http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Internal Structure of Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Controlled by Iron(III) Ion-Catechol Complexation
Ryu, Jungju,Kim, Sunhye,Oh, Inwook,Kato, Sota,Kosuge, Takahiro,Sokolova, Anna V.,Lee, Jeongwook,Otsuka, Hideyuki,Sohn, Daewon American Chemical Society 2019 Macromolecules Vol.52 No.17
<P>This study explores the internal structure of catechol-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA-CA) hydrogels with different types of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-induced cross-linking. We previously reported HA-CA hydrogels cross-linked by covalent catechol coupling and by Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-catechol coordination bonds. Here, we determine the internal structures of these gels using electron paramagnetic resonance, small-angle X-ray scattering, and neutron scattering. Phase-controllable structures were observed in relation to certain pH conditions and gelation pathways. First, we examined the structures of HA-CA gels developed from covalently cross-linked prenetworks, which allow additional Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-catechol coordination bonds of mono, bis, and tris complexes depending on the pH condition. Second, we investigated the structural aspects of the gels preserved by Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>-catechol tris complexes, developed from both cross-linked prenetworks and un-cross-linked polymer solutions. The results show that the characteristics of the chains govern the network structures due to the changes in oxidation state of the functional groups, carboxylic acid and catechol, in the given environments. We also discuss the structural aspects, i.e., microphase separation, additional cross-linking within the restricted prenetworks, and locally stretched polymer chains. The observations here suggest that various structural characteristics can be considered to assist a number of different applications using biopolymers.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Photodynamic Therapy for Esophageal Cancer
Takahiro Inoue,Ryu Ishihara 대한소화기내시경학회 2021 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.54 No.4
Photodynamic therapy, a curative local treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, involves a photosensitizing drug(photosensitizer) with affinity for tumors and a photodynamic reaction triggered by laser light. Previously, photodynamic therapywas used to treat superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma judged to be difficult to undergo endoscopic resection. Recently,photodynamic therapy has mainly been performed for local failure after chemoradiotherapy. Although surgery is the most promisingtreatment for local failure after chemoradiotherapy, its morbidity and mortality rates are high. Endoscopic resection is feasible forlocal failure after chemoradiotherapy but requires advanced skills, and its indication is limited to within the submucosal layer bydepth. Photodynamic therapy is less invasive than surgery and has a wider indication than endoscopic resection. Porfimer sodium(a first-generation photosensitizer) causes a high frequency of side effects related to photosensitivity and requires the long-termsun-shade period. Talaporfin (a second-generation photosensitizer) requires a much shorter sun-shade period than porfimersodium. Photodynamic therapy will profoundly change treatment strategies for local failure after chemoradiotherapy.
Valsalva Aneurysm Filled with Thrombi Mimicking a Cardiac Tumor
Yasuharu Lee,Naoki Mori,Daisuke Nakamura,Takahiro Yoshimura,Masayuki Taniike,Nobuhiko Makino,Hiroyasu Kato,Yasuyuki Egami,Ryu Shutta,Jun Tanouchi,Yoshio Yamada,Masami Nishino 대한심장학회 2012 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.42 No.12
A Valsalva aneurysm filled with thrombi can be difficult to diagnose, because it mimics a cardiac tumor. Both cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) were performed on a patient who showed a low-echoic mass located between the atrial septum and the non-coronary sinus. Based on MRI findings allowing tissue characterization and the accurate location of the mass and the TEE findings of an irregular surface of the mass and a partial defect in the edge of the non-coronary sinus, we diagnosed the mass as a thrombosed Valsalva aneurysm that had perforated the inter-atrial septum. The operative findings coincided with the preoperative di-agnosis. Both MRI and TEE are useful for diagnosing this condition.