http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Liu, Shanshan,Wu, Di,Li, Lin,Sun, Xiao,Xie, Weidong,Li, Xia 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.8
1-oxoeudesm-11(13)-eno-$12,8{\alpha}$-lactone (OEL), a novel eudesmane-type sesquiterpene compound, has been shown to inhibit the growth of some cancer cell lines and induce significant apoptosis. Here, we investigated the anticancer activities of OEL in human lung cancer cells. Our studies demonstrated that OEL induced both apoptosis and autophagy in A549 and H460 cells. OEL-induced autophagy was assessed by appearance of autophagic vacuoles, formation of acidic vesicular organelles, conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, recruitment of LC3-II to the autophagosomes, and activation of autophagy genes. Furthermore, administration of autophagic inhibitor 3-methyladenine augments OEL-induced apoptotic cell death. The induction of autophagy and apoptosis by OEL links to NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interruption of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation by specific inhibitor promotes apoptosis, but decreases autophagy. ROS antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine) attenuated both OEL-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Further experiments confirmed that OEL-induced activation of ROS was increased by NF-${\kappa}B$ inhibitor whereas NF-${\kappa}B$ activation was not affected by ROS inhibition. These findings suggest that OEL-elicited autophagic response plays a protective role that impedes cell death, and inhibition of autophagy could be an adjunctive strategy for enhancing the chemotherapeutic effect of OEL as an antitumor agent.
Shanshan Liu,Di Wu,Lin Li,Xiao Sun,Wei-Dong Xie,Xia Li 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.8
1-oxoeudesm-11(13)-eno-12,8a-lactone (OEL),a novel eudesmane-type sesquiterpene compound, has beenshown to inhibit the growth of some cancer cell lines andinduce significant apoptosis. Here, we investigated the anticanceractivities of OEL in human lung cancer cells. Ourstudies demonstrated that OEL induced both apoptosis andautophagy in A549 and H460 cells. OEL-induced autophagywas assessed by appearance of autophagic vacuoles,formation of acidic vesicular organelles, conversion ofLC3-I to LC3-II, recruitment of LC3-II to the autophagosomes,and activation of autophagy genes. Furthermore,administration of autophagic inhibitor 3-methyladenineaugments OEL-induced apoptotic cell death. The inductionof autophagy and apoptosis by OEL links to NF-jB activationand the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interruption of NF-jB activation by specific inhibitor promotesapoptosis, but decreases autophagy. ROS antioxidants(N-acetylcysteine) attenuated both OEL-inducedautophagy and apoptosis. Further experiments confirmedthat OEL-induced activation of ROS was increased by NFjBinhibitor whereas NF-jB activation was not affected by ROS inhibition. These findings suggest that OEL-elicitedautophagic response plays a protective role that impedescell death, and inhibition of autophagy could be anadjunctive strategy for enhancing the chemotherapeuticeffect of OEL as an antitumor agent.
예능프로그램 출연자에 대한 감정적 평가에 미치는 영향과 중국인에 대한 평가의 관계
유산산 ( Shanshan Liu ),전종우 ( Jong Woo Jun ) 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2020 문화와 세계 Vol.1 No.1
본 연구는 한국인들에게 비추어진 중국 유명인에 대한 인식이 중국인과 중국 국가 지도자인 시진핑에 영향을 미칠 것으로 가설화하여 연구를 진행하였다. 구체적으로 <동상이몽-너는 내 운명>이라는 프로그램의 친숙도가 해당 프로그램에 출연한 중국 배우 우효광에 대한 감정적 반응에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 또한 우효광에 대한 감정적 반응이 중국인에 대한 긍정적 인식과 부정적 인식에 미치는 영향성과 중국 국가주석 시진핑에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 검증해 보았다. 마지막으로, 중국인에 대한 긍정적 및 부정적 인식이 중국 국가 주석 시진핑에 대한 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 연구결과, 먼저 프로그램의 친숙도는 우효광에 대한 감정적 반응에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 우효광 개인에 대한 감정적 평가는 중국 국가 주석 시진핑의 공신력에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 우효광에 대한 감정적 반응은 중국인에 대한 긍정적인 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며 중국인에 대한 긍정적인 태도는 시진핑의 공신력에 대한 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. In this study, the perception of Chinese celebrities in the light of the Korean people was influenced by the Chinese and the Chinese state leader. Specifically, I want to investigate the influence of the familiarity of the program, "You Are My Destiny", on the emotional response to the Chinese actor, Woo Hyo-kwang, who appeared in the program. In addition, we examined how the emotional response to Woo Hyo-kwang affects positive perceptions and negative perceptions of Chinese, and how they affect President of China-Xi Jinping . Finally, we examined the effect of positive and negative perceptions of Chinese on the President of China. As a result of the study, the familiarity of the program was exposed to the positive effect on the emotional response to Woo Hyo-kwang, the emotional evaluation of Woo Hyo Kwang's individual was confirmed to have a statistically significant impact on the public credibility of the President of China Xi Jinping. In addition, emotional variables for Woo hyo-kwang can have a positive impact on positive attitudes toward Chinese people, and positive attitudes toward Chinese people have a positive impact on the public credibility of Xi Jinping.
A modified method to emergetic ecological footprint and its application
Shanshan Tai,Yuanman Hu,Mial Liu,Weidong Zhang,Wei Wang 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2009 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10
The ecological footprint created by Wackernagel and Rees is a largely heuristic tool for evaluation the sustainability of a system and has been applied widely in economic and ecological researches. The emergetic ecological footprint indicator which created by Zhao et al. was based on emergy analysis created by Odum H.T. through combining emergy analysis into ecological footprint. It was used for evaluating sustainability of an ecosystem through flow. The aim of this paper is to show a modified form of emergetic ecological footprint by using yields of regional biological resources to substitute biological resources consumptions. To demonstrate the mechanics of this new method, we compared our calculation with the calculations of conventional ecological footprint and emergetic ecological footprint of a regional case. We select Dalian city of Liaoning province in northeast China, as an example for application of our study, and calculate ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity, ecological overshoot, ecological footprint intensity index and ecological overshoot index. In this case the same conclusions were drawn using all methods: dalian city an ecological overshoot.
Shanshan Xia,Wanqin Jin,Wang Wei,Gongping Liu,Xueliang Dong 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.2
In further purification of ethyl acetate (EAC) process, azeotropic distillation or extractive distillation is usually applied. High energy consumption limits the economic profit of the process. In this study, pervaporation separation of EAC/ethanol (EA)/water ternary mixtures using the ceramic-supported polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite membrane was investigated to substitute the azeotropic distillation or extractive distillation. Swelling experiments were performed to evaluate the sorption characteristic of the membrane. Flory-Huggins theory was applied to study the interaction between the membrane and the penetrant. The UNIFAC model was adopted to investigate the variation of the penetrant activity in the membrane. The effects of operation temperature, feed water content and feed flow rate on the PV performance of the membrane were systematically investigated. The composite membrane exhibited high PV performance with the total flux of 2.1 kg·m−2·h−1 and 94.9 wt% permeate concentration of water (operation condition:feed composition 82.6 wt% EAC, 8.4 wt% EA, 9 wt% water, feed temperature 60 oC, feed flow rate 252 mL·min−1). The PV performance of the membrane varied slightly over a continuous PV experiment period of 110 h. Our results demonstrated that the PVA/ceramic membrane was a potential candidate for the purification of EAC/EA/water ternary mixtures.