Management of Choledochal Cyst: An Institutional Review from a Tertiary Referral Center in Nepal

( Sujan Shrestha ),( Bikal Ghimire ),( Prasan Kansakar ),( Ramesh Singh Bhandari ),( Paleswan Joshi Lakhey ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Choledochal cysts (CC) are a rare congenital cystic dilation of the biliary tract. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 32 consecutive patients of CC who underwent multidisciplinary management in last 2 and half years at a tertiary referral center from Nepal. Results: A total of 32 patients, 9 males and 23 females were operated. The average age at diagnosis was 25 years (range from 2 to 56 years). The most common presenting symptoms were pain 31(96.88%), jaundice 10(31.25%) and mass 5 (15.63%). Triad of pain, jaundice and mass was present in 4 (12.5%). Transabdominal Ultrasonography (100%) was the initial diagnostic modality of choice followed by MRCP (68.75%), and CECT (31.25%). ERCP was done for stent placement in 3 (9.38%) patients with severe cholangitis. Type IVA (37.5%) was the most common type of CC followed by type IC (31.23%), type IB (15.65%), type IA (12.5%) and type IVB (3.12%). Abnormal pancreaticobiliary duct junction was observed in 3 (9.38%) patients. All patients underwent open cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (HJ). There were 2 patients who underwent relaparotomy for efferent loop obstruction and Peterson hernia. None of our patient had cholangiocarcinoma on pathological examination. Conclusions: Choledochal cyst is rare cystic dilatation of biliary tract. Surgery (Cyst excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy) is treatment of choice. Although the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is less, long-term surveillance is essential.

Curcuma longa extract ameliorates motor and cognitive deficits of 6-hydroxydopamine-infused Parkinson’s disease model rats

Sujan Bhowmick,Marzan Sarkar,Jakir Hussain,Mehedi Hassan,Mafroz Basunia,Taslima Nahar,Azizur Rahman,Borhan Uddin,Shahdat Hossain 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.4

Parkinson’s disease (PD) results mostly from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. It is characterized by the manifestations of anxiety, tremor, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia and cognitive impairments. Oxidative stress is attributed to the neurodegeneration of PD. Curcuma longa is a commonly used spice and has high levels of anti-oxidative phyto-constituents. Here, we evaluated whether the chronic oral administration of C. longa extract affects the degree of anxiety, neuromotor and cognitive deficits of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-infused PD model rats. Following the surgery, animals were orally administered with C. longa extract for twelve weeks. The degree of anxiety/depression, motor and cognitive performances were determined with a variety of neurobehavioral experimental paradigms, including elevated plus, Morris water maze task, rotarod, open field, forced swim, sucrose preference and tail suspension tests. Brain levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) were measured by standard method. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), α-synuclein, synaptosomeassociated protein-25 (SNAP25) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of the brain tissues were measured by ELISA. Oral administration of C. longa significantly (P < 0.05) protected the deterioration of the motor activity, learning-related memory cognitions and the degree of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in PD model rats. The preventive effects were accompanied with decreased brain levels of LPO, TNFα, α-synuclein and increased levels of cognition-related proteins SNAP-25 and BDNF. The experimental results suggest that C. longa ameliorates PD-like symptoms by suppressing the oxidative/pro-inflammatory stress and levels of α-synuclein and increasing the levels of SNAP-25 and BDNF.

Slide Session : OS-END-09 ; Diabetes : Discrepancies Between the Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) Based Criteria and Glucose Based Criteria for Diagnosis of Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes

( Sujan Sharma ),( Raj Kumar Shrestha ),( Siddha Br Magar ),( Prabin Gyawali ),( Rajendra Koju ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The number of people with diabetes is increasing globally; hence necessitate identifying diabetes earlier and more efficiently. Recently, American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommended the use of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as an alternative to glucose based criteria for diagnosing type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes. Previous studies have suggested that some level of discrepancy may exist between the HbA1c- and glucose-based criteria and may vary by race, ethnicity, sex, and age in various populations. Consequently, evaluation of discrepancies can help to determine which diagnostic criterion should be used to diagnose diabetes in a given population. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the discrepancies between HbA1c- and glucose-based criteria for diagnosis of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Nepalese population. Methods: A total of 2502 subjects aged 30 years or older, who attended university hospital and subjected for measurement of HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (PPG) level were recruited in the study. Newly diagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes were defined by ADA-glucose based and ADA- HbA1c criteria. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software to evaluate discripancies. Results: The percentages of newly diagnosed individuals with diabetes were 12.87 % (322/2502) using the FPG criterion and 14.55 % (364/2502) using the HbA1c criterion. Significant discordance occurred for 3.28% (82/2502) with HbA1c- and Glucose- based criteria and for 1.68% (42/2502) with HbA1c- and FPG- criteria. Among the study subjects, 2.86 % of individuals with a FBG and 2.12% of individuals with HbA1c were found to be pre-diabetes. Conclusions: Significant discordance exists between the HbA1c- and glucose- based diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Nepalese population. Hence, we concluded that using glucose based criteria merely may result in an underestimation of diabetes and pre-diabetes.

The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on Noxa Expression Is Mediated through IRF1, 3, and 7

( Sujan Piya ),( Tae-hyoung Kim ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.3

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, elicits the secretion of cytokines, such as interferons, that stimulate the host defense system. Previously, we demonstrated that interferons induce interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) 1, 3, and 7, which regulate the transcription of Noxa and alter the expression profiles of Bcl-2 family proteins in tumors. However, the immediate consequences of LPS stimulation on Noxa and BH3 expression in tumor cells remain uncharacterized. In this study, we determined that LPS induced Noxa expression in CT26 cells. Furthermore, studies in HCT116 parental and HCT116 p53-deficient cells revealed that LPS-mediated Noxa was independent of p53. Meanwhile, IRF1, 3, and 7 in CT26, HCT116 parental, and HT116 p53-deficient cells were upregulated by LPS stimulation, suggesting that LPS induces the expression of these IRFs in a p53- independent manner. The responsiveness of IRF1, 3, 4, and 7 binding to the Noxa promoter region to LPS indicated that IRF1, 3, and 7 activated Noxa expression, whereas IRF4 repressed Noxa expression. Together, these results suggest that LPS directly affects Noxa expression in tumor cells through IRFs, implicating that it may contribute to LPS-induced tumor regression.

High-Temperature Activation of Zeolite-Loaded Fiber Sorbents

Sujan, Achintya R.,Koh, Dong-Yeun,Zhu, Guanghui,Babu, Vinod P.,Stephenson, Neil,Rosinski, Andrew,Du, Hai,Luo, Yang,Koros, William J.,Lively, Ryan P. American Chemical Society 2018 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.57 No.34

<P>Here, we describe the formation of zeolite LiX fiber sorbents and postfabrication activation at temperatures of 350-400 °C for use in air separations. Two polymers were considered as the support matrices for the LiX zeolites: Torlon (polyamide-imide) and Matrimid (polyimide). Torlon-based fiber sorbents exhibit approximately 4% mass loss during the high-temperature (370 °C) activation required for zeolites, which is close to the glass transition temperature of these polymers. This mass loss is accompanied by the formation of pyrolytic side products that ultimately resulted in contamination of the LiX crystals and a 73% reduction in N<SUB>2</SUB> sorption capacity at ambient temperatures. In contrast, Matrimid was found to be suitable for fiber sorbent synthesis with only 10-15% reduction in N<SUB>2</SUB> sorption capacity observed upon the thermal activation. A LiX loading of 73% in monolithic fibers (i.e., no bore) by weight was achievable. Experimental breakthrough tests at 25 °C were conducted on an activated fiber module consisting of densely packed LiX-Matrimid fiber sorbents and operated over a range of adsorption pressures (1-3.5 bar) that are often used in an actual pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process for air separation.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Rain Specific Attenuation and Frequency Scaling approach in Slant-Path for Ku and Ka-Band Experiments in South Korea

Sujan Shrestha,Iram Nadeem,Sun-Woong Kim,Seung-Jo Han,Dong-You Choi 대한전자공학회 2017 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.1

Scattering and absorption of radio frequency signal by rain is prevalent at frequencies above 10 GHz. This paper presents the suitable regression coefficients for specific attenuation calculated on the yearly basis in 19.8 GHz experimental link set up at Korea Radio Promotion Association, Mokdong, Seoul. The received signal data for rain attenuation and rain rate were collected in 10 second intervals over a three year periods from 2013 to 2015. It focuses on the discussion and comparison of ITU-R P. 618- 12 prediction with the use of ITU-R P. 838-3 recommended coefficients along with the locally derived empirical values of power law coefficients which allow for calculating the specific attenuation in dB/km from the knowledge of rain rate. The Ku-band rain attenuation (12.25 GHz) is converted to the Ka-band down-link (19.8, 20.73 GHz) attenuation by using ITU-R P. 618-12 frequency scaling approach. This result shall be helpful to predict rain fading properties.

Review of Series of 9 Cases of Hepatolithiasis Managed at Community-Based Hospital of Nepal

( Sujan Gautam ),( Narendra Pandit ),( Laligen Awale ),( Kunal Bikram Deo ),( Tek Narayan Yadav ),( Shailesha Dhikary ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Hepatolithiasis is a rare disease with high rate of treatment failure and recurrence. This study aims to review the management and outcome of hepatolithiasis from an endemic region. Methods: Retrospective review of prospectively maintained database of patients with hepatolithiasis managed surgically (2015- 2019) was performed. Diagnosis was based on the clinical findings and radiological investigation (CT/MRI). Demographic data, clinical presentation, extent of disease and operative procedure were evaluated. The outcome measures included immediate stone clearance, postoperative complications. Results: Hepatolithiasis was seen in nine (0.34%) out of 2,600 patients being evaluated for gallstone disease. Three patients were young, while the remaining six were in the middle-age group. Seven (78%) were females. The presenting symptoms were abdominal pain (78%) and jaundice (22%). Hepatolithiasis was located in the left, right and bilateral ductal systems in 5, 1 and 3 patients respectively. Concomitant cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis was seen in 6 (66.6%) patients each. Liver resection for unilateral disease was done in 3 (33.3%) patients: left hepatectomy- (n=2) and left lateral segmentectomy (n=1). High bile duct exploration and bilio-enteric drainage was done in 5 patients. One patient required hepatolithotomy and T-tube drainage due to cholangitis. Complete stone clearance was achieved in 78% of patients. Complications included minor surgical site infection and cholangitis in two patients. Histopathology revealed recurrent pyogenic cholangitis. At median follow-up of 28 months, 78% are symptom-free. Conclusions: Hepatectomy is an effective treatment when disease is confined to the left lobe. Combined surgical procedure is an acceptable option for bilateral or right-sided hepatolithiasis.

Performance of Natural Dyes in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell as Photosensitizer

Sujan Kumar Das,Sumon Ganguli,Humayun Kabir,Jahirul Islam Khandaker,Farid Ahmed 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.21 No.1

In this research work five types of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanocrystalline sol–gel paste with three diff erent types of dye have been prepared and layered on Indium Tin-Oxide coated glass to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells. The dyes extracted from Malabar spinach seeds (MSS), Red spinach and Pomegranate burgs were used as photosensitizer. All the electrical properties investigated by LCR meter were found to be improved with MSS dye but sample with 0.3 M HNO 3 (sample-3) exhibited the best electrical properties. The current–voltage characteristics for all the samples showed ideal behavior. The highest maximum power of 176.3 μW and efficiency of 9.23% was found for sample-3 with MSS dye. The smallest crystallite size was found to be 28.82 nm for sample-3 by XRD data which was also supported by the SEM results. Thus, this study reveals that MSS dye has the great potential to be used as photosensitizer.

Molocular Approaches ro Personalized Mdicine : A novel cell killing peptide

( Sujan Piya ),( Tae Hyoung Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2008 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Sperm Specific antigen 2 (SSFA2) is a novel p53 target gene

Sujan Piya,Kim, Tae-Hyoung 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2009 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.S

The master watchman p53 well-known as a tumor suppressor modulates the cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis through the transcriptional regulation of its target genes. A number of the p53-induced genes were scrutinized by DNA chip analysis to understand the pros and cons of p53-exerted multiple phenomena and their roles in the tumor suppression. Here, we have identified sperm specific antigen 2 (SSFA2) gene upregulated by ectopic over-expression of p53 in HCT116 cells. 5FU-treated HCT116 cells showed the increased levels of SSFA2, indicating that endogenous p53 is able to transactivate SSFA2 gene. Moreover, introduction of short hairpin RNA for SSFA2 into HCT116 cells showed the slight reduction of the levels of cell death induced by 5FU, Etoposide, and TRAIL. These findings suggest that SSFA2 appears to play a minor role in the p53-mediated apoptosis.