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Ok-Bae Hyun,Jungwook Sim,Hye-Rim Kim,Kwon-Bae Park,Seong-Woo Yim,Il-Sung Oh IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.19 No.3
<P>We have investigated reliability enhancement of the fast switch (FS) by using power electronic switches such as integrated gate commutated thyristors (IGCT) in the line commutation type hybrid superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL). The FS utilizes a vacuum interrupter (VI) to open and close the primary power line. The operation of the FS highly relies upon the complete line breaking by the VI. Since the primary line resistance including the arc resistance may not be extremely high after the VI opens, there may be non-zero arc current in the VI, causing a failure in the line communication. The IGCTs are to completely remove the remanent current in the VI, guaranteeing the arc extinction and enhancing reliability in operation. We fabricated and successfully tested the SFCL which was equipped with the IGCT-assisted FS.</P>
Kwon, SooJin,Ki, Soo Mi,Park, Sang Eon,Kim, Min-Jeong,Hyung, Brian,Lee, Na Kyung,Shim, Sangmi,Choi, Byung-Ok,Na, Duk L,Lee, Ji Eun,Chang, Jong Wook Elsevier 2016 Molecular therapy Vol.24 No.9
<P>The role of Wharton's jelly-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) in inhibiting muscle cell death has been elucidated in this study. Apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in mouse skeletal myoblast cell lines (C2C12) was significantly reduced when the cell lines were cocultured with WJ-MSCs. Antibody arrays indicated high levels of chemokine (C motif) ligand (XCL1) secretion by cocultured WJ-MSCs and XCL1 protein treatment resulted in complete inhibition of apoptosis in serum-starved C2C12 cells. Apoptosis of C2C12 cells and loss of differentiated C2C12 myotubes induced by lovastatin, another muscle cell death inducer, was also inhibited by XCL1 treatment. However, XCL1 treatment did not inhibit apoptosis of cell lines other than C2C12. When XCL1-siRNA pretreated WJ-MSCs were cocultured with serum-starved C2C12 cells, apoptosis was not inhibited, thus confirming that XCL1 is a key factor in preventing C2C12 cell apoptosis. We demonstrated the therapeutic effect of XCL1 on the zebrafish myopathy model, generated by knock down of a causative gene ADSSL7. Furthermore, the treatment of XCL1 resulted in significant recovery of the zebrafish skeletal muscle defects. These results suggest that human WJ-MSCs and XCL1 protein may act as promising and novel therapeutic agents for treatment of myopathies and other skeletal muscle diseases.</P>
Kwon, Paul Kwangho,Kim, Hyo-Min,Kim, Sung Wook,Kang, Byunghee,Yi, Hee,Ku, Hyun-Ok,Roh, Tae-Young,Kim, Kyong-Tai American Society for Microbiology 2019 Molecular and cellular biology Vol.39 No.16
<P>The D site-binding protein (Dbp) supports the rhythmic transcription of downstream genes, in part by displaying high-amplitude cycling of its own transcripts compared to other circadian-clock genes. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the poly(C) motif within the <I>Dbp</I> proximal promoter, in addition to an E-box element, provoked transcriptional activation.</P><P>The D site-binding protein (Dbp) supports the rhythmic transcription of downstream genes, in part by displaying high-amplitude cycling of its own transcripts compared to other circadian-clock genes. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the poly(C) motif within the <I>Dbp</I> proximal promoter, in addition to an E-box element, provoked transcriptional activation. Furthermore, we generated a cell line with poly(C) deleted to demonstrate the endogenous effect of the poly(C) motif within the <I>Dbp</I> promoter. We investigated whether RNA polymerase 2 (Pol2) recruitment on the <I>Dbp</I> promoter was decreased in the cell line with poly(C) deleted. Next, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC)-quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that the poly(C) motif induced greater chromatin accessibility within the region of the <I>Dbp</I> promoter. Finally, we determined that the oscillation amplitude of endogenous <I>Dbp</I> mRNA of the cell line with poly(C) deleted was decreased, which affected the oscillation of other clock genes that are controlled by <I>Dbp</I>. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the function of the poly(C) motif as a novel <I>cis</I>-acting element of <I>Dbp</I>, along with its significance in the regulation of circadian rhythms.</P>
Introduction of a Hybrid SFCL in KEPCO Grid and Local Points at Issue
Ok-Bae Hyun,Kwon-Bae Park,Jungwook Sim,Hye-Rim Kim,Seong-Woo Yim,Il-Sung Oh IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.19 No.3
<P>This report presents efforts for introducing a hybrid superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) associated with the substation upgrade in the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) grid and points at issue on the utility demands. The substation upgrade includes replacement of 154 kV/22.9 kV main transformers and applying 22.9 kV/3 kA SFCLs to protect them. The SFCL is expected to meet not only the general requirements, but also such local conditions as (1) small size to be installed in an in-house substation, (2) sustainable current limitation without the power line breaking by circuit breakers (CB) for maximum 2 seconds. Optionally, recommended are (3) the reclosing capability and semi-active function. Different types of currently developed SFCLs have been examined associated with the conditions. We have proposed a hybrid SFCL of first peak non-limiting type, which potentially fulfills all the local conditions. As an intermediate step, a 22.9 kV/630 A hybrid SFCL was built. This SFCL meets the field requirements of the size limit, 1.5 seconds sustainability of current limitation, 0.3 s reclosing capability and semi-active function. The upgraded hybrid SFCL will be installed in the KEPCO's test line for operation tests. There are two major test targets; long term operation test of the SFCL and protection coordination test using artificial faults.</P>
Analysis of Ginsenoside Composition of Ginseng Berry and Seed
Sung Kwon Ko,Hye Min Bae,Ok Sun Cho,Byung Ok Im,Sung Hyun Chung,Boo Yong Lee 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.6
This study was performed to provide basic information that can be used to differentiate Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) berry and seed from American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) seed. Total ginsenoside contents of Korean ginseng berry, Korean ginseng seed, and American ginseng seed were 9.09, 3.30, and 4.06%, respectively. Total ginsenoside content of Korean ginseng berry was about 2.2 to 2.7 times higher than those of Korean ginseng seed and American ginseng seed. Particularly ginsenoside Re content of 4-year cultivated Korean ginseng berry (5.99%) was about 3.6 to 5.4 times higher than that of 4-year cultivated Korean ginseng seed (1.65%) and 4-year cultivated American ginseng seed (1.10%). The contents of total ginsenoside and ginsenoside Re of Korean ginseng berry were about 4.8 and 28 times higher, respectively, than those of 4-year cultivated Korean ginseng root. In general the contents of total ginsenoside and ginsenoside Re of Korean ginseng berry were significantly higher than those of Korean ginseng seed and American ginseng seed.
Ginsenoside Composition Changes in Ginseng Extracts by Different Ascorbic Acid Treatments
Sung Kwon Ko,Ok Sun Cho,Hye Min Bae,Uy Dong Sohn,Byung Ok Im,Soon Hyun Cho,Byung Wook Yang,Sung Hyun Chung,Wang Soo Shin,Boo Yong Lee 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.4
The purpose of this study was to develop a new preparation process for chemical transformation of ginseng saponin glycosides to prosapogenins. Ginseng and ginseng extracts were processed under several treatment conditions using ascorbic acid solution. Treating with ascorbic acid at pH 2-3 and above 80℃ increased the ginsenoside Rg<sub>3</sub> content of samples to over 3% as compared to other pH levels and temperatures. In addition, ginseng and ginseng extracts that were processed under a high ascorbic acid solution treatment condition (pH 2.0, 5 hr) contained more ginsenoside Rg3 (approximately 16 times) than those processed under a low ascorbic acid solution treatment condition (pH 3.0, 5 hr). The highest quantity of ginsenoside Rg<sub>3</sub> (3.434%) occurred when a sample of fine ginseng root extract (AG2-9) was processed with the ascorbic acid solution at pH 2.0 for 9 hr. However, there was no change in the amount of ginsenoside Rg<sub>3</sub> when fine ginseng root extracts were processed with ascorbic acid solution at pH 2.0 for over 9 hr. In conclusion, the results indicated that ascorbic acid treatment of ginseng extracts can produce a level of ginsenoside Rg<sub>3<sub> that is over 90-fold the amount found in commercial red ginseng.
Changes in Ginsenoside Composition of White Ginseng by Fermentation
Sung Kwon Ko,Ok Sun Cho,Hye Min Bae,Byung Wook Yang,Byung-Ok Im,Young Tae Hahm,Kyung Nam Kim,Soon Hyun Cho,Jae Young Kim,Sung Hyun Chung,Boo Yong Lee 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.1
The purpose of the study was to develop a new process to manufacture ginseng extract containing saponin aglycon of high concentration. The process to transform saponin glycosides to saponin aglycon was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). GCK-1 (open cultured mixture for 1 day at 42℃) had the highest content of protopanaxadiol (0.662%). However, other mixtures (GCK-2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) had less than 0.152% in the content of protopanaxadiol. In case of fermentation by inoculation of Bacillus natto, BNG-5 (B. natto inoculated mixture for 5 days at 42℃) showed the highest content of protopanaxadiol (0.364%). Other mixtures (BNG-1, 2, 3, 4, and 6) also showed the high content of more than 0.2% in protopanaxadiol. B. natto inoculation or open culture fermentation with soybean transformed ginseng saponin glycosides into saponin aglycon.
Mobile 3D Game Contents Watermarking Based on Buyer-Seller Watermarking Protocol
KWON, Seong-Geun,LEE, Suk-Hwan,KWON, Ki-Ryong,LEE, Eung-Joo,OK, Soo-Yol,BAE, Sung-Ho The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2008 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.91 No.7
<P>This paper presents a watermarking method for the copyright protection and the prevention of illegal copying of mobile 3D contents. The proposed method embeds the copyright information and user's phone number into the spatial and encryption domains of the mobile animation data using the Buyer-Seller watermarking protocol. In addition, a user operation key is also inserted, so only the authorized user can play the 3D animation game on the mobile device. The proposed method was implemented using a mobile animation tool, and experimental results verified that the proposed method was capable of copyright protection and preventing illegal copying, as the watermarks were also accurately extracted in the case of geometrical attacks, such as noise addition, data accuracy variation, and data up/dawn scaling.</P>