http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Effects of Continuous Straw Returning on Soil Functional Microorganisms and Microbial Communities
Guan Yunpeng,Wu Meikang,Che Songhao,Yuan Shuai,Yang Xue,Li Siyuan,Tian Ping,Wu Lei,Yang Meiying,Wu Zhihai 한국미생물학회 2023 The journal of microbiology Vol.61 No.1
This study examined the changes in soil enzymatic activity, microbial carbon source metabolic diversity, and straw decomposition rates in paddy fields treated with 1, 2, or 3 years of straw returning (SR1–SR3). The soil’s ability to decompose straw and cellulolytic bacteria increased with the number of treatment years (1: 31.9% vs. 2: 43.9% vs. 3: 51.9%, P < 0.05). The numbers of Azotobacter, Nitrobacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and inorganic phosphate bacteria increased progressively with the numbers of straw returning years. Cellulolytic bacteria and inorganic phosphate bacteria were significantly positively correlated with the decomposition rate (r = 0.783 and r = 0.375, P < 0.05). Based on 16S sequencing results, straw returning improved the microbial diversity of paddy soils by increasing unclassified bacteria and keeping dominant soil microorganism populations unchanged. The relative importance of individual microbial taxa was compared using random forest models. Proteobacteria, ammoniating bacteria, and potassium dissolving bacteria contributed to peroxidase activity. The significant contributors to phosphate monoesterase were Acidobacteriota, Desulfobacterota, ammoniating bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria. Proteobacteria, ammoniating bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria contributed to urease activity. Desulfobacterota, ammoniating bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and potassium-dissolving bacteria contributed to the neutral invertase activity. In conclusion, soil microbial community structure and function were affected within 2 years of straw returning, which was driven by the combined effects of soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium, and pH. With elapsing straw returning years, soil properties interacted with soil microbial communities, and a healthier soil micro-ecological environment would form.
Yunling Du,Yanhong Yang,Shuai Guan,Xinguang Wang,Chuanyong Cui,Jinguo Li,Yizhou Zhou,Xiaofeng Sun 대한금속·재료학회 2024 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.30 No.1
A discontinuous plastic flow is detected in a single-crystal superalloy with an [001] orientation during tensile tests over a wide temperature range. Results reveals that the synergistic impact of normal γ′ precipitates and nanoscale γ′ precipitates in γ matrix on the dislocations motion is the root of the serrated flow.
Ye Guiwen,Li Jinteng,Yu Wenhui,Xie Zhongyu,Zheng Guan,Liu Wenjie,Wang Shan,Cao Qian,Lin Jiajie,Su Zepeng,Li Dateng,Che Yunshu,Fan Shuai,Wang Peng,Wu Yanfeng,Shen Huiyong 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-
Improving health and delaying aging is the focus of medical research. Previous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence is closely related to organic aging and the development of aging-related diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). m6A is a common RNA modification that plays an important role in regulating cell biological functions, and ALKBH5 is one of the key m6A demethylases. However, the role of m6A and ALKBH5 in MSC senescence is still unclear. Here, we found that the m6A level was enhanced and ALKBH5 expression was decreased in aging MSCs induced by multiple replications, H2O2 stimulation or UV irradiation. Downregulation of ALKBH5 expression facilitated MSC senescence by enhancing the stability of CYP1B1 mRNA and inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, IGF2BP1 was identified as the m6A reader restraining the degradation of m6A-modified CYP1B1 mRNA. Furthermore, Alkbh5 knockout in MSCs aggravated spontaneous OA in mice, and overexpression of Alkbh5 improved the efficacy of MSCs in OA. Overall, this study revealed a novel mechanism of m6A in MSC senescence and identified promising targets to protect against aging and OA.