Case Report : Paget`S Disease of the Vulva Treated by Wide Excision and Reconstruction with Skin Grafts and Flaps: Reports of Three Cases

( Dong Hyu Cho ),( Si Gyun Roh ),( Jeong Heon Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2011 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.54 No.8

Extramammary Paget`s disease is a rare, slow-growing, non-invasive intraepithelial adenocarcinoma that occurs mainly in the elderly outside of the mammary gland. Paget`s disease of the vulva accounts for less than 1% of all vulvar malignancies. The standard treatment is wide local excision of the gross lesion. To prevent a relapse, wide excision with adequate margins is necessary not to leave pathologic lesions around margins of excision. However, since the excised area is too wide to cover all the exposed surface with a simple closure only, skin grafts and flaps can be very useful. We report successful treatment of three cases of extramammary Paget`s disease of the vulva using frozen section analyses of the margins during operation in order to attain Paget`s cells free margins and skin grafts and flaps to cover an extensive defects.

자율주행 드론 충돌회피 알고리즘에 관한 연구

이시현(Si-Hyun Lee),문소희(So-Hee Moon),오영휴(Young-Hyu Oh),김경식(Kyung-Sik Kim),신요안(Yoan Sin) 한국통신학회 2016 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

Effects of Rice Straw Incorporation by Cutting Methods on Soil Properties and Rice Yield in a Paddy Field

Chang-Hyu Yang(양창휴),Taek-Kyum Kim(김택겸),Jin-Hee Ryu(유진희),Sang-Bog Lee(이상복),Sun Kim(김선),Nam-Hyun Baek(백남현),Weon-Young Choi(최원영),Doug-Young Chung(정덕영),Si-Ju Kim(김시주) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.6

본 연구는 논토양 비옥도에 대한 예취높이별 볏짚 혼입효과를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 예취높이별 잔존량은 1,420 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> (10 cm), 1,850 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> (15 cm), 2,400 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> (20 cm)를 나타냈다. 볏짚 혼입으로 토양경도, 용적밀도는 낮아졌고 공극 률이 증가하여 토양물리성이 개선되었다. 볏짚 수거로 토양유기물, 유효인산 및 유효규산 함량이 적어지고 양이온치환용량 이 낮아졌다. 토양에 볏짚 혼입시 비옥도 감소 폭이 적었고 예취높이별 잔존량이 많을수록 혼입효과가 크게 나타났다. 볏짚 혼입에 따라 수수, 영화수 확보가 많고 등숙비율이 높아졌으며 쌀수량은 관행 (3.67 Mg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>)대비 28~32% 증수되었다. 연구결과 예취방법에 의하여 볏짚을 혼입한 재배기술이 수거에 비하여 쌀수량을 증가시켰고 논토양을 개선하였다. This study was to investigate the effects of rice straw incorporation by cutting height on paddy soil fertility. The average residual amount of rice straw by cutting height were showed 1,420 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>, 1,850 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>, and 2,400 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> for depths of 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm, respectively. For soil physical properties, soil hardness and bulk density were decreased while porosity was increased by rice straw incorporation. But soil organic matter (SOM), available silicate content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were significantly decreased when rice straw was removed from the field. These results indicated that the SOM as residual amount of rice straw was influenced by level of cutting height. Milled rice yield was increased by 28% and 32% for cutting heights of 15 cm and 20 cm, compared with that of control, respectively. The number of spikelets per square meter and the percentage of ripeness were increased with increasing incorporation by lower level of cutting height of rice straw. Therefore, incorporation of rice straw practices under cutting method influenced soil improvement and rice yield in paddy field.

Structure and Bonding of Perovskites A($Cu_{1/3}Nb_{2/3}$)$O_3$ (A=Sr, Ba and Pb) and their Series of Mixed Perovskites

Park Hyu-Bum,Huh Hwang,Kim Si-Joong Korean Chemical Society 1992 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.13 No.2

Some perovskites $A($Cu_{1}3}Nb_{2}3}$)O_3(A=$Sr^{2+}$$, $Ba^{2+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$) and their series of mixed perovskites have been prepared by solid state reaction. Single perovskite phase was obtained in Sr or Ba rich samples, but pyrochlore phase was found in Pb rich samples. The stability of perovskite phase is dependent on the ionicity of bonding as well as the tolerance factor. All the obtained perovskites have tetragonal symmetry distorted by Jahn-Teller effect of $Cu^{2+}$. In the case of $Sr(Cu_{1}3}Nb_{2}3})O_3$, some superlattice lines caused by threefold enlarging of fundamental unit cell were observed. And, the symmetry of B site octahedron and the bonding character of B-O bond have been studied by IR, ESR and diffuse reflection spectroscopy. It appeared that the symmetry and the bonding character are influenced by such factors as the size and the basicity of A cation.

신간척지에서 질소 시비수준이 토양화학성 및 유채생육에 미치는 영향

양창휴(Chang-Hyu Yang),김택겸(Taek-Kyum Kim),김선(Sun Kim),백남현(Nam-Hyun Baek),최원영(Weon-Young Choi),이장희(Jang-Hee Lee),정재혁(Jae-Hyeok Jeong),김영두(Young-Doo Kim),김시주(Si-Ju Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2010 No.10

신간척지 토양환경에 따른 사료작물 생산성

양창휴(Chang-Hyu Yang),김택겸(Taek-Kyum Kim),김선(Sun Kim),백남현(Nam-Hyun Baek),최원영(Weon-Young Choi),이장희(Jang-Hee Lee),정재혁(Jae-Hyeok Jeong),김영두(Young-Doo Kim),김시주(Si-Ju Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2011 No.5

돈분액비 시용이 청보리 생육 및 토양환경에 미치는 영향

양창휴(Chang-Hyu Yang),이상복(Sang-Bog Lee),김시주(Si-Ju Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2009 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2009 No.5

간척지 토양특성에 알맞은 사료작물 작부체계 연구

양창휴(Chang-Hyu Yang),이장희(Jang-Hee Lee),김선(Sun Kim),정재혁(Jae-Hyeok Jeong),백남현(Nam-Hyun Ba다),최원영(Weon-Young Choi),이상복(Sang-Bok Lee),김영두(Young-Doo Kim),김시주(Si-Ju Kim),이경보(Gyeong-Bo Lee) 한국토양비료학회 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.3

본 연구는 새만금간척지 광활 및 계화지구 신간척지에서 조사료의 안정생산을 위한 적정 작부체계를 설정코자 2009년 10월부터 2011년 10월까지 수행하였다. 동계 사료작물로 청보리 (영양), 호밀 (곡우), 이탈리안 라이그라스 (passerel plus)와 하계 사료작물로 옥수수 (광평옥), 수수×수단그라스 (G7)를 재배하여 토양화학성, 양분흡수량, 사료가치, 생육 및 수량성을 검토하였다. 시험전 토양은 유기물, 유효인산 및 치환성칼슘 함량이 매우 적었고 치환성마그네슘?나트륨 함량이 많은 알칼리성 염류토양 이었다. 재배기간 동안 토양염농도 변화는 0.2%이하를 나타냈고 염피해는 없었다. 동계 사료작물 입모율은 호밀 〉 청보리 〉이탈리안 라이그라스 순으로 양호하였고 생초 및 건물수량은 이탈리안 라이그라스 〉 호밀 〉 청보리 순으로 높았다. 조단백 함량은 이탈리안 라이그라스 〉 청보리 〉 호밀 순으로 총가소화영양 함량은 청보리 〉 이탈리안 라이그라스 〉 호밀 순으로 많은 경향을 나타냈다. 하계 사료작물 조단백질 및 중성용매불용성섬유, 산성용매불용성섬유 함량은 수수×수단 그라스에서 총가소화영양 함량은 옥수수에서 높았다. 동?하계 사료작물 경엽 및 곡실의 무기양분 함량은 이탈리안 라이그라스와 옥수수에서 높았다. 시험 후 토양화학성은 pH가 낮아지고 총질소 및 유효인산, 치환성칼륨?칼슘 함량이 증가한 반면에 유기물, 치환성마그네슘?나트륨 함량이 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. 동작물과 하작물을 연계한 수량성 (‘10∼’11)에서 생초수량은 청보리 - 옥수수 (74,740 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) 대비 IRG - 수수×수단그라스 10%, IRG - 옥수수 7%, 호밀 - 수수×수단그라스 6%, 호밀 - 옥수수 및 청보리 - 수수×수단그라스 3% 증수되었고 건물수량은 청보리 - 옥수수 (20,280kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) 대비 IRG - 수수×수단그라스 7%, 호밀 - 수수×수단그라스 6%, IRG - 옥수수 3%, 청보리 - 수수×수단그라스 3%, 호밀 - 옥수수 3% 증수되었으며 TDN수량은 청보리 - 옥수수 (13,830 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) 대비 IRG - 수수×수단그라스 2%, 청보리 - 수수×수단그라스 및 IRG - 옥수수 1% 증수되었다. 따라서 생초, 건물수량 및 TDN수량이 높은 “IRG -수수×수단그라스” 및 “청보리 - 수수×수단그라스” 조합을 신간척지 토양특성 (사양토, 배수약간불량, 토양염농도 0.2% 이하)에 알맞은 사료작물 작부조합으로 판단되었다. This study was conducted to find out the optimum cropping system for the stable production of forage crops in the newly reclaimed land located at Gwanghwal and Gyehwa region of Saemangum reclaimed tide land from October, 2009 to October, 2011. Whole crop barley (WCB), Rye, Italyan-ryegrass (IRG) as winter crops and Corn, Sorghum×sudangrass hybrid (SSH) as summer crops were cultivated. Soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, feed value, growth and yield were examinated. The testing soil was showed saline alkali soil where the contents of organic matter, available phosphate and exchangeable calcium were very low, while exchangeable sodium and magnesium were higher. Changes of soil salinity during the growing season of forage crops were less than 0.2%, and the growth of forage crops was not affected by salt injury. Standing rates of winter crops were higher in the order of Rye, WCB, and IRG, while the dry matter yield of winter crops was higher in the order of IRG, Rye and WCB. The highest crude protein (CP) content was recorded in IRG, and total digestive nutrients (TDN) contents were increased in the order of WCB, IRG, and Rye. The TDN content was higher in corn, whereas other feed value was higher in SSH. The content of mineral nutrients on stem, leaf and grain in IRG, Corn were high. After experiment pH was lowed, contents of exchangeable magnesium, sodium and organic matter were decreased while contents of total nitrogen, available phosphate and exchangeable potassium, calcium were increased. Winer crops and summer crops after continually cultivating in cropping system, fresh matter yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (74,740 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>), IRG-SSH 10%, IRG-Corn 7%, Rye-SSH 6%, Rye-Corn and WCB-SSH 3%. Dry matter yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (20,280 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>), IRG-SSH 7%, Rye-SSH 6%, IRG-Corn/Rye-Corn/WCB -SSH 3%. The TDN yield increased, compared to WCB-Corn (13,830 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>), IRG-SSH 2%, WCB-SSH and IRG-Corn 1%. Therefore, we suggest that the crop combination of IRG-SSH and WCB-SSH would be preferred for silage stable production.

하해혼성 평야지 논토양에서 유기물 장기 연용이 토양의 이화학적 특성 변화 및 질소 흡수에 미치는 영향

양창휴(Chang-Hyu Yang),정지호(Ji-Ho Jeong),김택겸(Taek-Kyum Kim),김선(Sun Kim),백남현(Nam-Hyun Baek),최원영(Weon-Young Choi),김영두(Young-Doo Kim),정원교(Won-Kyo Jung),김시주(Si-Ju Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.6

본 연구는 비료 및 유기자원을 30년 연용한 전북통(미사질양토) 논토양에서 수행하였다. 관행 (NPK), NPK+볏짚, NPK+볏짚퇴비와 질소 시비수준을 0, 100, 150,200, 250 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>로 처리하였으며 토양의 이화학성 변화 및 유기탄소 함량, 토양과 식물체의 질소 흡수를 조사 및 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 관행구 (NPK)에 비하여 NPK+볏짚퇴비구에서 토양경도는 15.7 mm에서 12.5mm로, 용적밀도는 1.381 Mg m<SUP>-3</SUP>에서 1.244 Mg m<SUP>-3</SUP>로 유의하게 낮아지는 결과를 보이고 있어 볏짚퇴비 시용에 따른 물리성 개선효과가 인정되었다. 관행구에 비하여 NPK+볏짚퇴비구에서 유효인산 함량은 96 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>에서 133 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>으로, 유효규산 함량은 81 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>에서 116mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>로 유의하게 많아졌고 CEC는 9.8 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>에서 11.4 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>로 유의하게 높아지는 결과를 보이고 있어 볏짚퇴비 시용에 따른 화학성 개량효과가 인정되었다. 토양유기탄소 함량은 처리별 유의적인 차이가 있었으며 토양깊이 0~7.5 cm에서는 관행구에 비하여 NPK+볏짚구, NPK+볏짚퇴비구에서 유의적으로 높았다. 시비질소흡수량은 관행구 (질소 시비수준 100 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>)에 비하여 NPK+볏짚구 (질소 시비수준 250 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) 및 NPK+볏짚퇴비구 (질소 시비수준 200, 250 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>)에서 유의하게 많아지는 결과를 나타냈다. 질소이용률은 관행구(질소 시비수준 100 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>)에 비하여 NPK+볏짚퇴비구 (질소 시비수준 100, 150 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>)에서 유의하게 높아지는 결과를 나타냈다. 논토양에서 유기자원 시용은 물리성 개선 및 비옥도를 향상시켜 벼의 시비질소흡수량 증가로 질소이용률을 높이는데 크게 기여한 것으로 생각된다. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fertilizer and organic resource annual dressing for 30 years of Jeonbug series (silt loam) on soil properties and rice N uptake in paddy field soil. In the study field, treatments including control (NPK), NPK+rice straw, NPK+rice straw compost and nitrogen fertilization levels at 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> have been imposed for 30 years. Soil hardness and bulk density decreased from 15.7 mm and 1.381 Mg m<SUP>-3</SUP> in the control to 12.5 mm and 1.244 Mg m<SUP>-3</SUP> in NPK+rice straw compost treatment, respectively, indicating improvement of soil physical conditions such as porosity. Co-application of straw compost with NPK also result in a better chemical properties than NPK alone as it increased available phosphate (from 96 to 133 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>), available silicate (from 81 to 116 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>), and cation exchange capacity (from 9.8 to 11.4 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>). Soil organic matter concentration of top soil (0 to 7.5 cm in depth) was higher in NPK+rice straw and NPK+rice straw compost than in control. Fertilizer N uptake amount was much higher in NPK+rice straw (nitrogen fertilization level; 250 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) and NPK+rice straw compost (nitrogen fertilization levels; 200, 250 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) plots compared to the control (nitrogen fertilization level; 100 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) plot. Nitrogen use efficiency was showed significantly high in the NPK+rice straw compost (nitrogen fertilization levels; 100, 150 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) plot compared to the control (nitrogen fertilization level; 100 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) plot. Therefore, it was suggested that application of organic inputs is helpful in improving soil fertility and physical conditions and thus in N uptake.

Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth of Rape (Brassica napus L.) in Newly Reclaimed Land in Korea

Yang, Chang-Hyu,Kim, Taek-Kyum,Kim, Sun,Baek, Nam-Hyun,Choi, Weon-Young,Lee, Jang-Hee,Jung, Jae-Hyeok,Lee, Yong-Hwa,Kim, Si-Ju,Lee, Kyeong-Bo Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.4

This study was conducted to find out the optimum nitrogen application rate for the stable production of rape in the newly reclaimed land located at Gangwhal region of Saemangum reclaimed land in which the soil is sandy loam (Munpo series). There were five treatments of nitrogen fertilization from zero to 60% increment based on the standard fertilization of $150kg\;ha^{-1}$. The growth of rape (Sunmang) was not affected by salt content while soil salinity was increased at blossoming season of rape. Compared to yield of standard fertilization the yield and the content of oleic acid of rape were increased by 4~26% with the increasing additional nitrogen fertilizer. The results obtained from the growth and yield of rape in this study indicated that it was possible to cultivate rape in a newly reclaimed land if soil salinity was kept below $3dS\;m^{-1}$.