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Central role of autophagic UVRAG in melanogenesis and the suntan response
Yang, Yongfei,Jang, Gyu-beom,Yang, Xuanjun,Wang, Qiaoxiu,He, Shanshan,Li, Shun,Quach, Christine,Zhao, Shihui,Li, Fan,Yuan, Zengqiang,Lee, Hye-Ra,Zhong, Hanbing,Liang, Chengyu National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.33
<P>UV-induced cell pigmentation represents an important mechanism against skin cancers. Sun-exposed skin secretes alpha-MSH, which induces the lineage-specific transcriptional factor MITF and activates melanogenesis in melanocytes. Here, we show that the autophagic tumor suppressor UVRAG plays an integral role in melanogenesis by interaction with the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1). This interaction is required for BLOC-1 stability and for BLOC-1-mediated cargo sorting and delivery to melanosomes. Absence of UVRAG dispersed BLOC-1 distribution and activity, resulting in impaired melanogenesis in vitro and defective melanocyte development in zebrafish in vivo. Furthermore, our results establish UVRAG as an important effector for melanocytes' response to alpha-MSH signaling as a direct target of MITF and reveal the molecular basis underlying the association between oncogenic BRAF and compromised UV protection in melanoma.</P>
Yang, Yankang,Zhang, Zhi-Guo,Bin, Haijun,Chen, Shanshan,Gao, Liang,Xue, Lingwei,Yang, Changduk,Li, Yongfang American Chemical Society 2016 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.138 No.45
<P>Low bandgap n-type organic semiconductor (n-OS) ITIC has attracted great attention for the application as an acceptor with medium bandgap p-type conjugated polymer as donor in nonfullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs) because of its attractive photovoltaic performance. Here we report a modification on the molecular structure of ITIC by side-chain isomerization with meta-alkylphenyl substitution, m-ITIC, to further improve its photovoltaic performance. In a comparison with its isomeric counterpart ITIC with para-alkyl-phenyl substitution, m-ITIC shows a higher film absorption coefficient, a larger crystalline coherence, and higher electron mobility. These inherent advantages of m-ITIC resulted in a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.77% for the nonfullerene PSCs with m-ITIC as acceptor and a medium bandgap polymer J61 as donor, which is significantly improved over that (10.57%) of the corresponding devices with ITIC as acceptor. To the best of our knowledge, the PCE of 11.77% is one of the highest values reported in the literature to date for nonfullerene PSCs. More importantly, the m-ITIC-based device shows less thickness-dependent photovoltaic behavior than ITIC-based devices in the active-layer thickness range of 80-360 nm, which is beneficial for large area device fabrication. These results indicate that m-ITIC is a promising low bandgap n-OS for the application as an acceptor in PSCs, and the side-chain isomerization could be an easy and convenient way to further improve the photovoltaic performance of the donor and acceptor materials for high efficiency PSCs.</P>
Shanshan Yang 한국증권학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.50 No.1
This study investigates whether and how China’s anti-corruption campaign, which was promulgated in 2012, reduces position-related consumption. It examines data from Chinese Ashare listed companies for the period 2010–2015 using a difference-in-differences research design and finds that state-owned enterprises are more likely to reclassify consumptive cash expenditure to less sensitive accounts by moving the expenditure as items for investing cash outflow after the campaign. This result is more pronounced when the chief executive officer has greater power or when corporate governance is weak. The study contributes to academia and practice by showing that an anti-corruption ban may have unintended consequences.
Yang, Yankang,Qiu, Beibei,Chen, Shanshan,Zhou, Qiuju,Peng, Ying,Zhang, Zhi-Guo,Yao, Jia,Luo, Zhenghui,Chen, Xiaofeng,Xue, Lingwei,Feng, Liuliu,Yang, Changduk,Li, Yongfang The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.6 No.20
<P>Solution-processed organic solar cells (OSCs) have been attracting more and more attention for a series of well-known advantages, and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of over 11% have been reported. However, the highest PCE of the OSCs based on small molecule donor/polymer acceptor blends is only 4.82%, which was much lower than those of other types of OSCs due to weak absorption of the polymer acceptor and the unbalanced charge carrier mobility of the small molecule donor and the polymer acceptor. Here, we fabricated small molecule donor/polymer acceptor-based OSCs using the wide bandgap SM1 and DR3TBDTT as the small molecular donor and the low-bandgap n-type conjugated polymer PZ1 as the polymer acceptor. With the treatment of a solvent additive, which can promote the absorption intensity, enhance the carrier mobility and suppress the charge carrier recombination, the SM1-based devices and the DR3TBDTT-based devices show PCEs of 3.97% and 5.86%, respectively. It is worth mentioning that the PCE of 5.86% is the state-of-the-art efficiency for OSCs based on the small molecular donor/polymer acceptor system.</P>
Gene expression profiles of skin from cyclin dependent kinases 5-knockdown mice
Yang Shanshan,Jiao Dingxing,Song Tao,Rui Ping,Fan Ruiwen,Ma Zengjun 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.4
Objective: This study aimed to identify genes regulated by cyclin dependent kinases 5 (CDK5) that participate in hair pigmentation in mice. Methods: The mRNA expression profiles of skin samples from CDK5-knockdown mice were constructed using high-throughput RNA sequencing and compared with those of wild-type mice. Results: In total, 8,002 known genes were differentially expressed between CDK5-knockdown and wild-type mice. Of these, 3,658 were upregulated and 4,344 were downregulated in the skin of CDK5-knockdown mice. An additional 318 previously unknown genes were also differentially expressed, with 171 downregulated and 147 upregulated genes in the skin of CDK5-knockdown mice. Of the known genes expressed in mouse skin, 80 were associated with hair color, with 61 showing lower expression and 19 exhibiting higher expression in skin of CDK5-knockdown mice. Importantly, the expression of the tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1) and the calcium signaling pathway were also found to be regulated by CDK5, suggesting that pigmentation is regulated by CDK5 via the calcium signaling pathway and TYRP1. Conclusion: The transcriptome profiles obtained from the skin of CDK5-knockdown mice compared to wild-type mice provide a valuable resource to help understand the mechanism by which CDK5 regulates melanogenesis in mice and other animals.
( Shanshan Wu ),( Guobing Hu ),( Li Yang ),( Bin Gu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.12
This study proposes an analytical approximation algorithm based on extreme value theory (EVT) for the inverse of the power of the incomplete Gamma function. First, the Gumbel function is used to approximate the power of the incomplete Gamma function, and the corresponding inverse problem is transformed into the inversion of an exponential function. Then, using the tail equivalence theorem, the normalized coefficient of the general Weibull distribution function is employed to replace the normalized coefficient of the random variable following a Gamma distribution, and the approximate closed form solution is obtained. The effects of equation parameters on the algorithm performance are evaluated through simulation analysis under various conditions, and the performance of this algorithm is compared to those of the Newton iterative algorithm and other existing approximate analytical algorithms. The proposed algorithm exhibits good approximation performance under appropriate parameter settings. Finally, the performance of this method is evaluated by calculating the thresholds of space-time block coding and space-frequency block coding pattern recognition in multiple-input and multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. The analytical approximation method can be applied to other related situations involving the maximum statistics of independent and identically distributed random variables following Gamma distributions.
Purification and Characterization of an Antioxidant Protein from Fertilized Eggs
Yang, Shaohua,Tang, Zhengjiang,Tang, ShanShan,Zhang, Tingfang,Tang, Fei,Wu, Yu,Wang, Ying,Wang, Lu Lu,Liu, Guoqing Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2016 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.36 No.6
Free radicals may attack cells or tissue, leading to chronic diseases, and antioxidant consumption is potentially useful for removing free radicals. Egg proteins may be used as potential sources of antioxidant considering their ability of scavenging free radicals to apply for food or cosmetics industry. In this study, we obtained a natural antioxidant protein from fertilized eggs, which was a dietary supplement in some Asian countries. Meanwhile, antioxidant activities of these proteins were evaluated using different oxidation systems. With increasing incubation time, the antioxidant activity of these proteins increased during 15 d of incubation. The samples on day 15 were performed for isolation of antioxidant protein. The protein, named P4-1 (MW, 45 kDa), was isolated and purified by consecutive chromatographic methods. P4-1 contained 17 amino acids, which was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and Amino Acid Analyzer. Moreover, the amino acid sequence was highly similar to that of ovalbumin. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the denaturation temperature of P4-1 was $57.16^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, P4-1 suggested high oxygen radical-absorbance activity in ${\cdot}OH$ assays, and its antioxidant activity was stable at $30-50^{\circ}C$ in acidic and neutral pH. Thus, these results revealed that P4-1 may be a potential resource as a natural antioxidant.