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      • KCI등재

        Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Intriguing Association

        Raqshan Wajih Siddiqui,Tabish Wajih Siddiqui,Shiza Wajih Siddiqui 대한소아신경학회 2024 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.32 No.2

        Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the overall cognitive, emotional, social, and physical health of the affected individual. It is characterised by challenges in social communication and interaction, repetitive and stereotyped behaviours, and narrow interests. The pathogenesis of ASD is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and early childhood may contribute to the development of ASD. While studies have indicated that vitamin D supplementation can significantly improve symptoms of ASD, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. This review summarises the association between vitamin D levels and ASD, explores potential mechanisms underlying vitamin D's role in ASD, and examines the effect of vitamin D supplementation on ASD symptoms.

      • KCI등재

        Therapeutic Effect of Majoon Mundi and Qairooti Karnab in Dā al-Ṣadaf (Psoriasis): A Case Series

        Siddiqui, Gulnaz Fatima,Siddiqui, Shahid Akhtar,Jabeen, Arzeena,Qamaruddin, Qamaruddin,Kazmi, Munawwar Husain Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2019 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.9 No.4

        Introduction: Psoriasis is a major health concern around the world. Physicians of the Unani system of medicine have been treating psoriasis for centuries. Aim: The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of Majoon Mundi (a semisolid Unani medication intended for oral intake used as blood purifier) and Qairooti Karnab (a Unani medication in paste form intended for topical application used as emollient) in the treatment $na{\ddot{i}}ve$ psoriasis cases and to collect data to warrant further clinical trials. Material and Methods: Psoriasis cases were diagnosed clinically. Data were collected during treatment of five patients of psoriasis treated with the Majoon Mundi (oral intake of 5 gm twice daily with 200 ml of water for 12 weeks) and Qairooti Karnab (topical application on affected sites twice a day for 12 weeks). Patients were treated for 12 weeks. Treatment response was seen with clinical improvement in skin lesions and measurement of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI Scoring) before and after treatment. Results: Reduced PASI Score was observed in all five patients after 12 weeks of treatment [PASI before and after treatment was (mean${\pm}$SD) $20.7{\pm}4.6$ vs. $3.2{\pm}1.8$; p-value <0.05.]. Clinical improvement was noticed within an average of 4 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Preliminary findings indicate the potential therapeutic role of Majoon Mundi and Qairooti Karnab in the treatment of psoriasis. Clinical trials based on this Unani pharmacopeial formulation should be conducted to explore the therapeutic potential of this formulation in psoriasis

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of ESBL Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Highly Polluted Stretch of River Yamuna, India

        Siddiqui, Kehkashan,Mondal, Aftab Hossain,Siddiqui, Mohammad Tahir,Azam, Mudsser,Haq., Qazi Mohd. Rizwanul The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.2

        The rapid increase in number and diversity of Extended Spectrum ${\beta}$-Lactamases (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae in natural aquatic environment is a major health concern worldwide. This study investigates abundance and distribution of ESBL producing multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae and molecular characterization of ESBL genes among isolates from highly polluted stretch of river Yamuna, India. Water samples were collected from ten different sites distributed across Delhi stretch of river Yamuna, during 2014-15. A total of 506 non duplicate Enterobacteriaceae isolates were obtained. Phenotypic detection of ESBL production and antibiotic sensitivity for 15 different antibiotics were performed according to CLSI guidelines (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute, 2015). A subset of ESBL positive Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene and screened for ESBL genes, such as $bla_{CTX-M}$, $bla_{TEM}$ and $bla_{OXA}$. Out of 506 non-duplicate bacterial isolates obtained, 175 (34.58%) were positive for ESBL production. Susceptibility pattern for fifteen antibiotics used in this study revealed higher resistance to cefazolin, rifampicin and ampicillin. A high proportion (76.57%) of ESBL positive isolates showed multidrug resistance phenotype, with MAR index of 0.39 at Buddha Vihar and Old Delhi Railway bridge sampling site. Identification and PCR based characterization of ESBL genes revealed the prevalence of $bla_{CTX-M}$ and $bla_{TEM}$ genes to be 88.33% and 61.66%, respectively. Co-occurrence of $bla_{CTX-M}$ and $bla_{TEM}$ genes was detected in 58.33% of the resistant bacteria. The $bla_{OXA}$ gene was not detected in any isolates. This study highlights deteriorating condition of urban aquatic environment due to rising level of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae with multidrug resistance phenotype.

      • KCI등재

        Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of ESBL Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Highly Polluted Stretch of River Yamuna, India

        ( Kehkashan Siddiqui ),( Aftab Hossain Mondal ),( Mohammad Tahir Siddiqui ),( Mudsser Azam ),( Qazi Mohd. Rizwanul Haq ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.2

        The rapid increase in number and diversity of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae in natural aquatic environment is a major health concern worldwide. This study investigates abundance and distribution of ESBL producing multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae and molecular characterization of ESBL genes among isolates from highly polluted stretch of river Yamuna, India. Water samples were collected from ten different sites distributed across Delhi stretch of river Yamuna, during 2014-15. A total of 506 non duplicate Enterobacteriaceae isolates were obtained. Phenotypic detection of ESBL production and antibiotic sensitivity for 15 different antibiotics were performed according to CLSI guidelines (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute, 2015). A subset of ESBL positive Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene and screened for ESBL genes, such as bla<sub>CTX-M</sub>, bla<sub>TEM</sub> and bla<sub>OXA</sub>. Out of 506 non-duplicate bacterial isolates obtained, 175 (34.58%) were positive for ESBL production. Susceptibility pattern for fifteen antibiotics used in this study revealed higher resistance to cefazolin, rifampicin and ampicillin. A high proportion (76.57%) of ESBL positive isolates showed multidrug resistance phenotype, with MAR index of 0.39 at Buddha Vihar and Old Delhi Railway bridge sampling site. Identification and PCR based characterization of ESBL genes revealed the prevalence of bla<sub>CTX-M</sub> and bla<sub>TEM</sub> genes to be 88.33% and 61.66%, respectively. Co-occurrence of bla<sub>CTX-M</sub> and bla<sub>TEM</sub> genes was detected in 58.33% of the resistant bacteria. The bla<sub>OXA</sub> gene was not detected in any isolates. This study highlights deteriorating condition of urban aquatic environment due to rising level of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae with multidrug resistance phenotype.

      • Singel Agent DAA in HCV PCR Positive Liver Transplant Patients, Experience from a Developing Country

        ( Hafiz Abdul Basit Siddiqui ),( Basit Siddiqui ),( Rabeea Azmat ),( Wasim Jafri ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

        Aims: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is the leading cause of decompensated liver disease and liver transplant indication in Pakistan, which is the second most prevalent country with a prevalence of 3.5% to 5.2%. Being the seventh most populous country in the world, lacking significantly on medical grounds reflected by only one liver transplant centre for more than 10 million chronically affected liver disease patients. Before the era of directly acting antiviral agents (DAAs) most common problem faced in the post liver transplant period was recurrence of HCV and most of the patients were non responders to interferon therapy well before transplantation of liver graft. Aim of this study is to see the outcomes of single agent DAA in HCV PCR positive liver transplant patients. Methods: This cross sectional analysis was carried out in CHC infected post liver transplant patients with high viremia. The effect of DAAs were noted in the form of eradication of virus and achievement of sustained virological response (SVR). DAAs used, were also recored. Also to note the interaction with immunosuppresants and development of side effects notably derangement of liver function test or failure of graft and anemia. And to note the development of acute kidney injury or any other untoward effect. Results: During study period of 24 months, from January 2015 to December 2016, 51 HCV positive liver transplant patients were enrolled in the study. 26 (52%) out of 51 found to have active viral replication with positive PCR. All 26 received combination of Sofosbuvir (only DAA avaialbe till December 2016 in Pakistan) and Ribavirin. Achievement of viral eradication was 100% so was for SVR. There was no interaction with immunosuppressants. Most commonly reported side effect was fatigue and a feeling of nausea. Kidney and liver function tests remained normal. Contrary to recent data, there was no recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients who recieved liver graft for HCC on background of CHC cirrhosis. Conclusions: Directly acting antiviral therapy has revolutionized outcomes of HCV infected post liver transplant patients in a country lacking modern and advanced health care system. Even the single agent therapy has done wonders for the economically less privileged.

      • KCI등재

        LABOUR IN THE THIRD WAVE : THE FUTURE OF WORK IN AMERICA AND THE WORLD

        Siddiqui, Asif 한국외국어대학교 외국학종합연구센터 북미연구소 1999 영미연구 Vol.4 No.-

        In Woody Allen's screenplays, Allen deals with various themes such as lust, seduction, hate, blasphemy, illegitimacy, drugs, psychoeurosis, and almost all tile other sins, and psychopathic elements. He reveals and exposes through his characters some of the basic human problems without holding back any shame. His heros and heroines both suffer from "anhedonic" fevers. Anhedonia is Allen's recurring theme of psychoanalysis in his work. Allen's anhedonic characters suffer from the fear of marriage. Allen does not think that marriage will bring people closer together but only it makes them almost strangers because both of them are trying to obtain the unattainable romantic love. Allen demonstrates in Annie Hall, man's need to control and to reshape life. Allen uses art as a means of confronting man's helplessness before time, lost, and death. Allen's anhedonic characters are not completely in despair, they are so called modern existential heros. They are superior and try hard for tile better, but they suffer. They make some attempts to search for the meaning of life. Allen's drama is a domestic sort where the family is centered. From a traditional point of view on the family, Allen characters try to keep the tradition, possibly tile Jewish tradition. Allen portraits a crumbling Jewish family, but it could be the indication of the decline of the modern world. Allen confronts with self, and his characters do the same. The characters become prisoners of themselves. They are alienated, and sexually and emotionally inadequate. Allen's characters reflect aspects of everyone's life in the modern world, and especially America and Americans. In Bananas(1971) Allen shifts tile focus from the here to the world. "More precisely, the film depicts a lunatic world, a world gone bananas"(Yacowar 132). Allen satirizes America's imperialist exploitation and cultural imperialism throughout tile world. Allen himself is a mystery, and all his characters in his drama become his spokesmen. Douglas Erode begins his first sentence in his book on Allen, "Woody Allen is an enigma"(13). Allen's "enigma" itself is an art. Allen's art does not furnish with satisfying answers, if it does, it is not a true art. Art is life, and life is art. Foolish human beings like Allen's anhedonic characters try to destroy art to reach for the impossible.

      • SCIESCOPUS

        Effective use of aluminum-plastic laminate as a feedstock for catalytic pyrolysis over micro and mesoporous catalysts

        Siddiqui, Muhammad Zain,Park, Young-Kwon,Kang, Yejin,Watanabe, Atsushi,Kim, Seungdo,Kim, Young-Min Elsevier 2019 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.229 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of aluminum plastic laminate over zeolite catalysts were performed to produce high quality oil. Thermogravimetric analysis of aluminum plastic laminate indicated that the decomposition kinetics of aluminum plastic laminate were changed by interactions between the polymer components during the thermogravimetric analysis of aluminum plastic laminate. The effects of aluminum foil on the aluminum plastic laminate decomposition kinetics were negligible. The catalytic pyrolysis of aluminum plastic laminate over the acid catalysts using tandem-micro reactor-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry produced large amounts of aromatics due to the properties of the main polymers, polyethylene and poly (ethylene terephthalate), in aluminum plastic laminate. Among three catalysts, HZSM-5 (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, 23), HY(30), and Al-MCM-41 (20), HZSM-5 (23) had the highest efficiency on aromatics production followed by HY(30) and Al-MCM-41 (20). Co-feeding aluminum plastic laminate to the catalytic pyrolysis of paper over HZSM-5 (23) and HY(30) was also effective on aromatics production, highlighting the potential use of aluminum plastic laminate to enhance the synergistic aromatics formation during the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Interaction between polymers changed kinetic behavior of aluminum plastic laminate. </LI> <LI> Catalytic pyrolysis of aluminum plastic laminate produced aromatics efficiently. </LI> <LI> HZSM-5 was the most effective catalyst on aromatics formation. </LI> <LI> Co-feeding aluminum plastic laminate and paper produced additional aromatics. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • KCI등재

        FROM DETERRENCE AND COERCIVE DIPLOMACY TO WAR: THE 1971 CRISIS IN SOUTH ASIA

        SIDDIQUI, ASIF GRADUATE INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL AND AREA STUD 1997 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.4 No.1

        This study will try to demarcate the reasons for India and Pakistan shifting from policies of coercive diplomacy and deterrence respectively to one of war. The research puzzle that this essay examines is: Why did two countries that were trying to avoid a war in the early part of 1971 engage in full-scale militaryhostilities before the year was over? Indirectly, this essay also sheds light on another puzzle: Why did the Pakistani leadership, which perceived that it was unlikely to defeat India in war, launch an attack from its western wing on December 3, 1971? The position taken in this study is that the cost/benefit analysis for each country shifted in fervor of war because of the strategic interaction between the two over the course of 1971. In sum, this essay adds to the body of literature elucidating reasons coercive diplomacy and deterrence can fail.

      • SCIESCOPUS

        Reliability of TLP tethers under extreme tensions

        Siddiqui, N.A.,Ahmad, Suhail Techno-Press 2003 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.16 No.3

        The tension leg platform (TLP) is a moored floating offshore structure whose buoyancy is more than its weight. The mooring system, known as tethers, is vulnerable to failure due to extreme (maximum and minimum) tensions. In the present study the reliability of these tethers under maximum and minimum tension (ultimate limit state) has been studied. Von-Mises failure criteria has been adopted to define the failure of a tether against maximum tension. The minimum tension failure criteria has been assumed to meet when the tethers slack due to loss of tension. First Order Reliability method (FORM) has been adopted for reliability assessment. The reliability, in terms of reliability index, and probability of failure has been obtained for twelve sea states. The probabilities of failure so obtained for different sea states have been adopted for the calculation of annual and life time probabilities of failure.

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