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The Use of Pedicle Screw-Rod System for the Posterior Fixation in Cervico-Thoracic Junction
Cho, Won-ik,Eid, Ahmed Shawky,Chang, Ung-Kyu The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2010 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.48 No.1
Objective : In cervico-thoracic junction (CTJ), the use of strong fixation device such as pedicle screw-rod system is often required. Purpose of this study is to analyze the anatomical features of C7 and T1 pedicles related to screw insertion and to evaluate the safety of pedicle screw insertion at these levels. Methods : Nineteen patients underwent posterior CTJ fixation with C7 and/or T1 included in fixation levels. Seventeen patients had tumorous conditions and two with post-laminectomy kyphosis. The anatomical features were analyzed for C7 and T1 pedicles in 19 patients using computerized tomography (CT). Pedicle screw and rod fixation system was used in 16 patients. Pedicle violation by screws was evaluated with postoperative CT scan. Results : The mean values of the width, height, stable depth, safety angle, transverse angle, and sagittal angle of C7 pedicles were $6.9{\pm}1.34\;mm$, $8.23{\pm}1.18\;mm$, $30.93{\pm}4.65\;mm$, $26.42{\pm}7.91$ degrees, $25.9{\pm}4.83$ degrees, and $10.6{\pm}3.39$ degrees. At T1 pedicles, anatomic parameters were similar to those of C7. The pedicle violation revealed that 64.1% showed grade I violation and 35.9% showed grade II violation, overall. As for C7 pedicle screw insertion, grade I was 61.5% and grade II 38.5%. At T1 level, grade I was 65.0% and grade II 35.0%. There was no significant difference in violation rate between the whole group, C7, and T1 group. Conclusion : C7 pedicles can withstand pedicle screw insertion. C7 pedicle and T1 pedicle are anatomically very similar. With the use of adequate fluoroscopic oblique view, pedicle screw can be safely inserted at C7 and T1 levels.
Abdel‐Baki Abdel‐Azeem S.,Aboelhadid Shawky M.,Sokmen Atalay,Al‐Quraishy Saleh,Hassan Ahmed O.,Kamel Asmaa A. 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.11
The present study was designed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of different concentrations of Foeniculum vulgare and two of its components, trans-anethole and fenchone, against the different stages of Musca domestica. The tested concentrations were applied through a residual film method and topical application on larvae and pupae respectively. Trans-anethole achieved the best results against larvae when compared with those of the fennel or fenchone with LC50 values of 0.58%, 1.57%, and 17.22%, respectively. Moreover, tans-anethole killed 100% of larvae at concentration of 2.5% and fennel achieved the same effect at concentration of 10%, meanwhile fenchone did not reach such an effect at any of the tested concentrations. At the concentration of 10%, fennel oil and trans-anethole induced morphological deformation in the dead larvae such as shrunk bodies with dark colored integument. Regarding the pupicidal activity, fennel oil showed percentage inhibition rate (PIR) of 100% at the concentration of 10% while the same effect was achieved by trans-anethole at concentration of 5%. On the contrary, fenchone did not show any pupicidal activity. Treatment of the third instar house fly larvae with LC5o of fennel oil, trans-anethole, and fenchone significantly inhibited the acetylcholinestrase (AchE) when compared with the control untreated larvae. Additionally, the glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production significantly increased in the larvae treated with trans-anethole. The results of the present study indicate that the insecticidal activity of fennel oil was mainly attributed to the presence of trans-anethole as a major constituent.
Tarek Elfiky,Nirmal Patil,Mohamed Shawky,Ahmed Siam,Raafat Ragab,Yasser Allam 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.1
Objective: The objective was to compare Cobb angle measurements performed using an Oxford Cobbmeter and digital computer software (Surgimap) in a series of 83 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. Methods: Two independent observers measured the Cobb angles for 123 curves on 83 consecutive long radiographs of patients with AIS using both Oxford Cobbmeter and digital computer software (Surgimap). The measurements were repeated a week. Curves were classified according to the severity into mild, moderate, and severe. The results were statistically analyzed for intraobserver and interobserver reliability Results: The mean Cobb angle was 48.12°±19.75° (range, 10.54°–110.76°). Globally the results of curve measurements were comparable between and within both observers using both methods, with small mean differences. According to intraclass correlation coefficient, there was high inter- and intraobserver high agreement for both methods. All readings were >0.9. There was a good interobserver (κ=0.745, 0.693) and a very good interobserver agreement (κ=0.810, 0.804) for both methods for curve classification. However, poor agreement was observed as regards to the measurement time, being less with Oxford Cobbometer. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Surgimap digital computer software measurement is an equivalent measuring tool to the Oxford Cobbmeter in Cobb angle measurement. Both have high intra and interobserver agreement for measurement and for curve classification, with small measurement differences. Oxford Cobbmeter is advantageous in being quicker, and therefore it is the method of choice for manual measurement, where PACS (patient archiving and communication system) or digital system is not available.
Toward High-performance Quinoxaline Based Unfused Non-fullerene Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells
Amna Ayub,Muhammad Ans,Sehrish Gul,Ahmed M. Shawky,Khurshid Ayub,Javed Iqbal,Muhammad Ali Hashmi,Ahmed Lakhani 대한금속·재료학회 2023 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.19 No.1
Unfused non-fullerene acceptors with the advantages of simple synthesis, high yields, and low cost have received a lot ofinterest in recent years. Herein, we designed fi ve structures (UF-M1–UF-M5) with unfused non-fullerene acceptors coupledto electron-defi cient quinoxaline (Qx) as the core unit via electron-donating cyclo-penta-dithiophene (CPDT) as the conjugatedbackbone by modifi cation in UF-Qx-2Cl taken as reference. Among all, mPW1PW91 method predicted λ max closestto the λ max of UF-Qx-2Cl, so we implemented the mPW1PW91 method with a 6-31G(d,p) basis set for the optimization ofdesigned geometries and their molecular electrostatic mapping (MEP). Further parameters like FMOs (frontier molecularorbitals), TDM (transition density matrix analysis), DOS (density of state analysis), electron–hole mobility rate (reorganizationenergies), dipole moment, and chemical quantum descriptive parameters were evaluated for organic photovoltaics. Among all, UF-M4 predicted better absorption in the gaseous and solvent phase (λ max = 726 nm and 789 nm respectively),lower bandgap (E g = 2.03 eV), higher dipole moment (1.99 and 5.33 debye in gaseous and solvent phase respectively), betterquantum chemical descriptive parameters, and higher electron mobility rate (λ e = 0.00766 eV). The results reveal that theacceptor molecule UF-M4 that has been created performs better in studies and better opportunities for organic-photovoltaics. To summarize, the unfused non-fullerene-based acceptor modifi cation technique has shown eff ective in paving the way forthe development of promising photovoltaic materials. All currently projected acceptor contributors (UF-M1–UF-M5) shouldbe targeted to produce future competent organic photovoltaics.
Sakaguchi, Takahiro,Jeon, Il,Chiba, Takaaki,Shawky, Ahmed,Xiang, Rong,Chiashi, Shohei,Kauppinen, Esko I.,Park, Nam-Gyu,Matsuo, Yutaka,Maruyama, Shigeo Cambridge University Press (Materials Research Soc 2018 MRS Communications Vol.8 No.3
<▼1><B>Abstract</B><P/></▼1><▼2><P>Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a structure of glass/FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as the transparent top electrodes, followed by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) over-coating were fabricated. The SWNT-based PSCs do not require expensive metal electrodes and hole-transporting materials yet produce a decent power conversion efficiency of 11.8%, owing to the densifying effect of SWNTs by PMMA. The resulting devices demonstrate reduced hysteresis, improved stability, and increased power conversion efficiency.</P></▼2>