Interaction between physical and chemical weathering of argillaceous rocks and the effects on the occurrence of acid mine drainage (AMD)

Shinji Matsumoto,Hideki Shimada,Takashi Sasaoka 한국지질과학협의회 2017 Geosciences Journal Vol.21 No.3

The disintegration of rocks by weathering plays an important role in the occurrence of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), which is the environmental problem caused by the exposure of sulfide minerals to water and oxygen. The weathering of rocks is, generally, classified into physical or chemical weathering. However, there are few studies that focus on the complex interaction between physical and chemical weathering of rocks and on the effects of the interaction on the occurrence of AMD. This paper elucidates the complex interrelation between physical and chemical weathering of rocks as well as the progress of AMD through leaching test and weathering test with argillaceous rocks taken in open-cast coal mine in Indonesia in addition to sample analysis before and after the wetting and drying cycle: the rock samples were exposed to oxygen and water during the cycle. The results indicated that the argillaceous rocks which consist of sulfide and/or sulfate caused chemical weathering with micro-cracks on the surface of rocks through the dissolution of soluble iron and sulfur during the occurrence of AMD. Additionally, physical weathering of rocks due to clay minerals was accelerated by chemical weathering with the development of cracks with the occurrence of AMD in the argillaceous rocks containing kaolinite and pyrite. Although weathering of rocks also accelerated AMD, it was concluded that the sulfur content, the form of sulfur and iron in rocks, and the supply of oxygen significantly contributed to the occurrence of AMD.

A Proposal for Prototype-Free Production Preparation Processes Utilizing 3DCG Animations

Shinji Shinoda,Kazuhiro Shimozawa,Akira Niwa,Takeshi Kawase,Toshiyuki Matsumoto,Tadahiro Mizumachi 대한산업공학회 2009 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.8 No.2

As the use of 3DCAD data became widespread in designing products in manufacturing, attempts have been made to shorten lead time and reduce cost of production preparation utilizing 3DCAD data for launching assembly lines. In order to create assembly plans not only efficient but easy for operators to operate (‘easy-tooperate’), this study presents approaches, methods, and systems for creating 3DCGAs (3 Dimensional Computer Graphic Animations) which automatically utilize a prototype-free production preparation methodology. Characteristics of this study include that it proposes the methodology for creating assembly operation 3DCGAs automatically, for all the possible assembly operations corresponding each of the possible assembly sequences first. Using the created 3DCGAs, the study next considers assembly methods by evaluating how easy or ‘operator friendly’ they are in implementing, and devises tools or jigs to be used, and plans efficient assembly line organization. The concept of the methodology was formed by focusing on the value-adding assembly steps at which parts turn into products directly. The study also validates the effectiveness of the presented methodology by employing the methods used in actual production preparation process in businesses, and proves that an efficient assembly line can be organized in a shorter period of time utilizing the developed system and by preparing easy-to-operate and efficient plans in 3DCGAs at the design stage.

Identification of the Gene Responsible for Chicken Muscular Dystrophy

Matsumoto, Hirokazu,Sasazaki, Shinji,Mannen, Hideyuki The Korean Society of Poultry Science 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

By a series of positional cloning, we successfully narrowed down the AM candidate region to approximately 1.2 Mbp on GGA2q including 7 functional genes. Subsequently, we identified WWP1 gene as the most likely AM candidate by sequence comparison. The amino acid sequence around the candidate mutation was highly conserved among tetrapods, suggesting that WWP1 is the causative gene of chicken muscular dystrophy. Transfection of mutated WWP1 gene into $C_2C_{12}$ myoblasts disrupted muscle differentiation process. The abnormal muscle differentiation is a characteristic of chicken muscular dystrophy, so we could demonstrate a part of phenotype of the disease. Furthermore, western blotting revealed that accumulation of caveolin-3 protein is limited in damaged muscle of muscular dystrophic chicken, suggesting caveolin-3 may be associated with the pathological change of the disease. We could conclude that WWP1 gene is the responsible one for chicken muscular dystrophy from these results, but the mechanism leading the onset should be clarified in the future. The information will contribute to the study of chicken muscular dystrophy and the corresponding human dystrophies.

Effcacy and Safety of Complete Endoscopic Resection of Colorectal Neoplasia Using a Stepwise Endoscopic Protocol with SOUTEN, a Novel Multifunctional Snare

Shinji Yoshii,Marina Kubo,Mio Matsumoto,Takefumi Kikuchi,Yasunari Takakuwa 대한소화기내시경학회 2020 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.53 No.2

Background/Aims: A multifunctional snare SOUTEN has a sharp tip at the top of the snare loop that enables incision of the mucosa,dissection of the submucosal layer, and snaring of lesion. This study assessed the effcacy and safety of complete endoscopic resection ofcolorectal neoplasia using SOUTEN. Methods: We analyzed the rates of gross en bloc resection and complete resections of 108 consecutive tumors from 69 patientsresected by precutting endoscopic mucosal resection (precutting), hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (hybrid), or conventionalendoscopic submucosal dissection (conventional) using SOUTEN. Results: Out of the 108 tumors, 50 were resected by precutting, 27 were resected by hybrid after attempting precutting, and theremaining 31 were resected by conventional after attempting precutting and hybrid resections. The median tumor sizes were 14.5 mmfor precutting, 16.4 mm for hybrid, and 21.1 mm for conventional. The success rate of gross en bloc resection and histological completeresection were 100% and 94.0% for precutting, 96.4% and 96.4% for hybrid, and 100% and 100% for conventional method, respectively. No procedure-related complication occurred. Conclusions: By using SOUTEN, precutting and hybrid were successfully performed on 10–30 mm tumors with a shorter proceduretime than conventional without major complications.

Metal-Assisted Etching of Silicon - Formation of Porous Structure and General Corrosion of Whole Surface -

Shinji YAE,Ayumu MATSUMOTO 한국표면공학회 2023 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2023 No.11-1

A Proposal for Prototype-Free Production Preparation Processes Utilizing 3DCG Animations

Shinoda, Shinji,Shimozawa, Kazuhiro,Niwa, Akira,Kawase, Takeshi,Matsumoto, Toshiyuki,Mizumachi, Tadahiro Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2009 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.8 No.2

As the use of 3DCAD data became widespread in designing products in manufacturing, attempts have been made to shorten lead time and reduce cost of production preparation utilizing 3DCAD data for launching assembly lines. In order to create assembly plans not only efficient but easy for operators to operate ('easy-to-operate'), this study presents approaches, methods, and systems for creating 3DCGAs (3 Dimensional Computer Graphic Animations) which automatically utilize a prototype-free production preparation methodology. Characteristics of this study include that it proposes the methodology for creating assembly operation 3DCGAs automatically, for all the possible assembly operations corresponding each of the possible assembly sequences first. Using the created 3DCGAs, the study next considers assembly methods by evaluating how easy or 'operator friendly' they are in implementing, and devises tools or jigs to be used, and plans efficient assembly line organization. The concept of the methodology was formed by focusing on the value-adding assembly steps at which parts turn into products directly. The study also validates the effectiveness of the presented methodology by employing the methods used in actual production preparation process in businesses, and proves that an efficient assembly line can be organized in a shorter period of time utilizing the developed system and by preparing easy-to-operate and efficient plans in 3DCGAs at the design stage.

Identification of the Gene Responsible for Chicken Muscular Dystrophy

Hirokazu Matsumoto,Shinji Sasazaki,Hideyuki Mannen 韓國家禽學會 2011 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.38 No.2

By a series of positional cloning, we successfully narrowed down the AM candidate region to approximately 1.2 Mbp on GGA2q including 7 functional genes. Subsequently, we identified WWP1 gene as the most likely AM candidate by sequence comparison. The amino acid sequence around the candidate mutation was highly conserved among tetrapods, suggesting that WWP1 is the causative gene of chicken muscular dystrophy. Transfection of mutated WWP1 gene into C₂C₁₂ myoblasts disrupted muscle differentiation process. The abnormal muscle differentiation is a characteristic of chicken muscular dystrophy, so we could demonstrate a part of phenotype of the disease. Furthermore, western blotting revealed that accumulation of caveolin-3 protein is limited in damaged muscle of muscular dystrophic chicken, suggesting caveolin-3 may be associated with the pathological change of the disease. We could conclude that WWP1 gene is the responsible one for chicken muscular dystrophy from these results, but the mechanism leading the onset should be clarified in the future. The information will contribute to the study of chicken muscular dystrophy and the corresponding human dystrophies.

Relationship among Osteoporosis, Sarcopenia, Locomotive Syndrome, and Spinal Kyphosis in Older Individuals Living in a Local Mountain Area

Tanishima Shinji,Hagino Hiroshi,Matsumoto Hiromi,Tanimura Chika,Nagashima Hideki 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.6

Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.Purpose: This study investigated the relationship among osteoporosis, sarcopenia, locomotive syndrome, and spinal kyphosis in older individuals living in a mountain area.Overview of Literature: Kyphosis greatly reduces the quality of life of older individuals. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are kyphosiscausing factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 361 individuals aged ≥65 years (mean age, 75.0 years) living in a local mountain area and underwent medical check-ups from 2014 to 2018. The survey items included kyphosis index, body mass index, back pain prevalence, back pain Visual Analog Scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, walking speed, grip strength, skeletal mass index, osteoporosis (% young adult mean [YAM]), LOCOMO 5 score, and presence of sarcopenia (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia). The participants were divided into the N (kyphosis index: <12; n=229, 63.4%), M (kyphosis index: 12–15; n=99, 27.4%), and K (kyphosis index: ≥15; n=33, 9.2%) groups. <i>p</i> -values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. An association factor of kyphosis (kyphosis index: ≥15) was investigated with logistic regression analysis.Results: Age and LOCOMO 5 scores were significantly higher (<i>p</i> <0.05) and %YAM and walking speed were significantly lower (<i>p</i> <0.05) in the K group than in the M and N groups. Other survey items showed significant differences. Only %YAM (odds ratio, 0.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.96) was an independent factor associated with a kyphosis index of ≥15.Conclusions: Decreased muscle mass and muscle strength would be related to kyphosis; however, no such relations were noted. Bone loss was significantly related to kyphosis. Osteoporosis-induced decrease in vertebral body height is present in the background. Sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome were not related to kyphosis, whereas decreased bone density was independently associated with kyphosis in older individuals living in a mountain area.

Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis and gait variability increases risk of falling for osteoporotic older adults: The GAINA study

Hiromi Matsumoto,Hiroshi Hagino,Hirofumi Sageshima,Mari Osaki,Shinji Tanishima,Chika Tanimura 대한골다공증학회 2015 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.1 No.1

Objectives: To examine the relationship between history of falling, and musculoskeletal disease, bone mass, muscle strength, muscle mass, kyphosis, and gait speed and variability in osteoporotic older adults. Methods: The GAINA study, which began in 2014, is a population-based prospective study of subject cohorts from the town of Hino, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Participants were recruited from among individuals who had an annual town-sponsored medical check-up in 2014, between May and June. A total 223 of residents were screened for our study. Inclusion criteria were osteoporotic older adults who had: (1) a ?70% young adult mean (YAM) bone mass as assessed using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) methods, (2) a prior hip fracture or vertebral fracture, (3) fragility fractures other than hip and vertebral fractures and <80% YAM of bone mass. From the total screened, 91 residents (mean age, 76.0 ± 8.0 years; 22 men and 69 women) met the eligibility criteria. History of falling, diagnosis of musculoskeletal disease, bone mass, grip strength, muscle mass, kyphosis, and gait speed were assessed. Gait variability analysis was based on acceleration in three directions: mediolateral (ML), vertical (VT), and anteroposterior (AP) using a wireless triaxial accelerometer. Subjects were classified as belonging to a nonfall group or fall group based on their history of falling. Results: During the previous 12 months, 26 falls were reported by 16 subjects (5 men and 11 women). Sixteen of the 91 included patients (17.6%) fell (22% men and 15% women), and 8 of the 16 subjects reported multiple falls. In a multivariable analysis, diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis and higher gait variability had a significant independent relationship with falling in these osteoporotic adults. Conclusions: Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis and gait variability are associated with previous falls in osteoporotic older adults. Accelerometrybased gait analysis may be a useful tool with which to assess the risk of falling in this population.

Effect of Internal Flow in Symmetric and Asymmetric Micro Regenerative Pump Impellers on Their Pressure Performance

Horiguchi, Hironori,Matsumoto, Shinji,Tsujimoto, Yoshinobu,Sakagami, Masaaki,Tanaka, Shigeo Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2009 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.2 No.1

The effect of symmetric and asymmetric micro regenerative pump impellers on their pressure performance was studied. The shut off head of the pump with the symmetric impeller was about 2.5 times as that with the asymmetric impeller. The computation of the internal flow was performed to clarify the cause of the increase of the head. It was found that the contribution of the angular momentum supply was larger than that of shear stress for the head development in both cases. The larger head and momentum supply in the case of the symmetric impeller were caused by larger recirculated flow rate and larger angular momentum difference between the inlet and outlet to the impeller. The larger recirculated flow rate was caused by smaller pressure gradient in the direction of recirculated flow. The decrease of the circumferential velocity in the casing was attributed to the smaller local flow rate in the casing.