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Spectrum shaping for backscatter modulation
Santosh Nagaraj 한국통신학회 2017 ICT Express Vol.3 No.1
In this letter, we demonstrate a technique for spectrum-shaping in backscatter modulation-based communication systems. With backscatter modulation, data bits are transmitted by switching the load impedance connected to the antenna. In traditional communication systems, filters are used to perform the task of shaping the pulse or the spectrum. Since most backscatter modulation radios operate on power harvested from a reader’s RF signal, filtering may not be suitable. In this letter, we show a simple spectrum shaping technique that is based on switching three loads, instead of the usual two, to transmit a bit. We demonstrate two well known shaping techniques using only load switching. The advantages of shaping the spectrum are (i) lower complexity and power consumption at the receiver and (ii) lower bit error probability for a given signal to noise ratio.
Nagaraj M. Kulkarni,Milind M. Muley,Mallikarjun S. Jaji,G. Vijaykanth,J. Raghul,Neetin Kumar D. Reddy,Santosh L. Vishwakarma,Navin B. Rajesh,Jeyamurugan Mookkan,Uma Maheswari Krishnan,Shridhar Narayan 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.6
Atorvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme-A reductase inhibitor used in the treatment ofatherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Studies have evaluatedthe utility of statins in the treatment of skin inflammationbut with varied results. In the present study, we investigatedthe effect of atorvastatin on TNF-a release andkeratinocyte proliferation in vitro and in acute and chronic12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced skininflammation in vivo. Atorvastatin significantly inhibitedlipopolysacharide induced TNF-a release in THP-1 cellsand keratinocyte proliferation in HaCaT cells. In an acutestudy, topical atorvastatin showed dose dependent reductionin TPA induced skin inflammation with highest efficacyobserved at 500 lg/ear dose. In chronic study, topicalatorvastatin significantly reduced TPA induced ear thickness,ear weight, cutaneous cytokines, MPO activity andimproved histopathological features comparable to that ofdexamethasone. Atorvastatin also inhibited TPA stimulatedNF-jB activation in mouse ear. In conclusion, our resultssuggest that atorvastatin ameliorates TPA induced skininflammation in mice at least in part, due to inhibition ofcytokine release and NF-jB activation and may be beneficialfor the treatment skin inflammation like psoriasis.
Dynamic Cell Reconfiguration Framework for Energy Conservation in Cellular Wireless Networks
손규호,Ranjini Guruprasad,Santosh Nagaraj,Mahasweta Sarkar,Sujit Dey 한국통신학회 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.4
Several energy saving techniques in cellular wireless networkssuch as active base station (BS) selection, transmit powerbudget adaptation and user association have been studied independentlyor only part of these aspects have been considered togetherin literature. In this paper, we jointly tackle these three problemsand propose an integrated framework, called dynamic cell recon-figuration (DCR). It manages three techniques operating on differenttime scales for ultimate energy conservation while guaranteeingthe quality of service (QoS) level of users. Extensive simulationsunder various configurations, including the real dataset ofBS topology and utilization, demonstrate that the proposed DCRcan achieve the performance close to an optimal exhaustive search. Compared to the conventional static scheme where all BSs are alwaysturned on with their maximum transmit powers, DCR cansignificantly reduce energy consumption, e.g., more than 30% and50% savings in uniform and non-uniform traffic distribution, respectively.
Non-iterative Bit Loading Algorithm for OFDM in Independent and Correlated fading
Manry, John W.,Nagaraj, Santosh Korea Information Processing Society 2014 Journal of information processing systems Vol.10 No.2
This paper will focus on improving the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in Rayleigh fading environments. The proposed technique will use a previously published method that has been shown to improve OFDM performance in independent fading, based on ordered sub-carrier selection. Then, a simple non-iterative method for finding the optimal bit-loading allocation was proposed. It was also based on ordered sub-carrier selection. We compared both of these algorithms to an optimal bit-loading solution to determine their effectiveness in a correlated fading environment. The correlated fading was simulated using the JTC channel models. Our intent was not to create an optimal solution, but to create a low complexity solution that can be used in a wireless environment in which the channel conditions change rapidly and that require a simple algorithm for fast bit loading.
Non-iterative Bit Loading Algorithm for OFDM in Independent and Correlated fading
( John W Manry ),( Santosh Nagaraj ) 한국정보처리학회 2014 Journal of information processing systems Vol.10 No.2
This paper will focus on improving the performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in Rayleigh fading environments. The proposed technique will use a previously published method that has been shown to improve OFDM performance in independent fading, based on ordered sub-carrier selection. Then, a simple non-iterative method for finding the optimal bit-loading allocation was proposed. It was also based on ordered sub-carrier selection. We compared both of these algorithms to an optimal bit-loading solution to determine their effectiveness in a correlated fading environment. The correlated fading was simulated using the JTC channel models. Our intent was not to create an optimal solution, but to create a low complexity solution that can be used in a wireless environment in which the channel conditions change rapidly and that require a simple algorithm for fast bit loading.
Dynamic Cell Reconfiguration Framework for Energy Conservation in Cellular Wireless Networks
Son, Kyuho,Guruprasad, Ranjini,Nagaraj, Santosh,Sarkar, Mahasweta,Dey, Sujit The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.4
Several energy saving techniques in cellular wireless networks such as active base station (BS) selection, transmit power budget adaptation and user association have been studied independently or only part of these aspects have been considered together in literature. In this paper, we jointly tackle these three problems and propose an integrated framework, called dynamic cell reconfiguration (DCR). It manages three techniques operating on different time scales for ultimate energy conservation while guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) level of users. Extensive simulations under various configurations, including the real dataset of BS topology and utilization, demonstrate that the proposed DCR can achieve the performance close to an optimal exhaustive search. Compared to the conventional static scheme where all BSs are always turned on with their maximum transmit powers, DCR can significantly reduce energy consumption, e.g., more than 30% and 50% savings in uniform and non-uniform traffic distribution, respectively.
Novel Spectrally Efficient UWB Pulses Using Zinc and Frequency-Domain Walsh Basis Functions
Praveen Chaurasiya,Ashkan Ashrafi,Santosh Nagaraj 한국전자통신연구원 2013 ETRI Journal Vol.35 No.3
In this paper, two sets of spectrally efficient ultrawideband (UWB) pulses using zinc and frequency-domain Walsh basis functions are proposed. These signals comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations for UWB indoor communications within the stipulated bandwidth of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. They also demonstrate high energy spectral efficiency by conforming more closely to the FCC mask than other UWB signals described in the literature. The performance of these pulses under various modulation techniques is discussed in this paper, and the proposed pulses are compared with Gaussian monocycles in terms of spectral efficiency, autocorrelation, crosscorrelation, and bit error rate performance.