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Shin, J.,Jung, H.,Kim, Y.,Kim, J. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.589 No.-
Vanadium pentoxide (V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>) is a promising cathode material for high energy Li-ion batteries (LIBs), because of its low cost, abundance, and high theoretical capacity. V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> has a theoretical capacity of 294mAhg<SUP>-1</SUP> at 2.0-4.0V and 441mAhg<SUP>-1</SUP> at 1.5-4.0V, corresponding to redox reactions with two and three lithium ions, respectively. However, V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> has disadvantages of low electrical conductivity and slow lithium ion diffusion, resulting in poor cycling stability and rate capability. In this study, carbon-coated V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> is synthesized by impregnating the aqueous V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> precursor ((NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>[VO(C<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>]) into the pores of a carbon foam, and controlled thermal treatment under an inert atmosphere in a facile and scalable method. The carbon-coated V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> shows enhanced cycling stability and rate capability compared to nano-sized V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>.
Shin, J‐,A,Shim, J‐,H,Jeon, J‐,G,Choi, K‐,H,Choi, E‐,S,Cho, N‐,P,Cho, S‐,D Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Oral diseases Vol.17 No.2
<P> <I>Oral Diseases</I> (2011) <B>17</B>, 162–170</P><P><B>OBJECTIVES: </B> The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth inhibitory and apoptosis‐inducing effects and mechanisms of <I>Polygonum cuspidatum</I> root in oral cancer cells.</P><P><B>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </B> The testing materials were separated by normal‐phase silica gel liquid chromatography. The effect of <I>P. cuspidatum</I> root on apoptotsis and its mechanism were performed using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐20yl)‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulphophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium) (MTS) assay, western blot analysis, RT‐PCR, promoter assay, and (4′‐6‐Diamidino‐2‐phenylindole) (DAPI) staining .</P><P><B>RESULTS: </B> The methanol extract of <I>P. cuspidatum </I>(MEPC) inhibited the proliferation of oral cancer cells by inducing caspase‐dependent apoptosis. Protein and mRNA expression levels and the transactivation of Specificity protein 1 (Sp1) were markedly decreased in KB cells treated with MEPC. Ethyl acetate fraction (EA) from MEPC was more potent than aqueous fraction (AQ) from MEPC to induce apoptosis. F2, F3, and F4 from EA differentially inhibited the growth of KB cells, and it depends on the amount of Emodin in F2, F3, and F4. Moreover, Emodin inhibited oral cancer cell growth and induced caspase‐dependent apoptosis by decreasing Sp1. MEPC also decreased an apoptosis‐related downstream target of Sp1 protein, survivin.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION: </B> The results from this study strongly suggest that MEPC, its fraction, and Emodin may be potential bioactive materials to cause apoptosis mechanism via the down‐regulation of Sp1 in oral cancer cells.</P>
Shin, J.,Mendoza, X.,Hawkins, M.A.,Choi, C. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 International business review Vol.26 No.5
This research explores the relationship between multinationality and firm performance (M-P) in the context of micro-multinational enterprises (mMNEs) within the service sector. We examine the moderating effects of industry characteristics using a data set of 1082 Spanish service mMNEs over an eight-year period. The empirical results provide statistical evidence that knowledge-intensive service mMNEs exhibit an inverted U-shaped M-P relationship, while capital-intensive service mMNEs present a U-shaped relationship. Our findings demonstrate that knowledge-intensive service mMNEs increase their performance in the initial stage of multinationality, encounter a threshold of internationalization at relatively low levels of multinationality and have a propensity to over-internationalize. By comparison, capital-intensive service mMNEs experience negative performance effects at low levels of multinationality and positive ones as they further internationalize. Given that their operations are scale-sensitive, they tend to expand internationally by concentrating their operations in few foreign markets as a means to overcome the liabilities of internationalization and smallness. We contribute to the literatures on multinationality research in the service sector and on SME internationalization by showing that the effects of multinationality on the performance of mMNEs depend on industry characteristics and that such contextual factors provide a better understanding of the M-P relationship.