports of SBCs but very fews tudies have used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for their diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of two cases of SBCs and the importance of limited CBCT in confirming the diagnosis.

Current views on temperature-modulated <i>R</i> gene-mediated plant defense responses and tradeoffs between plant growth and immunity

Venkatesh, Jelli,Kang, Byoung-Cheorl Elsevier 2019 Current opinion in plant biology Vol.50 No.-

<P>Elevated ambient temperatures will likely be a key consequence of climate change over the next few decades. Adverse climatic changes could make crop plants more vulnerable to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses, which would have a major impact on worldwide food production in the future. Recent studies have indicated that elevated temperatures directly and/or indirectly affect plant–pathogen interactions. Elevated temperatures alter multiple signal transduction pathways related to stress responses in the host plant. High temperatures can also influence plant pathogenesis, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms associated with such effects. An improved understanding of the molecular genetic mechanisms involved in plant immune responses under elevated temperatures will be essential to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change to ensure future food security. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the effects of temperature on resistance (<I>R</I>) gene and/or regulators of <I>R</I> genes in plant defense responses and summarize current evidence for tradeoffs between plant growth and immunity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>R</I> genes are critical components of temperature-modulated defense mechanisms. </LI> <LI> PhyB and PIF4 integrate temperature and defense responses. </LI> <LI> Plant immune responses are constrained by tradeoffs with temperature-dependent growth. </LI> <LI> The temperature sensitivity of regulators of <I>R</I> genes plays an important role in modulation of plant defense. </LI> </UL> </P>

Femoral lengthening in achondroplasia: magnitude of lengthening in relation to patterns of callus, stiffness of adjacent joints and fracture.

Venkatesh, K P,Modi, H N,Devmurari, K,Yoon, J Y,Anupama, B R,Song, H R Published for the British Editorial Society of Bon 2009 The Bone & Joint Journal Vol.91 No.12

<P>Extensive limb lengthening may be indicated in achondroplastic patients who wish to achieve a height within the normal range for their population. However, increasing the magnitude of lengthening is associated with further complications particularly adjacent joint stiffness and fractures. We studied the relationship between the magnitude of femoral lengthening and callus pattern, adjacent joint stiffness and fracture of the regenerate bone in 40 femoral lengthenings in 20 achondroplastic patients. They were divided into two groups; group A had lengthening of less than 50% and group B of more than 50% of their initial femoral length. The patterns of radiological callus formation were classified according to shape, type and features. The incidence of callus features, knee stiffness and regenerate bone fracture were analysed in the two groups. Group B was associated with an increased incidence of concave, lateral and central callus shapes, adjacent joint and stiffness and fracture. Statistically, the incidence of stiffness in adjacent joints and regenerate bone fracture was significantly associated with the magnitude of lengthening. We suggest that careful radiological assessment of the patterns of callus formation is a useful method for the evaluation and monitoring of regenerate bone.</P>

Guidelines for Fire Resistant Design of Concrete-Filled Steel HSS Columns--State-of-the-Art and Research Needs

Venkatesh Kodur 한국강구조학회 2007 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.7 No.3

The use of concrete filling offers a practical alternative for providing the required fire resistance in steel hollow structuralpaper presents a critical review on the fire performance of concrete-filled HSS columns. The various studies on fire resistanceof concrete-filed steel columns are reviewed and the available design information for evaluating the fire performance ofconcrete-filed HSS columns is sumarized. Practical guidelines that can be implemented during the design and constructionphase, and which have beneficial effects on the fire-resistance behaviour of concrete-filed hollow steel columns, are presented.onsof the curent design approaches are discussed. Finally, steps needed for the development of an approach for performance-basedfire safety design for concrete-filled stel columns is outlined.

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Analysis of BTA Removal by TMAH during Post Cu CMP Cleaning Process

Venkatesh, R. Prasanna,Cho, Byoung Jun,Ramanathan, S.,Park, Jin-Goo The Electrochemical Society 2012 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.159 No.11

Ligand Based Pharmacophore Identification and Molecular Docking Studies for Grb2 Inhibitors

Venkatesh Arulalapperumal,Sugunadevi Sakkiah,Sundarapandian Thangapandian,이유노,Chandrasekaran Meganathan,황수완,이근우 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.5

Grb2 is an adapter protein involved in the signal transduction and cell communication. The Grb2 is responsible for initiation of kinase signaling by Ras activation which leads to the modification in transcription. Ligand based pharmacophore approach was applied to built the suitable pharmacophore model for Grb2. The best pharmacophore model was selected based on the statistical values and then validated by Fischer’s randomization method and test set. Hypo1 was selected as a best pharmacophore model based on its statistical values like high cost difference (182.22), lowest RMSD (1.273), and total cost (80.68). It contains four chemical features, one hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), two hydrophobic (HY), and one ring aromatic (RA). Fischer’s randomization results also shows that Hypo1 have a 95% significant level. The correlation coefficient of test set was 0.97 which was close to the training set value (0.94). Thus Hypo1 was used for virtual screening to find the potent inhibitors from various chemical databases. The screened compounds were filtered by Lipinski’s rule of five, ADMET and subjected to molecular docking studies. Totally, 11 compounds were selected as a best potent leads from docking studies based on the consensus scoring function and critical interactions with the amino acids in Grb2 active site.

Fine Mapping of the Dominant Potyvirus Resistance Gene Pvr7 Reveals a Relationship with Pvr4 in Capsicum annuum

Venkatesh, Jelli,An, Jeongtak,Kang, Won-Hee,Jahn, Molly,Kang, Byoung-Cheorl American Phytopathological Society] 2018 Phytopathology Vol.108 No.1

<P> Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) is the most common potyvirus infection of pepper plants and causes significant yield losses. The Pvr7 gene from Capsicum chinense PI159236 and the Pvr4 gene from C. annuum CM334 both have been reported to confer dominant resistance to PepMoV. The Pvr7 locus conferring resistance to PepMoV in C. annuum '9093' was previously mapped to chromosome 10. To develop a high-resolution map of the Pvr7 locus in 9093, we constructed an intraspecific F<SUB>2</SUB> mapping population consisting of 916 individuals by crossing PepMoV-resistant C. annuum '9093' and the PepMoV-susceptible C. annuum 'Jeju'. To delimit the Pvr7 target region, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from the Pvr4 region were used for genotyping the F<SUB>2</SUB> population. Molecular mapping delimited the Pvr7 locus to a physical interval of 258 kb, which was the same region as Pvr4 on chromosome 10. Three SNP markers derived from Pvr4 mapping perfectly cosegregated with PepMoV resistance. Sequencing analyses of the Pvr7 flanking markers and the Pvr4-specific gene indicated that Pvr7 and Pvr4 are the same gene. Resistance spectrum analysis of 9093 against pepper potyviruses showed that 9093 has a resistance spectrum similar to that of cultivar CM334. These combined results demonstrate that, unlike previously thought, the dominant PepMoV resistance in 9093 could be derived from C. annuum 'CM334', and that Pvr4 and Pvr7 should be considered as the same locus. </P>

An Exhaustive Solution of Power System Unit Commitment Problem Using Enhanced Binary Salp Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Venkatesh Kumar C.,Ramesh Babu M. 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.1

The Unit Commitment (UC) problem is a combinatorial optimization problem in power system operation with the key focus on achieving optimum commitment schedule of the generators for forecasted demand and spinning reserve. The computational complexity to determine a solution for the UC problem grows exponentially with the number of generators and system constraints. In this paper, the UC problem is formulated as a mixed-integer optimization problem and solved using novel Adaptive Binary Salp Swarm Algorithm by considering minimum up/down time limits, prohibited operating zones, spinning reserve, valve-point eff ect, and ramp rate limits. The proposed algorithm is tested for effi ciency on the standard 10-unit system, 26-unit RTS system, 54-unit IEEE 118-bus system, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100-unit systems. Additionally, an Adaptive Multi-Objective Binary Salp Swarm Optimization Algorithm is proposed for resolving the bi-objective emission constrained UC problem and tested using a 10-unit system. The obtained results are analyzed for positive diff erences against other algorithms from the literature. The statistical analysis exhibits the effi ciency of the proposed method for large scale real-time systems.

Creating round focused micro-jets from rectangular nozzles

Venkatesh Inguva,Rita Graceffa,Joachim Schulz,Osman Bilsel,Blair J. Perot 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.9

A focused jet is an axisymmetric jet of liquid surrounded by an outer coaxial gas jet. The gas jet is typically used to compress the liquid jet in the radial direction thereby focusing it. At microscales, it is difficult to manufacture micro-scale delivery nozzles (needles) and to consistently align and axially position the liquid and the gas needles. However, it is very easy, using standard etching technologies to make precise and repeatable rectangular nozzle designs. This work will therefore explore the geometric and fluid dynamics constraints that allow one to design rectangular nozzles that produce round coaxial micro-jets of liquid and gas. Because of the small scales, the fluid dynamics of the focusing jet is unusual, and this work demonstrates that the liquid jet is best focused by shear stretching and not via gas compression. This paper shows that sheet jetting occurs when the Reynolds number of the gas is too high. Dripping occurs when the Weber number of the liquid is too low. The desired round jet occurs by balancing Weber number of the liquid jet and Reynolds number of the gas such that surface tension at the interface holds the water jet round while the acceleration of the water jet due to shear at the interface from fast-moving air causes the liquid jet cross-sectional area to decrease. The goal of this initial paper is to demonstrate that a parameter region exists where this flow behavior is possible.

Enhancing fire resistance of steel bridges through composite action

Venkatesh K.R. Kodur,Augusto Gil 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.43 No.3

Bridge fire hazard has become a growing concern over the last decade due to the rapid increase of ground transportation of hazardous materials and resulting fire incidents. The lack of fire safety provisions in steel bridges can be a significant issue owing steel thermal properties that lead to fast degradation of steel properties at elevated temperatures. Alternatively, the development of composite action between steel girders and concrete decks can increase the fire resistance of steel bridges and meet fire safety requirements in some applications. This paper reviews the fire problem in steel bridges and the fire behavior of composite steel-concrete bridge girders. A numerical model is developed to trace the fire response of a typical bridge girder and is validated using measurements from fire tests. The selected bridge girder is composed by a hot rolled steel section strengthened with bearing stiffeners at midspan and supports. A concrete slab sitting on the top of the girder is connected to the slab through shear studs to provide full composite action. The validated numerical model was used to investigate the fire resistance of real scale bridge girders and the effect of the composite action under different scenarios (standard and hydrocarbon fires). Results showed that composite action can significantly increase the fire resistance of steel bridge girders. Besides, fire severity played an important role in the fire behavior of composite girders and both factors should be taken into consideration in the design of steel bridges for fire safety.