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Contact Constraint Representation in an Assembly Using Configuration Space
Tokunaga, Hitoshi,Tanaka, Fumiki,Kishinami, Takeshi 대한기계학회 1996 International Sessions in Celebration of the 50th Vol.1 No.1
In order to represent an assembly whose components have a degree of freedom (for example, kinematic mechanism), a method for deriving the position and orientation of each component in the assemlbly from the contact constraints of its geometrical elements is required. In this paper, an assembly model which represents an assembly whose components have a degree of freedom is proposed. First, a contact constraint representation between any two specific geometrical elements of two components in configuration space is introduced. Secondly, an expansion of this representation to that of a multiple component assembly is proposed. Thirdly, the representation of the relation of constraints in configuration space is proposed to represent the assembly. Finally, based on these representations, a method for deriving the region for the position and orientation of the components in an assembly is proposed.
Rotordynamic Characteristics of Floating Ring Seals in Rocket Turbopumps
Tokunaga, Yuichiro,Inoue, Hideyuki,Hiromatsu, Jun,Iguchi, Tetsuya,Kuroki, Yasuhiro,Uchiumi, Masaharu Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2016 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.9 No.3
Floating ring seals offer an opportunity to reduce leakage flows significantly in rotating machinery. Accordingly, they have been applied successfully to rotating machinery within the last several decades. For rocket turbopump applications, fundamental behavior and design philosophy have been revealed. However, further work is needed to explore the rotordynamic characteristics associated with rotor vibrations. In this study, rotordynamic forces for floating ring seals under rotor's whirling motions are calculated to elucidate rotordynamic characteristics. Comparisons between numerical simulation results and experiments demonstrated in our previous report are carried out. The three-dimensional Reynolds equation is solved by the finite-difference method to calculate hydrodynamic pressure distributions and the leakage flow rate. The entrance loss at the upstream inlet of the seal ring is calculated to estimate the Lomakin effect. The friction force at the secondary seal surface is also considered. Numerical simulation results showed that the rotordynamic forces of this type of floating ring seal are determined mainly by the friction force at the secondary seal surface. The seal ring is positioned almost concentrically relative to the rotor by the Lomakin effect. Numerical simulations agree quite well with the experimental results.
Evaluation of IMG level 2 data using GTS
Tokunaga, Mitsuharu 대한원격탐사학회 1998 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.14 No.1
Interferometric Monitor for Greenhouse Gases (IMG)) is a sensor to monitor the earth's radiation balance, the temperature profile of the atmosphere, the temperature of the earth's surface, and physical properties of clouds, and was loaded on ADEOS satellite. In this paper, we estimated IMC level 2 data by comparing with a Global Telecommunications System data (CTS). The IMG level2 data over sea without cloud cover gave good agreement with the value that had been obtained by buoy and sonde.
DTM Accuracy derived from SAR Interferometry
Tokunaga, Mitsuharu 대한원격탐사학회 1997 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.13 No.1
The program for Digital Terrain Model (DTM) generating using SAR interferometry derived from JERS 1 was developed. The DTM were calculated using SAR Interferometry data of JERS-1 by the developed program. The accuracy of the calculated DTM is that maximum error and R. M. S . E were 217m, and 27.7m respectively. The accuracy aren't better than theoretical values, but it is regarded as the next factor. (1) positions and orientations of the satellite (2) precision of geometric correction (3) phase unwrapping algorithm In this study, the one of DTM accuracy derived from Interferometry SAR made clear.
Akari Tokunaga,Miki Shimizu 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.1
Background: Multifidus muscle stiffness decreases in patients with lumbar intervertebral disk herniation; however, age-related changes in humans have not been reported. Objectives: The reliability of ultrasound shear wave elastography in dogs, and changes in the shear elastic modulus of the thoracolumbar multifidus muscle with aging in dogs, were investigated. Methods: Twelve beagle dogs were divided into 2 groups based on the age of onset of intervertebral disk herniation: young (aged not exceeding 2 years; 1.3 ± 0.6 years old, n = 5) and adult (4.9 ± 1.2 years old, n = 7). The shear elastic modulus of the multifidus muscle, from the thirteenth thoracic spine to the fourth lumbar spine, was measured using ultrasound shear wave elastography. The length, cross-sectional area and muscle to fat ratio of the multifidus muscle, and the grade of intervertebral disk degeneration, were assessed using radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Results: The length and cross-sectional area of the multifidus muscle increased caudally. In the young group, the shear elastic modulus of the multifidus muscle of the thirteenth thoracic spine was less than that of the third lumbar spine. In the adult group, the shear elastic modulus of the multifidus muscle of first and third lumbar spine was lower than that of the same site in the young group. Conclusions: Ultrasound can be used to measure shear wave elastography of the thoracolumbar multifidus in dogs. If the multifidus muscle stiffness decreases, we should consider age-related change.
The U.S.'s Privilege as an International Currency Country and the Housing Bubble in U.S.
Junji Tokunaga 동의대학교 경제경영전략연구소 2010 經濟經營硏究 Vol.5 No.2
The objective of this paper is to explain what the U.S.’s privilege as an international currency country brought in the U.S.’s housing bubble in 2000’s. Orthodox studies explained that U.S. had played a role of global financial intermediary in international capital movements. However, little attention has been given to the “exorbitant privilege” of U.S. as an international currency country. U.S. has the privilege to finance own balance of payments deficit by issuing the liabilities denominated in its own currency. Moreover, the privilege is enlarged since Nixon Shock in 1971, when U.S. abandoned the convertibility of gold to dollar unilaterally. The enlargement of privilege enables U.S. to run an enormous balance of payments deficit since 1970’s, resulting in the supplying of excessive dollar. While the excessive dollar changed to global excessive money capital since 1980’s, it flowed into U.S. abruptly, leading up to the housing bubble expanded in 2000’s.