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Venkata Subramanian Krishnaraju,Kumar Rajender,Sood Ashwani,Jaya Shukla,Karthikeyan Subramanian,Nandita Kakkar,Naresh Panda,Mittal Bhagwant Rai 대한핵의학회 2021 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.55 No.3
Chondrosarcoma is a cartilaginous tumor of mesenchymal origin. The histology and grade of the tumor determine the chances of relapse and survival. These tumors usually respond poorly to chemo-radiotherapy in cases of non-resectable and recurrent disease. 18F-FDG PET/CT has been used in evaluation of recurrence. However, these tumors show only mild to moderate FDG avidity due to their lower mitotic activity and large acellular matrix. These tumors are known to have a high degree of angiogenesis, especially in those of higher grade. We present a case of a 53-year-old man with grade II chondrosarcoma of the left femur showing only mild avidity on 18F-FDG PET/CT but showing moderate to intense tracer avidity on 68Ga-DOTA-RGD2 PET/CT. This may enable the use of angiogenesis-targeted positron and beta-emitting radiopharmaceuticals as a potentially new theranostic alternative treatment in cases of refractory metastatic chondrosarcoma.
INTEGRATED RATE SPACE ∫ ℓ<sub>π</sub>
Subramanian, N.,Rao, K. Chandrasekhara,Gurumoorthy, N. Korean Mathematical Society 2007 대한수학회논문집 Vol.22 No.4
This paper deals with the BK-AK property of the integrated rate space ${\int}{\ell}_{\pi}$. Importance of ${\delta}^{(k)}$ in this content is pointed out. We investigate a determining set for the integrated rate space ${\int}{\ell}_{\pi}$. The set of all infinite matrices transforming ${\int}{\ell}_{\pi}$, into BK-AK space Y is denoted $({\int}{\ell}_{\pi}:\;Y)$. We characterize the classes $({\int}{\ell}_{\pi}:\;Y)$. When $Y={\ell}_{\infty},\;c_0,\;c,\;{\ell}^p,\;bv,\;bv_0,\;bs,\;cs,\;{\ell}_p,\;{\ell}_{\pi}$. In summary we have the following table:
Subramanian, Esakkiappan,Baeg, Jin-Ook,Kale, Bharat B.,Lee, Sang-Mi,Moon, Sang-Jin,Kong, Ki-Jeong Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.11
Tantalum-containing metal oxides, well known for their efficiency in water splitting and H2 production, have never been used in visible light driven photodecomposition of H2S and H2 production. The present work is an attempt in this direction and investigates their efficiency. A mixed metal oxide, ZnFe2Ta2O9, with the inclusion of Fe2O3 to impart color, was prepared by the conventional ceramic route in single- and double-calcinations (represented as ZnFe2Ta2O9-SC and ZnFe2Ta2O9-DC respectively). The XRD characterization shows that both have identical patterns and reveals tetragonal structure to a major extent and a minor contribution of orthorhombic crystalline system. The UV-visible diffuse reflection spectra demonstrate the intense, coherent and wide absorption of visible light by both the catalysts, with absorption edge at 650 nm, giving rise to a band gap of 1.9 eV. Between the two catalysts, however, ZnFe2Ta2O9-DC has greater absorption in almost the entire wavelength region, which accounts for its strong brown coloration than ZnFe2Ta2O9-SC when viewed by the naked eye. In photocatalysis, both catalysts decompose H2S under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm) and produce solar H2 at a much higher rate than previously reported catalysts. Nevertheless, ZnFe2Ta2O9-DC distinguishes itself from ZnFe2Ta2O9-SC by exhibiting a higher efficiency because of its greater light absorption. Altogether, the tantalum-containing mixed metal oxide proves its efficient catalytic role in H2S decomposition and H2 production process also.
Kinetic and equilibrium studies on the biosorption of textile dyes onto Plantago ovata seeds
Subramanian Sivanesan,Manickam Periyaraman Premkumar,Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar,Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar,Palanichamy Baskaralingam,Vasanthakumar Sathyaselvabala,Thangaraj Vidhyadevi 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.6
The powdered seeds of Plantago ovata (PSPO) were utilized for the removal of Malachite Green (MG)and Rose Bengal (RB) dyes from aqueous media by batch adsorption. The Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that both the dyes were adsorbed between the cellulose matrices, and this has been verified from the intensifying and narrowing aromatic C-H bending vibration. The morphology of the dye laden adsorbent was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed that the dyes were adsorbed between the cellulose matrices of the adsorbent. The PSPO was found to be very effective for the removal of MG and RB at pH 7, and equilibrium was attained within 200 min. The kinetic study indicated that the rate limiting step for MG and RB adsorption may be chemisorption and intraparticle diffusion. Adsorption equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson and Temkin adsorption isotherms. It is inferred from the equilibrium studies that the adsorption of MG follows the Freundlich isotherm and the adsorption of RB follows the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the PSPO was found to be 86.23 mg/g for MG and 81.23 mg/g for RB, respectively.
Subramanian, Arunprabaharan,Annamalai, Alagappan,Lee, Hyun Hwi,Choi, Sun Hee,Ryu, Jungho,Park, Jung Hee,Jang, Jum Suk American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.30
<P>Herein we report the influence of a ZrO2 underlayer on the PEC (photoelectrochemical) behavior of hematite nanorod photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting. Particular attention was given to the cathodic shift in onset potential and photocurrent enhancement. Akaganite (beta-FeOOH) nanorods were grown on ZrO2-coated FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) substrates. Sintering at 800 degrees C transformed akaganite to the hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) phase and induced Sn diffusion into the crystal structure of hematite nanorods from the FTO substrates and surface migration, shallow doping of Zr atoms from the ZrO2 underlayer. The ZrO2 underlayer-treated photoanode showed better water oxidation performance compared to the pristine (alpha-Fe2O3) photoanode. A cathodic shift in the onset potential and photocurrent enhancement was achieved by surface passivation and shallow doping of Zr from the ZrO2 underlayer, along with Sn doping from the FTO substrate to the crystal lattice of hematite nanorods. The Zr based hematite nanorod photoanode achieved 1 mA/cm(2) at 1.23 V-RHE with a low turn-on voltage of 0.80 V-RHE. Sn doping and Zr passivation, as well as shallow doping, were confirmed by XPS, I-ph, and M-S plot analyses. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the presence of a ZrO2 underlayer decreased the deformation of FTO substrate, improved electron transfer at the hematite/FTO interface and increased charge-transfer resistance at the electrolyte/hematite interface. This is the first systematic investigation of the effects of Zr passivation, shallow doping, and Sn doping on hematite nanorod photoanodes through application of a ZrO2 underlayer on the FTO substrate.</P>
Layer by layer approach to enhance capacitance using metal sulfides for supercapacitor applications
Subramanian, Archana,Punnoose, Dinah,Raman, Vivekanandan,Gopi, Chandu V.V. Muralee,Rao, Sunkara Srinivasa,Khan, Muhammad Adil,Kim, Hee-Je Elsevier 2018 Materials letters Vol.231 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Layer-by-layer approach for NiS, CoS and PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate) is being fabricated. Metal sulfides have always been chosen for their remarkable electrochemical characteristics and wide beneficial domains, such as electrochemical energy conversion and storage. This work presents the preparation of cost-effective metal sulfides (NiS, NiS/CoS, NiS/CoS/PEDOT:PSS) developed on nickel foam sheets for supercapacitor (SC) applications. The assembled NiS/CoS/PEDOT:PSS array SC device exhibits an utmost energy density of 30.3 W h kg<SUP>−1</SUP> and specific capacitance of 353 F g<SUP>−1</SUP>. All wet processing methods of fabrication accompanied with superior performance characteristics make these SCs very attractive for the next generation flexible energy storage systems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> NiS/CoS/PEDOT:PSS on nickel foam is coated by Chemical Bath Deposition method. </LI> <LI> Metal sulfides extend active area due to low electronegativity of sulfur over oxygen. </LI> <LI> PEDOT:PSS on NiS/CoS is coated to increase surface area and conductivity. </LI> <LI> NiS/CoS/PEDOT:PSS showed maximal specific capacitance of 353 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 15 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P>
Subramanian, Yuvaraj,Veerasubramani, Ganesh Kumar,Park, Myung-Soo,Kim, Dong-Won The Electrochemical Society 2019 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.166 No.4
<P>We synthesized a layer structured NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> material through gas-phase solid state reaction, and its electrochemical performance was examined as an intercalation anode for sodium-ion hybrid capacitor. The NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> electrode showed a reversible capacity of 142.5 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 200 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP> over 100 cycles with good capacity retention of 94.0%, and it delivered a high discharge capacity of 100.7 mAh at 1000 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The surface capacitive process mainly contributed to the charge storage in the NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> electrode. Its superior electrochemical performance arose from the layered structure of NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> that offered the easy pathway for sodium ion diffusion and accommodated the volume strain during sodiation/de-sodiation processes. The sodium-ion hybrid capacitor assembled with NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> anode and activated carbon cathode exhibited a high power density of 599.6 W kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at energy density of 17.3 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> with good capacity retention of 93.2% at 300 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP> after 3000 cycles. Our results demonstrate that the NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> can be a promising anode material for sodium-ion hybrid capacitor.</P>
SUBRAMANIAN KAILASAVALLI,SELVARAJ SUGANYA,MANI MALLIKA ARJUNAN 한국산업응용수학회 2016 Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and A Vol.20 No.1
In view of ideas for semigroups, fractional calculus, resolvent operator and Banach contraction principle, this manuscript is generally included with existence and controllability (EaC) results for fractional neutral integro-differential systems (FNIDS) with statedependent delay (SDD) in Banach spaces. Finally, an examples are also provided to illustrate the theoretical results.