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Pulsed low-dose rate radiotherapy for recurrent bone sarcomas: case reports and brief review
Ru Xin Wong(Ru Xin Wong ),Zubin Master(Zubin Master ),Eric Pang(Eric Pang ),Valerie Yang(Valerie Yang ),Wen Shen Looi(Wen Shen Looi ) 대한방사선종양학회 2024 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.42 No.1
Purpose: Re-irradiation for bulky recurrent sarcoma carries significant risks. Pulsed low-dose rate radiotherapy (PLDR) is an attractive option for re-irradiation due to inherent radiobiological advantages. Materials and Methods: We present two patients who underwent re-irradiation using PLDR technique, followed by a literature review. Results: The first case is that of a 76-year-old male who developed an in-field recurrence of a bulky pelvic bone high-grade chondrosarcoma after he was treated with definitive radiotherapy using helical TomoTherapy with a total dose of 66 Gy. The patient was re-irradiated using PLDR with a shrinking field technique; 50 Gy in 2 Gy fractions followed by a boost of 20 Gy in 2 Gy fractions. The patient remains disease-free without significant toxicity 60 months post-irradiation. The second case is that of an 82-year-old female who was treated with a definitive irradiation of 66 Gy in 33 fractions for a right shoulder grade II chondrosarcoma. She developed an in-field recurrence 28 months later and presented with bulky disease causing brachial plexopathy and lymphedema. The patient was re-irradiated with a palliative intent to a total dose of 50 Gy in 2 Gy fractions over 5 weeks using PLDR. Brachial plexopathy resolved shortly after re-irradiation, but local progression near the surface was evident 8 months later. She passed away from unrelated causes 11 months later. Conclusion: We present two cases highlighting our early experience with PLDR, which was effective in the re-irradiation of recurrent bony sarcoma. Our study highlights PLDR as an option for re-irradiation in recurrent unresectable tumors.
KINEMATIC OSCILLATIONS OF POST-CME BLOBS DETECTED BY K-COR ON 2017 SEPTEMBER 10
Lee, Jae-Ok,Cho, Kyung-Suk,Nakariakov, Valery M.,Lee, Harim,Kim, Rok-Soon,Jang, Soojeong,Yang, Heesu,Kim, Sujin,Kim, Yeon-Han The Korean Astronomical Society 2021 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.54 No.2
We investigate 20 post-coronal mass ejection (CME) blobs formed in the post-CME current sheet (CS) that were observed by K-Cor on 2017 September 10. By visual inspection of the trajectories and projected speed variations of each blob, we find that all blobs except one show irregular "zigzag" trajectories resembling transverse oscillatory motions along the CS, and have at least one oscillatory pattern in their instantaneous radial speeds. Their oscillation periods are ranging from 30 to 91 s and their speed amplitudes from 128 to 902 km s-1. Among 19 blobs, 10 blobs have experienced at least two cycles of radial speed oscillations with different speed amplitudes and periods, while 9 blobs undergo one oscillation cycle. To examine whether or not the apparent speed oscillations can be explained by vortex shedding, we estimate the quantitative parameter of vortex shedding, the Strouhal number, by using the observed lateral widths, linear speeds, and oscillation periods of the blobs. We then compare our estimates with theoretical and experimental results from MHD simulations and fluid dynamic experiments. We find that the observed Strouhal numbers range from 0.2 to 2.1, consistent with those (0.15-3.0) from fluid dynamic experiments of bluff spheres, while they are higher than those (0.15-0.25) from MHD simulations of cylindrical shapes. We thus find that blobs formed in a post-CME CS undergo kinematic oscillations caused by fluid dynamic vortex shedding. The vortex shedding is driven by the interaction of the outward-moving blob having a bluff spherical shape with the background plasma in the post-CME CS.
분자동역학을 이용한 그래파이트 표면에서의 화학적 삭마현상에 관한 분자 수준의 이해
Ramki Murugesan,박경락(Gyoung Lark Park),Valery I. Levitas,양희성(Heesung Yang),박재현(Jae Hyun Park),하동성(Dongsung Ha) 한국추진공학회 2015 한국추진공학회지 Vol.19 No.6
We present a microscopic understanding of the chemical erosion due to combustion product on the nozzle throat using molecular dynamics simulations. The present erosion process consists of molecule-addition step and equilibrium step. First, either CO₂ or H₂O are introduced into the system with high velocity to provoke the collision with graphite surface. Then, the equilibrium simulation is followed. The collision-included dissociation and its influence on the erosion is emphasized and the present molecular observations are compared with the macroscopic chemical reaction model.
Protein N-Glycosylation, Protein Folding, and Protein Quality Control
Roth, Jurgen,Zuber, Christian,Park, Su-Jin,Jang, In-Sook,Lee, Yang-Sin,Kysela, Katarina Gaplovska,Le Fourn, Valerie,Santimaria, Roger,Guhl, Bruno,Cho, Jin-Won Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.6
Quality control of protein folding represents a fundamental cellular activity. Early steps of protein N-glycosylation involving the removal of three glucose and some specific mannose residues in the endoplasmic reticulum have been recognized as being of importance for protein quality control. Specific oligosaccharide structures resulting from the oligosaccharide processing may represent a glycocode promoting productive protein folding, whereas others may represent glyco-codes for routing not correctly folded proteins for dislocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol and subsequent degradation. Although quality control of protein folding is essential for the proper functioning of cells, it is also the basis for protein folding disorders since the recognition and elimination of non-native conformers can result either in loss-of-function or pathological-gain-of-function. The machinery for protein folding control represents a prime example of an intricate interactome present in a single organelle, the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, current views of mechanisms for the recognition and retention leading to productive protein folding or the eventual elimination of misfolded glycoproteins in yeast and mammalian cells are reviewed.
Visualizing anisotropic propagation of stripe domain walls in staircaselike transitions ofIrTe2
Mauerer, Tobias,Vogt, Matthias,Hsu, Pin-Jui,Pascut, Gheorghe Lucian,Haule, Kristjan,Kiryukhin, Valery,Yang, Junjie,Cheong, Sang-Wook,Wu, Weida,Bode, Matthias American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.94 No.1
<P>We present a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of the domain evolution across two first-order phase transitions of stripe modulations in IrTe2 that occur at T-C approximate to 275 K and T-S approximate to 180 K, respectively. Phase coexistence of the hexagonal (1 x 1) structure and the (5 x 1) stripe modulation is observed at TC, while various (p x 1) modulations (p = 3n + 2 with 2 <= n is an element of N) are observed below T-S. Using STM atomic resolution, we observe anisotropic propagation of domain boundaries along different directions, indicating significantly different kinetic energy barriers. These results are consistently explained by a theoretical analysis of the energy barrier for domain wall propagation as obtained by density functional theory. Individual switching processes observed by STM indicate that the wide temperature range of the transition from the (5 x 1) stripes to the (6 x 1)-ordered ground state is probably caused by the numerically limited subset of switching processes that are allowed between a given initial and the final state. The observations on IrTe2 are discussed in terms of a 'harmless staircase' with a finite number of first-order transitions between commensurate phases and within a 'dynamical freezing' scenario.</P>