Composition and Structure of Himalayan Oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) Forest under Various Degrees of Disturbance

Sunil Prasad,Pooja Uniyal,D. S. Chauhan 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2015 Journal of Forest Science Vol.31 No.1

Forest disturbance sometime considered as a tool of management as it believed that mid level disturbance constructs better micro-climatic conditions which ultimately boost up the plant diversity. The effect of different levels of disturbance on species composition and regeneration is very important. Present attempt was carried out in a temperate evergreen oak forest which was under various degree of disturbance. The study area is one of the large ranges of oak forest in Garhwal Himalaya and compensating various types of daily needs of local people. On the basis of IVI values Quercus leucotrichophora holds first position in all the disturbance zones whereas Myrica esculenta upgraded it’s rank in highly disturbed zone and showed less impacted species by disturbance. Berberis aristata and Eupatorium adenophorum in shrub layer and Anaphalis adnata and Bidens pilosa in herb layer were found as disturbance friendly species because they attained higher rank in highly disturbed zone whereas Caryopteris foetida was found disturbance-sensitive in shrub layer. The banj oak regenerated well under mid disturbance as compared to no and high degree of disturbance and a sharp downfall in the species diversity was recorded with increasing magnitude of disturbance. Density-diameter curves showed a reverse trend of lower density in higher girth classes. The results of the study should be useful for the forest management strategies.

Composition and Structure of Himalayan Oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) Forest under Various Degrees of Disturbance

Prasad, Sunil,Uniyal, Pooja,Chauhan, D.S. Institute of Forest Science 2015 Journal of Forest Science Vol.31 No.1

Forest disturbance sometime considered as a tool of management as it believed that mid level disturbance constructs better micro-climatic conditions which ultimately boost up the plant diversity. The effect of different levels of disturbance on species composition and regeneration is very important. Present attempt was carried out in a temperate evergreen oak forest which was under various degree of disturbance. The study area is one of the large ranges of oak forest in Garhwal Himalaya and compensating various types of daily needs of local people. On the basis of IVI values Quercus leucotrichophora holds first position in all the disturbance zones whereas Myrica esculenta upgraded it's rank in highly disturbed zone and showed less impacted species by disturbance. Berberis aristata and Eupatorium adenophorum in shrub layer and Anaphalis adnata and Bidens pilosa in herb layer were found as disturbance friendly species because they attained higher rank in highly disturbed zone whereas Caryopteris foetida was found disturbance-sensitive in shrub layer. The banj oak regenerated well under mid disturbance as compared to no and high degree of disturbance and a sharp downfall in the species diversity was recorded with increasing magnitude of disturbance. Density-diameter curves showed a reverse trend of lower density in higher girth classes. The results of the study should be useful for the forest management strategies.

Adaptive Multispectral Demosaicking Based on Frequency-Domain Analysis of Spectral Correlation

Jaiswal, Sunil Prasad,Fang, Lu,Jakhetiya, Vinit,Pang, Jiahao,Mueller, Klaus,Au, Oscar Chi IEEE 2017 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING - Vol.26 No.2

<P>Color filter array (CFA) interpolation, or three-band demosaicking, is a process of interpolating the missing color samples in each band to reconstruct a full color image. In this paper, we are concerned with the challenging problem of multispectral demosaicking, where each band is significantly undersampled due to the increment in the number of bands. Specifically, we demonstrate a frequency-domain analysis of the subsampled color-difference signal and observe that the conventional assumption of highly correlated spectral bands for estimating undersampled components is not precise. Instead, such a spectral correlation assumption is image dependent and rests on the aliasing interferences among the various color-difference spectra. To address this problem, we propose an adaptive spectral-correlation-based demosaicking (ASCD) algorithm that uses a novel anti-aliasing filter to suppress these interferences, and we then integrate it with an intra-prediction scheme to generate a more accurate prediction for the reconstructed image. Our ASCD is computationally very simple, and exploits the spectral correlation property much more effectively than the existing algorithms. Experimental results conducted on two data sets for multispectral demosaicking and one data set for CFA demosaicking demonstrate that the proposed ASCD outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms.</P>

New palynological data from infratrappean beds of Deccan Volcanic Province, central Peninsular India

Sunil Bajpai,Vandana Prasad,Anjum Farooqui,Srikanta Murthy,O.S. Sarate 대한지질학회 2017 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

Suppressive activity of a viral histone H4 against two host chromatin remodelling factors: lysine demethylase and SWI/SNF

Kumar, Sunil,Venkata, Prasad,Kim, Yonggyun Microbiology Society 2016 The Journal of general virology Vol.97 No.-

Effect of Herbal Medicines on Liver Function Markers in Type II Diabetic Subjects

( Senthil Kumar Subramani ),( Sunil Mahajan ),( Parthia Chauhan ),( Nita Singh ),( Gbks Prasad ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Herbal medicines have been used in the treatment of liver diseases and other problem for a long time in folk system. However there are some reports in general state that, herbal medicine has hepatotoxicity. Hence in the present study we evaluate some anti-diabetic herbal medicines effect in liver function markers Methods: Total of 100 subjects those who have T2DM were randomly selected from the week end diabetic clinic of Centre for Translation Research, Jiwaji University. The subjects have divided in to four groups to evaluate for its antidiabetic activity and hepatotoxicity. Regimen I- Gymnemma sylvester, Regimen II- Triphala, Regimen III Triphala + Gymnemma sylvester and Regimen IV diabegon kwath (polyherbal formulation) for 3 - 4 months. Fasting and PP blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, liver marker (Bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT) and oxidative stress markers (SOD, Catalase, GSH, TBARS) were also monitored in the study subjects. Paired t-test was made the compare the significance Results: Administration of herbal regiments regularly for 3 months resulted in significant reductions of blood glucose (P<0.001) and glycosylated hemoglobin levels (P<0.001) in all regiments. Also, liver function markers (Bilirubin levels reduced 12.5-15.6 % P<0.05, SGOT levels reduced 7.5 - 18.0 % P<0.05 and SGPT levels reduced 11.8-17.8% P<0.05 P<0.05) and the antioxidant markers were also improved significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: Herbal medicines for the treatment of human type II diabetes mellitus show the significant improvement in glycemic control. The liver functions remained normal and in fact improved in many subjects. It may be the due to the anti-oxidant property of the herbal formultions.Hence the studied herbal formulations not have hepatotoxicity in the subjects.

Microsporidian Multiplication and Spore Production in Various Tissues of Pupa and Adult, in Relation to Age and Development of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.(Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Nanu, Madana Mohanan,Gupta, Sunil Kumar,Saratchandra, Beera,Haldar, Durga Prasad Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2009 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.18 No.2

Multiplication and spore production of three microsporidia(Nosema bombycis, Nosema sp. 1 and Nosema sp. 2) in selected tissues of pupa and adult of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. were studied in two seasons (SI, SII) with distinct temperature (SI: $20.1{\pm}0.8^{\circ}C$ and SII: $25.1{\pm}0.7^{\circ}C$) regimes. Multiplication of the microsporidia followed a logistic pattern with a lag phase, an exponential phase and a stationary phase. In SII, spore production was significantly (P<0.01) higher in various tissues. Highest spore production was observed 30 days post inoculation (p.i.) in SI and in SII, it was $21{\sim}23$ days p.i. Spore production was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the gut tissues than other tissues. Nosema sp. 2 registered significantly (P<0.01) higher spore production in both the seasons compared to Nosema bombycis and Nosema sp. 1. Results indicate that the multiplication and spore production of microsporidia are tissue specific and extremely sensitive to the temperature at which the host is reared. Through this study, the precise day that the spore numbers of the microsporidia are maximized can be predicted in both pupa and adult in case the infection is initiated in the first instar.

Microsporidian Multiplication and Spore Production in Various Tissues of Pupa and Adult, in Relation to Age and Development of Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Madana Mohanan Nanu,Sunil Kumar Gupta,Beera Saratchandra,Durga Prasad Haldar 한국잠사학회 2009 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.18 No.2

Multiplication and spore production of three microsporidia (Nosema bombycis, Nosema sp. 1 and Nosema sp. 2) in selected tissues of pupa and adult of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. were studied in two seasons (SI, SII) with distinct temperature (SI: 20.1±0.8℃ and SII: 25.1±0.7℃) regimes. Multiplication of the microsporidia followed a logistic pattern with a lag phase, an exponential phase and a stationary phase. In SII, spore production was significantly (P<0.01) higher in various tissues. Highest spore production was observed 30 days post inoculation (p.i.) in SI and in SII, it was 21∼23 days p.i. Spore production was significantly (P<0.01) higher in the gut tissues than other tissues. Nosema sp. 2 registered significantly (P<0.01) higher spore production in both the seasons compared to Nosema bombycis and Nosema sp. 1. Results indicate that the multiplication and spore production of microsporidia are tissue specific and extremely sensitive to the temperature at which the host is reared. Through this study, the precise day that the spore numbers of the microsporidia are maximized can be predicted in both pupa and adult in case the infection is initiated in the first instar.

Change in Community Composition and Soil Carbon Stock Along Transitional Boundary in a Sub-Tropical Forest of Garhwal Himalaya

Kumar, Munesh,Kumar, Manish,Saleem, Sajid,Prasad, Sunil,Rajwar, G.S. Institute of Forest Science 2013 Journal of Forest Science Vol.29 No.3

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of transitional boundary on community composition and soil carbon stock. Five vegetation types were recognized horizontally along the transitional strip based on the dominance of tree species i.e., Pure Anogeissus latifolia forest (P.AL), mixed Pinus roxburghii and Lannea coromandelica forest (M.PR&LC), pure Pinus roxburghii forest (P.PR), mixed Pinus roxburghii and Lannea coromandelica (M.PR&LC) and pure Anogeissus latifolia forest (P.AL). The results revealed that Anogeissus latifolia was reported dominant tree in the outer transitional boundaries of the forest, which reduced dominance of trees towards middle where Pinus roxburghii was found dominant. The soil carbon stock was reported higher in the Anogeissus latifolia dominant forest and reduced with the dominance of Pinus roxburghii in the middle site. Both the species are growing close to one another and competing for survival, but the aggressive nature of Anogeissus latifolia particular in this region may change new growth of Pinus roxburghii and will enhance soil carbon stock. But high anthropogenic pressure on Anogeissus latifolia tree species could be limited chance to further its flourish.

Change in Community Composition and Soil Carbon Stock Along Transitional Boundary in a Sub-Tropical Forest of Garhwal Himalaya

Munesh Kumar,Manish Kumar,Sajid Saleem,Sunil Prasad,GS Rajwar 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2013 Journal of Forest Science Vol.29 No.3

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of transitional boundary on community composition and soil carbon stock. Five vegetation types were recognized horizontally along the transitional strip based on the dominance of tree species i.e., Pure Anogeissus latifolia forest (P.AL), mixed Pinus roxburghii and Lannea coromandelica forest (M.PR&LC), pure Pinus roxburghii forest (P.PR), mixed Pinus roxburghii and Lannea coromandelica (M.PR&LC) and pure Anogeissus latifolia forest (P.AL). The results revealed that Anogeissus latifolia was reported dominant tree in the outer transitional boundaries of the forest, which reduced dominance of trees towards middle where Pinus roxburghii was found dominant. The soil carbon stock was reported higher in the Anogeissus latifolia dominant forest and reduced with the dominance of Pinus roxburghii in the middle site. Both the species are growing close to one another and competing for survival, but the aggressive nature of Anogeissus latifolia particular in this region may change new growth of Pinus roxburghii and will enhance soil carbon stock. But high anthropogenic pressure on Anogeissus latifolia tree species could be limited chance to further its flourish.