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Slenderness ratio of telescopic cylinder-columns
Sugiyama, Yoshihiko,Ohtomo, Takamitsu Techno-Press 2001 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.12 No.3
The present paper deals with the effective slenderness ratio of telescopic cylinders as a long column having different cross sections. Firstly, the slenderness ratio defined in the current standard for the telescopic cylinders is discussed to point out some difficulties which arise when the ratio is applied to the column having different cross sections. Secondly, a new effective slenderness ratio is proposed for columns having different cross sections by introducing a partial effective slenderness ratio. Finally, the proposed slenderness ratio is applied, for extending and development of discussion, to a two-staged column having piece-wise constant cross sections and a cylindrical column having linearly varying diameters.
Sugiyama, Takashi,Wang, Jen-Chywan,Scott, Donald K.,Granner, Daryl K. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2000 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.275 No.5
Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factors (COUP-TFs), orphan members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, play a key role in the regulation of organogenesis, neurogenesis, and cellular differentiation during embryogenic development. COUP-TFs are also involved in the regulation of several genes that encode metabolic enzymes. Although COUP-TFs function as potent transcription repressors, there are at least three different molecular mechanisms of activation of gene expression by COUP-TFs, First, as we have previously shown, COUP-TF is required as an accessory factor for the complete induction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene transcription by glucocorticoids, This action is mediated by the binding of COUP-TF to the glucocorticoid accessory factor 1 (gAF1) and 3 (gAF3) elements in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene glucocorticoid response unit. In addition, COUP-TF1 binds to DNA elements in certain genes and transactivates directly. Finally, COUP-TF1 serves as a coactivator through DNA-bound hepatic nuclear factor 4, Here we show that the same region of COUP-TFI, located between amino acids 184 and 423, is involved in these three mechanisms of transactivation by COUP-TFI, Furthermore, we show that GRIP1 and SRC-1 potentiate the activity of COUP-TFI and that COUP-TFI associates with these coactivators in vivo using the same region required for transcription activation. Finally, overexpression of GRIP1 or SRC-1 does not convert COUP-TFI from a transcriptional repressor into a transcriptional activator in HeLa cells.
Ethnic Differences of two Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in CDA Gene
Sugiyama, E.,Lee, S.J.,Lee, S.S.,Kim, W.Y.,Kim, S.R.,Tohkin, M.,Hasegawa, R.,Okuda, H.,Kawamoto, M.,Kamatani, N.,Sawada, J.i.,Kaniwa, N.,Saito, Y.,Shin, J.G. 日本藥物動態學會 2009 DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS Vol.24 No.6
Cytidine deaminase, encoded by the CDA gene, catalyzes anti-cancer drugs gemcitabine and ara-C into their respective inactive metabolites. In CDA, two functionally significant non-synonymous polymorphisms, 79A>C (Lys27Gln) and 208G>A (Ala70Thr), have been found and their minor allele frequencies (MAFs) were reported in Japanese and Chinese patients and a relatively small numbers of healthy volunteers in Caucasians and Africans. In this study, we determined the MAFs of both polymorphisms in 200 healthy volunteers of Koreans, along with 206 Japanese, 200 Chinese-Americans, 150 Caucasian-Americans and 150 African-Americans to reveal ethnic differences. MAFs of 79A>C (Lys27Gln) were 0.153 in Koreans and 0.327 in Caucasian-Americans, 0.204 in Japanese, 0.155 in Chinese-Americans and 0.087 in African-Americans. MAFs of 208G>A (Ala70Thr) were 0.005 in Koreans and 0.022 in Japanese and the minor allele was not detected in Chinese-Americans, Caucasian-Americans or African-Americans. Thus possibly, MAF of 208G>A in Japanese is likely to be somewhat higher than in Koreans and Chinese-Americans. These data would provide fundamental and useful information for pharmacogenetic studies on cytidine deaminase-catalyzing drugs.
The Nutrition Assessment and Care for the Elderly in Japan
Sugiyama, Michiko,Nishimura, Akio,Koyama, Hideo Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2000 Journal of community nutrition Vol.2 No.1
In Japan, a new nursing insurance system was enforced in April 2000, where premiums were paid according to the level of necessary care. Our project, Nutrition Care and Management(NCM) for the elderly was started in 1995, funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan. The NCM project was to provide appropriate nutrition care for the elderly and to see that it effectively functions as part of the health care services. There were 4 stages to the project : the first stage was to find out the PEM status among the elderly patients in hospital and home-care settings in Japan. The 2nd stage was to develop and evaluate nutritional assessment methods, anthropometry, resting energy expenditure measuring methods using of portable indirect calorimeter, and the convenient protein energy intake assessment methods, etc. for the elderly patients with PEM risk. The 3rd stage was to examine the effectiveness of the nutrition care plan induced of protein energy supplement and team care in improving nutrition among the elderly patients. The last stage was to develop the NCM set for the elderly patient based on the past three years of scientific evidence. it is expected that the NCM system for the elderly will provide adequate nutritional care management, improve the elderly care environment and create effective resource management.
Sugiyama, Minetaka,Baek, Seong Yeol,Takashima, Shohei,Miyashita, Natsumi,Ishida, Kei,Mun, Jiyoung,Yeo, Soo-Hwan Elsevier 2018 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.126 No.6
<P>The yeast <I>Pichia kudriavzevii</I> N77-4 was isolated from the Korean traditional fermentation starter <I>nuruk</I>. In this study, fermentation performance and stress resistance ability of N77-4 was analyzed. N77-4 displayed superior thermotolerance (up to 44°C) in addition to enhanced acetic acid resistance compared to <I>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</I>. Moreover, N77-4 produced 7.4 g/L of ethanol with an overall production yield of 0.37 g/g glucose in 20 g/L glucose medium. However, in 250 g/L glucose medium the growth of N77-4 slowed down when the concentration of ethanol reached 14 g/L or more and ethanol production yield also decreased to 0.30 g/g glucose. An ethanol sensitivity test indicated that N77-4 was sensitive to the presence of 1% ethanol, which was not the case for <I>S. cerevisiae</I>. Furthermore, N77-4 displayed a severe growth defect in the presence of 6% ethanol. Because inositol biosynthesis is critical for ethanol resistance, expression levels of the <I>PkINO1</I> encoding a key enzyme for inositol biosynthesis was analyzed under ethanol stress conditions. We found that ethanol stress clearly repressed <I>PkINO1</I> expression in a dose-dependent manner and overexpression of <I>PkINO1</I> improved the growth of N77-4 by 19% in the presence of 6% ethanol. Furthermore, inositol supplementation also enhanced the growth by 13% under 6% ethanol condition. These findings indicate that preventing downregulation in <I>PkINO1</I> expression caused by ethanol stress improves ethanol resistance and enhances the utility of <I>P. kudriavzevii</I> N77-4 in brewing and fermentation biotechnology.</P>
Sugiyama, Masashi,Liu, Song,du Plessis, Marthinus Christoffel,Yamanaka, Masao,Yamada, Makoto,Suzuki, Taiji,Kanamori, Takafumi Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2013 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.7 No.2
Approximating a divergence between two probability distributions from their samples is a fundamental challenge in statistics, information theory, and machine learning. A divergence approximator can be used for various purposes, such as two-sample homogeneity testing, change-point detection, and class-balance estimation. Furthermore, an approximator of a divergence between the joint distribution and the product of marginals can be used for independence testing, which has a wide range of applications, including feature selection and extraction, clustering, object matching, independent component analysis, and causal direction estimation. In this paper, we review recent advances in divergence approximation. Our emphasis is that directly approximating the divergence without estimating probability distributions is more sensible than a naive two-step approach of first estimating probability distributions and then approximating the divergence. Furthermore, despite the overwhelming popularity of the Kullback-Leibler divergence as a divergence measure, we argue that alternatives such as the Pearson divergence, the relative Pearson divergence, and the $L^2$-distance are more useful in practice because of their computationally efficient approximability, high numerical stability, and superior robustness against outliers.