Risk factors for severity of colonic diverticular hemorrhage

Ken Kinjo,Toshiyuki Matsui,Takashi Hisabe,Hiroshi Ishihara,Toshiki Kojima,Kenta Chuman,Shigeyoshi Yasukawa,Tsuyoshi Beppu,Akihiro Koga,Satoshi Ishikawa,Masahiro Kishi,Noritaka Takatsu,Fumihito Hirai,K 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.3

Background/Aims: Colonic diverticular hemorrhage (DH) was a rare disease until the 1990s, and its incidence has increased rapidly since 2000 in Japan. In recent years, colonic DH has been the most frequent cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). Nearly all cases of DH are mild, with the bleeding often stopping spontaneously. Some cases, however, require surgery or arterial embolization. In this study, using a cohort at Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, we investigated factors associated with severe colonic DH. Methods: Among patients with LGIB who underwent colonoscopy at our hospital between 1995 and 2013, DH was identified in 273 patients. Among them, 62 patients (22.7%) were defined as having severe colonic DH according to recurrence of bleeding in a short period, and/or the necessity of transfusion, arterial embolization, or surgery. We then evaluated risk factors for severe DH among DH patients in this retrospective cohort. Results: Among the 273 patients with DH, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (odds ratio [OR], 2.801; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.164–6.742), Charlson Risk Index (CRI) ≥2 (OR, 3.336; 95% CI, 1.154–7.353), right-sided colonic DH (OR, 3.873; 95% CI, 1.554–9.653), and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion (such as light-headedness, dizziness, or syncope) (OR, 2.926; 95% CI, 1.310–6.535) showed an increased risk of severe DH even after controlling for other factors. Conclusions: Severe DH occurred in 23% of DH patients, and NSAID use, CRI ≥2, right-sided colonic DH, and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion are suggested to be predictors of severe DH.

돼지에 있어서 수정란의 외과적 채란 및 이식에 관한 연구

김희석,소율 기언,소도 민지,상마 정 濟州大學校 農科大學 動物科學硏究所 1993 動物科學論叢 Vol.8 No.1

Embryos collected on day 5 were best in the recovery rate and number of embryos. The number of embryos collected was most in 1 to 2 surgery times but the recovery rate of it was slightly lower. The conception rate and litter size were high when the embryos were transfered on day 4 after estrus and when the number of ovulation was 16 to 20 . While the litter size was more when the donors came into heat 1 day ealier than 2 days ealier and when the embryos were collected on day 6 than when collected on day 5, conception rates were higher when the donors came into heat 2 days ealier than when came into heat 1 day ealier and when the embryos were collected on day 5 than when collected on day 6.

Evaluation of the effect of a 3rd GnRH injection administered six days after the 2nd GnRH injection of Ovsynch on the reproductive performance of Japanese black cows

Abdurraouf Omar Gaja,Katsumi Hamana,Toshiyuki Kojima,Chikara Kubota 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.3

This study was designed to evaluate the reproductive performance of Japanese black cows following the 3rd injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue administered concurrently with Ovsynch-based treatment on day 6 (day 1 = the day of ovulation). In Experiment 1, 12 cows were allocated into three groups: a control group that was subjected to Ovsynch treatment and then injected with a placebo on day 6; group 1 (Ovsynch + GnRH), which was subjected to Ovsynch treatment and was injected with GnRH analogue on day 6, and group 2 (Ovsynch + controlled internal drug-release (CIDR) + GnRH), which received Ovsynch-CIDR treatment and was injected with GnRH analogue on day 6. Blood collection and ultrasonographic observation of the ovaries were conducted daily. Both treatments induced the formation of an accessory corpus luteum and significantly increased the cross-sectional area of the luteal tissue when compared to the control. However, plasma progesterone (P4) was significantly higher in the treatment groups than in the control group on days 11, 12, 17 and 18 in the group 1 and from day 10 to 21 in the group 2. In Experiment 2, 41 cows were assigned to the same three groups described above and then artificially inseminated on day 1. The pregnancy rates on day 45 did not differ among groups. In conclusion, administration of GnRH analogue on day 6 following Ovsynch-based treatment did not improve the reproductive performance of Japanese black cows, even though the P4 concentration was higher in groups that received the GnRH.

돼지의 수정란 이식에 관한 연구 1 . 채란시기 및 반복채란이 수정란의 생산에 미치는 영향

김희석(H . S . Kim),소도민지(Toshiyuki Kojima),상마정(Tadashi Soma) 한국축산학회 1990 한국축산학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of collection days of embryos, surgery times by repeated recovery, and number of follicles on the number of embryos recovered, developmental stage and number of transferable embryos in order to provide the basic data for the surgical collection of pig embryos. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows, 1. The superovulation was induced by PMSG 1.000IU and HCG 500IU on day 15 to 16 of estrus cycle. The average number of embryos collected on day 4, 5 and 6 following HCG injection were 13.1, 17.1 and 12.7, respectively, and recovery rate was 97.8, 96.6 and 81.9%. Embryos collected on day 5 were best in the recovery rate and number of embryos collected. 2. In the developmental stage by recovery days, the percentages of 2-to 16-cell on day 4 morula to blastocyst on day 5 blastocyst to hatched blastocyst on day 6 were 28.2% 38.0% and 61%, respectively. 3, The abnomal rates of embryos collected on day 4, 5 and 6 were 43.6%, 13.9%, and 23.6% respectively. 4. The average number of embryos collected by the no. of` operations for the repeated collection was 19.2, 13.0 and 13.7 in 1st and 2nd surgery. 3rd and 4th and over 5th surgery, respectively. The number of embryos collected was most in 1st to 2nd surgery but the recovery rate of it was slightly lower. The percentages of transferable embryos by repeated operation were 42.2%, 76.9% and 75.9% in 1st and 2nd, 3rd and 4th and over 5th operation respectively, but there were no significant differences in the number of transferable embryos among the operation times. 5. The number of embryos collected from ovaries without unruptured follicle was 16.1 and the recovery rate was 94.7% and the number and the percentages of normal embryos were 12.3 and 74.6% respectively which were higher than those from ovaries with the unruptured follicles.

Benign Symposium Rectal prolapse

Hiroyoshi Matsuoka,Tadahiko Masaki,Tetsuo Yamana,Shoichi Tanaka,Akira Tsunoda,Koichiro Kojima,Tomokazu Kishiki,Kouhei Takayasu,Nobutsugu Abe,Toshiyuki Mori,Masanori Sugiyama 대한외과학회 2014 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.11

Luteal lifespan and fertility after estrus synchronization in goats

Lu Meng Chao,Koji Takayama,Yoshitaka Nakanishi,Katsumi Hamana,Mitsuhiro Takagi,Toshiyuki Kojima,Chikara Kubota 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.1

The present experiment aims to examine the efficiency of estrus synchronization using progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and to look at luteal function. During the non-breeding and breeding season, 5 adult female Korean native goats were injected intramuscularly with 2.5 ml of physiological saline as the control. A progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge was then kept in the same goats for 10 days followed, after a week, by an intramuscular injection of 500 IU eCG. Five adult female Nubian goats were mated with a fertile buck during the non-breeding season. During the non-breeding season 2 of the 5 goats showed a normal estrous cycle (ranging from 18 to 21 days) and 3 a short estrous cycle (ranging from 3 to 6 days). During the breeding season the equivalent figures were 1 and 2. The major axes of the corpus luteum (CL) were measured by means of calipers built into the ultrasonography system, and the concentrations of plasma progesterone (P4) were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay. The mean major axes of the CL in goats showing the short cycle (6.1 ± 0.5 mm) was significantly smaller than in those showing the normal cycle (8.9 ± 0.5 mm; p < 0.01) and also the value of P4 in goats showing the short cycle (4.2 ± 2.1 ng/ml) was significantly lower than for those showing the normal cycle (10.3 ± 4.3 ng/ml; p < 0.05) at day 3 following ovulation. Three out of 5 Nubian goats became pregnant but only one goat carried to full term. The present experiment indicated that a combination of progesterone and eCG was effective in inducing estrus, although it resulted in a high incidence of short luteal lifespan. The low kidding rate and high incidence of embryonic loss may be due to the instability of the luteal lifespan. The present experiment aims to examine the efficiency of estrus synchronization using progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and to look at luteal function. During the non-breeding and breeding season, 5 adult female Korean native goats were injected intramuscularly with 2.5 ml of physiological saline as the control. A progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge was then kept in the same goats for 10 days followed, after a week, by an intramuscular injection of 500 IU eCG. Five adult female Nubian goats were mated with a fertile buck during the non-breeding season. During the non-breeding season 2 of the 5 goats showed a normal estrous cycle (ranging from 18 to 21 days) and 3 a short estrous cycle (ranging from 3 to 6 days). During the breeding season the equivalent figures were 1 and 2. The major axes of the corpus luteum (CL) were measured by means of calipers built into the ultrasonography system, and the concentrations of plasma progesterone (P4) were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay. The mean major axes of the CL in goats showing the short cycle (6.1 ± 0.5 mm) was significantly smaller than in those showing the normal cycle (8.9 ± 0.5 mm; p < 0.01) and also the value of P4 in goats showing the short cycle (4.2 ± 2.1 ng/ml) was significantly lower than for those showing the normal cycle (10.3 ± 4.3 ng/ml; p < 0.05) at day 3 following ovulation. Three out of 5 Nubian goats became pregnant but only one goat carried to full term. The present experiment indicated that a combination of progesterone and eCG was effective in inducing estrus, although it resulted in a high incidence of short luteal lifespan. The low kidding rate and high incidence of embryonic loss may be due to the instability of the luteal lifespan.