Combining Timber Production and Wood Processing for Increasing Forestry Income: A Case Study of 6th Industrialization in Korean Forestry

Won, Hyun Kyu,Jeon, Hyon Sun,Han, Hee,Lee, Seung Jung,Jung, Byung Heon Institute of Forest Science 2017 Journal of Forest Science Vol.33 No.4

This study was aimed to analyze the increased forestry incomes by combining timber production and wood processing, which is one of 6th industrialization types in Korean forestry. The selected household has been engaged in forestry for two generations and they produce timber and associated wood products in their own facility. The wood products include dimension lumber, interior wood material, cutting board, and cube chips, the household also utilize logging and sawmill residues as well as seed and seedlings as by-products. Incomes and expenses that have been incurred on individual processes of the sequential timber production and wood processing were surveyed, and we analyzed the economic outcomes of entire business. The results of this study indicate that the gross income of the household is 122.3 million Korean won and the net income is 93.6 million Korean won. The net income of the household is approximately 2.8 times higher than the average net income of whole households in the forestry of Korea in 2016, which is approximately 4.3 times higher than that of households that have been particularly engaged in timber production over the country. We found that the 6th industrialization by combining the two sequential processes creates approximately 3.2 times as much added value compared to the case relying on timber production only.

Combining Timber Production and Wood Processing for Increasing Forestry Income : A Case Study of 6th Industrialization in Korean Forestry

Hyun Kyu Won,Hyon Sun Jeon,Hee Han,Seung Jung Lee,Byung Heon Jung 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2017 Journal of Forest Science Vol.33 No.4

This study was aimed to analyze the increased forestry incomes by combining timber production and wood processing, which is one of 6th industrialization types in Korean forestry. The selected household has been engaged in forestry for two generations and they produce timber and associated wood products in their own facility. The wood products include dimension lumber, interior wood material, cutting board, and cube chips, the household also utilize logging and sawmill residues as well as seed and seedlings as by-products. Incomes and expenses that have been incurred on individual processes of the sequential timber production and wood processing were surveyed, and we analyzed the economic outcomes of entire business. The results of this study indicate that the gross income of the household is 122.3 million Korean won and the net income is 93.6 million Korean won. The net income of the household is approximately 2.8 times higher than the average net income of whole households in the forestry of Korea in 2016, which is approximately 4.3 times higher than that of households that have been particularly engaged in timber production over the country. We found that the 6th industrialization by combining the two sequential processes creates approximately 3.2 times as much added value compared to the case relying on timber production only.

국내·외 누설률에 관한 기준 분석을 통한 국내 연기제어 기준 개선에 관한 연구

김혜원 ( Kim Hye-won ),한지우 ( Han Ji-woo ),이병흔 ( Lee Byeong-heun ),진승현 ( Jin Seung-hyeon ),권영진 ( Kwon Young-jin ) 한국건축시공학회 2018 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.18 No.2

On this Study, it conducts the Standards investigation about air leakage of Buildings for performance improvement of Smoke control in Fire. In domestic standards, it is incomplete the Criteria standards of air leakage. Therefore it is considered that won’t limit the smoke spread due to stack effect. But in the case of the United States, it conducts the Hot smoke air-Leakage test and it consider that can prevent the Smoke Spread in Compartment.

건조방법에 따른 하수슬러지 건조속도 비교 및 경제성 평가

박성훈 ( Seong-hun Park ),김한석 ( Han-seok Kim ),이승원 ( Seung-won Lee ) 한국환경기술학회 2021 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.22 No.3

In this study investigated the effect of the chemical injection ratio on the drying rate of sewage sludge. Then the economic efficiency was evaluated by comparing the results of the NIR(near infrared ray) and microwave drying rate test. The near infrared ray device showed drying speed of 31.9 %, 28.1 %, and 27.1 % at polymer dose ratio of 8 %, 10 %, and 12 %, respectively. Compared to 8 % polymer dose ratio, polymer dose ratio of 10 % and 12 % showed differences of 8.0 % and 13.6 % respectively, suggesting that drying efficiency decreased as polymer dose ratio increased. The microwave device showed drying speed of 26.2 %, 24.3 %, 21.3 % at polymer dose ratio of 8 %, 10 %, and 12 %, respectively. Compared to 8 % polymer dose ratio, polymer dose ratio of 10 % and 12 % showed differences of 5.2 % and 13.4 % respectively, suggesting that drying efficiency decreased as polymer dose ratio increased. Drying evaluation estimated the treatment cost of near infrared ray device at optimal dose ratio(6 %) was 35,591 won/ton while that of actual dose ratio(8 %) was 38,928 won/ton. Drying evaluation estimated treatment cost of microwave device at optimal polymer dose ratio(6 %) and at 8 % to be 16,683 won/ton and 18,352 won/ton, respectively.

HCV, Alcoholic : O-022 ; Hepatitis C virus infection enhances tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell death via suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB

( Won Seok Kang ),( Jun Seong Park ),( Seung Wook Ryu ),( Woo Il Kim ),( Dong Yeop Chang ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Do Youn Park ),( Youn Hee Choi ),( Kyung Sun Choi ),( Kwang Hyub Han ),( Chul Hee Choi ),( 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection results in liver injury and long-term complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver injury in HCV infection is believed to be caused by host immune responses, not by viral cytopathic effects. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory processes of hepatitis C. TNF-α induces cell death that can be ameliorated by nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) activation. We investigated the regulation of TNF-α signal transduction in HCV-infected cells and identified HCV proteins responsible for sensitization to TNF-α-induced cell death. Methods: We studied the effect of HCV infection on TNF-α signal transduction using an in vitro HCV infection model (JFH-1, genotype 2a) with Huh-7 and Huh-7.5 cells. Results: We found that TNF-α-induced cell death significantly increased in HCV-infected cells. HCV infection diminished TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of IKK and IκB, which are upstream regulators of NF-κB activation. HCV infection also inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB and expression of NF-κB-dependent anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-xL, XIAP and c-FLIPL. Decreased levels of Bcl-xL, XIAP, and c-FLIP mRNA and protein were also observed in livers with chronic hepatitis C. Transfection with plasmids encoding each HCV protein revealed that core, NS4B, and NS5B attenuated TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and enhanced TNF-α-induced cell death. Conclusions: HCV infection enhances TNF-α-induced cell death by suppressing NF-κB activation, through the action of core, NS4B, and NS5B. This mechanism may contribute to immune-mediated liver injury in HCV infection.

Coexistence of Radiation-Induced Meningioma and Moyamoya Syndrome 10 Years after Irradiation against Medulloblastoma: a Case Report

Han, Ji Yeon,Choi, Jung Won,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Phi, Ji Hoon,Lee, Ji Yeoun,Chae, Jong-Hee,Park, Sung-Hye,Cheon, Jung-Eun,Kim, Seung-Ki KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.32 No.11

<P>Radiotherapy is one of the standard treatments for medulloblastoma. However, therapeutic central nervous system irradiation in children may carry delayed side effects, such as radiation-induced tumor and vasculopathy. Here, we report the first case of coexisting meningioma and moyamoya syndrome, presenting 10 years after radiotherapy for medulloblastoma. A 13-year-old boy presented with an enhancing mass at the cerebral falx on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after surgery, radiotherapy (30.6 Gy craniospinal axis, 19.8 Gy posterior fossa) and chemotherapy against medulloblastoma 10 years ago, previously. The second tumor was meningioma. On postoperative day 5, he complained of right-sided motor weakness, motor dysphasia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. MRI revealed acute cerebral infarction in the left frontal lobe and both basal ganglia. MR and cerebral angiography confirmed underlying moyamoya syndrome. Four months after the meningioma surgery, the patient presented with headaches, dysarthria, and dizziness. Indirect bypass surgery was performed. He has been free from headaches since one month after the surgery. For patients who received radiotherapy for medulloblastoma at a young age, clinicians should consider the possibility of the coexistence of several complications. Careful follow up for development of secondary tumor and delayed vasculopathy is required.</P>

Topographic relationship between the medial intermuscular septum and the ulnar nerve in the upper arm

Won, Hyung-Sun,Han, Seung-Ho,Oh, Chang-Seok,Chung, In-Hyuk,Kim, Seung Min,Lim, So Young Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group 2011 Journal of Neurosurgery Vol.114 No.6

<B>Object</B><P>The authors have observed that the ulnar nerve (UN) passes through the medial intermuscular septum (MIMS) into the posterior compartment of the upper arm in more complicated patterns than those described in anatomy textbooks. Given that these unreported patterns might be related to the idiopathic UN entrapment at the midarm, this study focused on the relationship between the MIMS and the UN.</P><B>Methods</B><P>One hundred upper arms were dissected. The site at which the UN pierced the MIMS was analyzed and measured from the medial epicondyle.</P><B>Results</B><P>The relationship between the MIMS and the UN could be classified into 3 types according to whether the nerve pierced the MIMS and whether it ran through a fibrous tunnel within the septum. The UN pierced the MIMS in the middle third of the upper arm.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>The results of this study are expected to further understanding of the relationship between the MIMS and the UN. They could also be helpful for surgeons aiming to relieve UN entrapment at the midarm, especially in nerve lesions of idiopathic origin.</P>

RNA editing in <i>RHOQ</i> promotes invasion potential in colorectal cancer

Han, Sae-Won,Kim, Hwang-Phill,Shin, Jong-Yeon,Jeong, Eun-Goo,Lee, Won-Chul,Kim, Keon Young,Park, Sang Youn,Lee, Dae-Won,Won, Jae-Kyung,Jeong, Seung-Yong,Park, Kyu Joo,Park, Jae-Gahb,Kang, Gyeong Hoon The Rockefeller University Press 2014 The Journal of experimental medicine Vol.211 No.4

<P>RNA editing can increase RNA sequence variation without altering the DNA sequence. By comparing whole-genome and transcriptome sequence data of a rectal cancer, we found novel tumor-associated increase of RNA editing in <I>ras homologue family member Q</I> (<I>RHOQ</I>) transcripts. The adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing results in substitution of asparagine with serine at residue 136. We observed a higher level of the <I>RHOQ</I> RNA editing in tumor compared with normal tissue in colorectal cancer (CRC). The degree of RNA editing was associated with RhoQ protein activity in CRC cancer cell lines. RhoQ N136S amino acid substitution increased RhoQ activity, actin cytoskeletal reorganization, and invasion potential. <I>KRAS</I> mutation further increased the invasion potential of RhoQ N136S in vitro. Among CRC patients, recurrence was more frequently observed in patients with tumors having edited <I>RHOQ</I> transcripts and mutations in the <I>KRAS</I> gene. In summary, we show that RNA editing is another mechanism of sequence alteration that contributes to CRC progression.</P>

Triplet Exciton Confinement for Enhanced Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using a Co-host System

Han Kyu Yoo,Ho Won Lee,Song Eun Lee,Young Kwan Kim,Se Hyun Kim,Seung Soo Yoon,Jaehoon Park 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.10

In this work, the co-host system within an emitting layer (EML) consists of the host and triplet managing (TM) host materials. A set of EML structures was fabricated with various concentrations of the TM host (0, 10, 30, 50, and 70%). The TM host triplet energy level is lower than the energy levels of the host and the guest, which leads to a reduction in the triplet exciton density and the singlet-triplet annihilation of the guest. Blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes exhibit a maximum luminous efficiency (LE) and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.74 cd/A and 4.92%, respectively. In addition, the efficiency roll-off ratios of the LE and the EQE are 14.25 and 13.16%, respectively.

HCC : O-018 ; Prognostic significance of preoperative peripheral blood monocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

( Seung Duk Lee ),( Seong Hoon Kim ),( Young Kyu Kim ),( Sung Sik Han ),( Sang Jae Park ),( Bo Hyun Kim ),( Joong Won Park ),( Chang Min Kim ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Objective: The prognostic significance of the leukocyte subsets in peripheral blood including especially the monocyte ratio in patients with HCC who underwent curative hepatic resection was investigated. Background: Leukocyte subsets in peripheral blood, which include neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, have not been well-established as prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent curative hepatic resection for HCC at the National Cancer Center, Republic of Korea, from April 2001 to December 2008 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Clinicopathologic factors, cancer-specific survival, and disease-free survival were analyzed with respect to preoperative lymphocyte subsets, especially the monocyte ratio. Prognostic factors were also analyzed including lymphocyte subsets. Results: The 603 patients had a median follow-up of 40.0 months and a 5-year overall survival rate of 67.7%. In univariate analysis of cancer-specific and disease-free survivals, preoperative lymphocyte ratio ≤ 35% and monocyte ratio > 7% were significantly poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, preoperative monocyte ratio > 7%, satellite nodule, and microvascular invasion were independent risk factors for cancerspecific survival and disease-free survivals (hazard ratio of monocyte ratio > 7% : 1.77, p = 0.02 and 1.57, p = 0.006, respectively). Considering the monocyte ratio with preoperative α -fetoprotein level, patients with both abnormal α-fetoprotein level (> 12 ng/mL) and monocyte ratio > 7% showed significantly worse cancer-specific and disease-free survivals than other groups (p < 0.001). The cirrhotic patients with monocyte ratio > 7% showed significantly poor cancer-specific and disease-free survivals compared to the noncirrhotic patients (p = 0.033 and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: The preoperative monocyte ratio > 7% of peripheral blood is an independent risk factor for cancer-specific and disease-free survivals after hepatic resection for HCC. The preoperative monocyte ratio might be considered as a novel biomarker for HCC.