Color discrepancy of single-shade composites at different distances from the interface measured using cell phone images

Santana Márcia Luciana Carregosa,Livi Gabriella de Jesus Santos,Faria-e-Silva André Luis 대한치과보존학회 2024 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.49 No.1

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substrate color and interface distance on the color adjustment of 2 single-shade composites, Vittra APS Unique and Charisma Diamond One. Materials and Methods Dual disc-shaped specimens were created using Vittra APS Unique or Charisma Diamond One as the center composite, surrounded by shaded composites (A1 or A3). Color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer against a gray background, recording the color coordinates in the CIELAB color space. Illumination with a light-correcting device and image acquisition using a polarizing filter-equipped cell phone were performed on specimens over the same background. Image processing software was used to measure the color coordinates in the center and periphery of the inner composite and in the outer composite. The color data were then converted to CIELAB coordinates and adjusted using data from the spectrophotometer. Color differences (ΔE00) between the center/periphery of single-shade and outer composites were calculated, along with color changes in single-shade composites caused by different outer composites. Color differences for the inner composites surrounded by A1 and A3 were also calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results The results showed that color discrepancies were lowest near the interface and when the outer composite was whiter (A1). Additionally, Charisma Diamond One exhibited better color adjustment ability than Vittra APS Unique. Conclusions Color discrepancies between the investigated single-shade composites diminished towards the interface with the surrounding composite, particularly when the latter exhibited a lighter shade. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substrate color and interface distance on the color adjustment of 2 single-shade composites, Vittra APS Unique and Charisma Diamond One. Materials and Methods Dual disc-shaped specimens were created using Vittra APS Unique or Charisma Diamond One as the center composite, surrounded by shaded composites (A1 or A3). Color measurements were taken with a spectrophotometer against a gray background, recording the color coordinates in the CIELAB color space. Illumination with a light-correcting device and image acquisition using a polarizing filter-equipped cell phone were performed on specimens over the same background. Image processing software was used to measure the color coordinates in the center and periphery of the inner composite and in the outer composite. The color data were then converted to CIELAB coordinates and adjusted using data from the spectrophotometer. Color differences (ΔE00) between the center/periphery of single-shade and outer composites were calculated, along with color changes in single-shade composites caused by different outer composites. Color differences for the inner composites surrounded by A1 and A3 were also calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results The results showed that color discrepancies were lowest near the interface and when the outer composite was whiter (A1). Additionally, Charisma Diamond One exhibited better color adjustment ability than Vittra APS Unique. Conclusions Color discrepancies between the investigated single-shade composites diminished towards the interface with the surrounding composite, particularly when the latter exhibited a lighter shade.

Nutritional efficiency of feed restricted F1 Holstein/Zebu cows during the middle third of lactation

Santana, Pedro Felipe,Junior, Vicente Ribeiro Rocha,Ruas, Jose Reinaldo Mendes,Moncao, Flavio Pinto,Borges, Luana Alcantara,Sousa, Thais Eleonora Santos,Silva, Fredson Vieira e,Rabelo, Walber de Olive Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of quantitative feed restriction on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, efficiency and feeding behavior, and productive performance in F1 Holstein/Zebu cows during the middle third of their lactation. Methods: Sixty F1 Holstein/Zebu cows with 111.5±11.75 days of lactation and an initial body weight (BW) of 499±30 kg (mean±standard error of the mean) were used. The experimental design was completely randomized with the following diet levels of feed restriction: 3.39%, 2.75%, 2.50%, 2.25%, and 2.00% of BW, with 12 replications for each level. The experiment lasted for 63 days, of which each period lasted 21 days with the first 16 days for diet adaptation followed by 5 days for collection of data and samples. Results: For each 1% of BW diet restriction, there was a decrease in dry matter intake of 5.26 kg/d (p<0.01). There was no difference in daily milk production (p = 0.09) under the restriction levels of 3.39% to 2.0% of BW. When corrected for 3.5% fat, milk production declined (p = 0.05) 3.46 kg/d for each percentage unit of feed restriction. Conclusion: Restricting the feed supply for F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in the middle third of their lactation period altered nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and ingestive behavior but did not affect milk production or feed efficiency. However, considering the observed BW loss and decrease in milk production corrected for 3.5% fat, restriction of no less than 2.5% BW is recommended.

A computationally simplistic poly-phasic approach to explore microbial communities from the Yucatan aquifer as a potential sources of novel natural products

Marfil-Santana Miguel David,O’Connor-Sánchez Aileen,Ramírez-Prado Jorge Humberto,De los Santos-Briones Cesar,López-Aguiar,Lluvia Korynthia,Rojas-Herrera Rafael,Lago-Lestón Asunción,Prieto-Davó Alejand 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.11

The need for new antibiotics has sparked a search for the microbes that might potentially produce them. Current sequencing technologies allow us to explore the biotechnological potential of microbial communities in diverse environments without the need for cultivation, benefitting natural product discovery in diverse ways. A relatively recent method to search for the possible production of novel compounds includes studying the diverse genes belonging to polyketide synthase pathways (PKS), as these complex enzymes are an important source of novel therapeutics. In order to explore the biotechnological potential of the microbial community from the largest underground aquifer in the world located in the Yucatan, we used a polyphasic approach in which a simple, non-computationally intensive method was coupled with direct amplification of environmental DNA to assess the diversity and novelty of PKS type I ketosynthase (KS) domains. Our results suggest that the bioinformatic method proposed can indeed be used to assess the novelty of KS enzymes; nevertheless, this in silico study did not identify some of the KS diversity due to primer bias and stringency criteria outlined by the metagenomics pipeline. Therefore, additionally implementing a method involving the direct cloning of KS domains enhanced our results. Compared to other freshwater environments, the aquifer was characterized by considerably less diversity in relation to known ketosynthase domains; however, the metagenome included a family of KS type I domains phylogenetically related, but not identical, to those found in the curamycin pathway, as well as an outstanding number of thiolases. Over all, this first look into the microbial community found in this large Yucatan aquifer and other fresh water free living microbial communities highlights the potential of these previously overlooked environments as a source of novel natural products.

Modeling and simulation of breakthrough curves during purification of two chitosanases from Metarhizium anisopliae using ion-exchange with expanded bed adsorption chromatography

Sergio Carvalho de Santana,Everaldo Silvino dos Santos,Raimundo Cosme da Silva Filho,Jorge dos Santos Cavalcanti,Jackson Araujo de Oliveira,Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo,Francine Ferreira Padilha 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.4

A mathematical model was developed to predict breakthrough curves during purification of the two chitosanasesfrom Metarhizium anisopliae by expanded bed adsorption, taking into account the axial dispersion of liquid andusing Streamline DEAE and SP XL adsorbents, anion and cation exchange resins, respectively. All the experimentswere performed without clarification (with cells) aiming at the reduction of unit operations in future projects of separationprocesses, thereby reducing capital and operating costs. Chitosanases are enzymes that hydrolyze the carbohydratechitosan, resulting in oligosaccharides that have many remarkable biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-HIVand antioxidant activities. The two adsorbents had similar performance in relation to hydrodynamics and mass transfer. The results of the parametric sensitivity analysis agree with the literature, and the model was validated with an averagehigh degree of fit (94.68%) between simulated and experimental data obtained in this work.

Modeling and simulation of Bacillus cereus chitosanase activity during purification using expanded bed chromatography

Everaldo Silvino dos Santos,Carlos Eduardo de Araújo Padilha,Nathália Kelly de Araújo,Domingos Fabiano de Santana Souza,Jackson Araújo de Oliveira,Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.9

A phenomenological model was used to describe sequentially the three steps (flowthrough, washing and elution) of expanded bed adsorption chromatography for recovery of chitosanases from Bacillus cereus. Additionally, a hybrid strategy for model parameter estimation was carried out using particle swarm optimization and Gauss-Newton algorithms. The model was validated with independent experimental data and the statistical criteria (χ 2 and mean squared error tests) showed that the hybrid strategy was more promising than just the heuristic method. With the calibrated model, surface response methodology was applied to obtain the optimal operational conditions, and experiments were performed to confirm these results. Overall, a value of 41.08% for yield was obtained using 700mM NaCl during elution. In summary, all approach employed in this work was relevant for maximizing the yield of the chromatographic process.

A novel radioactive particle tracking algorithm based on deep rectifier neural network

Dam, Roos Sophia de Freitas,dos Santos, Marcelo Carvalho,do Desterro, Filipe Santana Moreira,Salgado, William Luna,Schirru, Roberto,Salgado, Cesar Marques Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.7

Radioactive particle tracking (RPT) is a minimally invasive nuclear technique that tracks a radioactive particle inside a volume of interest by means of a mathematical location algorithm. During the past decades, many algorithms have been developed including ones based on artificial intelligence techniques. In this study, RPT technique is applied in a simulated test section that employs a simplified mixer filled with concrete, six scintillator detectors and a¹³⁷Cs radioactive particle emitting gamma rays of 662 keV. The test section was developed using MCNPX code, which is a mathematical code based on Monte Carlo simulation, and 3516 different radioactive particle positions (x,y,z) were simulated. Novelty of this paper is the use of a location algorithm based on a deep learning model, more specifically a 6-layers deep rectifier neural network (DRNN), in which hyperparameters were defined using a Bayesian optimization method. DRNN is a type of deep feedforward neural network that substitutes the usual sigmoid based activation functions, traditionally used in vanilla Multilayer Perceptron Networks, for rectified activation functions. Results show the great accuracy of the DRNN in a RPT tracking system. Root mean squared error for x, y and coordinates of the radioactive particle is, respectively, 0.03064, 0.02523 and 0.07653.

High-Protein Diet Associated with Bocaiuva Supplementation Decreases Body Fat and Improves Glucose Tolerance in Resistance-Trained Rats

Jeeser A. Almeida,Hugo Alexandre P. Santana,Daisy Motta-Santos,Murilo E. Nogueira,Keemilyn Karla S. Silva,Hamilton Miotto,Claudia S. Medeiros,Christianne C. Faria-Ravagnani,Fabrıcio A. Voltarelli,Rita 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.3

High-protein diets (HPDs) are widely used for health and performance. However, the combination of whey protein and natural foods (i.e., fruits) is still unclear. Thus, we evaluated the role of supplemental HPD with Bocaiuva (Acrocomia sp.) in metabolic and body composition parameters of rats submitted to resistance training (RT). Wistar rats (203.3 ± 30 g) were randomly allocated to five groups: normoproteic control (CON, n = 5), sedentary high-protein (SH, n = 5), RT + H (trained high-protein [TH], n = 5), sedentary+Bocaiuva (SH+B, n = 4), and RT+Bocaiuva (TH+B, n = 4) diet groups. After 12 weeks of RT, the maximal strength increased in both trained groups (P < .05). The TH + B group had lower values of adiposity index (AI) (3.8 ± 0.7% vs. 6.8 ± 1.3%) and visceral fat (0.038 ± 0.004 g/g vs. 0.067 ± 0.012 g/g) compared with the SH group, respectively (P < .05). The other groups did not show differences in values of AI (CON, 5.4 ± 1.6%, TH, 5.4 ± 1.3%, and SH+B, 5.5 ± 1.2%). In addition, the fasting glucose of trained groups (TH, 106.0 ± 4.5, and TH+B, 100.4 ± 13.5 dL/mg) was significantly lower when compared with controls (SH, 120.0 ± 14.4, and SH+B, 119 ± 6.4 dL/mg) (P < .05). Bocaiuva combined with an HPD reduced visceral fat and AI in addition to improving glucose tolerance of rats submitted to RT.

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma-related hyperammonemic encephalopathy: Up to now and next steps

Rodrigo Cañada Trofo Surjan,Elizabeth Santana dos Santos,Sergio do Prado Silveira,Fabio Ferrari Makdissi,Marcel Autran Cesar Machado 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.2

Hepatoprotective Effect of Essential Oils from Hyptis crenata in Sepsis-Induced Liver Dysfunction

Glauber Cruz Lima,Yuri de Abreu Gomes Vasconcelos,Marilia Trindade de Santana Souza,Alan Santos Oliveira,Rangel Rodrigues Bomfim,Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Junior,Enilton Aparecido Camargo 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Journal of medicinal food Vol.21 No.7

No specific therapeutics are available for the treatment of sepsis-induced liver dysfunction, a clinical complication strongly associated with the high mortality rate of septic patients. This study investigated the effect of the essential oil of Hyptis crenata (EOHc), a lamiaceae plant used to treat liver disturbances in Brazilian folk medicine, on liver function during early sepsis. Sepsis was induced by the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Rats were divided into four groups: Sham, Sham+EOHc, CLP, and CLP+EOHc. EOHc (300 mg/kg) was orally administered 12 and 24 h after surgery. The animals were sacrificed for blood collection and liver tissue samples 48 h after surgery. Hepatic function was evaluated by measuring serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. The levels of malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and GSH peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured for assessment of oxidative stress. Liver morphology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. EOHc normalized serum ALP, ALT, and bilirubin levels and inhibited morphological changes. In addition, we observed that EOHc inhibited elevation in hepatic lipid peroxidation and reduction of the glutathione peroxidase activity induced by sepsis. Our data show that EOHc plays a protective effect against liver injury induced by sepsis.

Mesenchymal glioma stem cells are maintained by activated glycolytic metabolism involving aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3

Mao, Ping,Joshi, Kaushal,Li, Jianfeng,Kim, Sung-Hak,Li, Peipei,Santana-Santos, Lucas,Luthra, Soumya,Chandran, Uma R.,Benos, Panayiotis V.,Smith, Luke,Wang, Maode,Hu, Bo,Cheng, Shi-Yuan,Sobol, Robert W National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.21

<P>Tumor heterogeneity of high-grade glioma (HGG) is recognized by four clinically relevant subtypes based on core gene signatures. However, molecular signaling in glioma stem cells (GSCs) in individual HGG subtypes is poorly characterized. Here we identified and characterized two mutually exclusive GSC subtypes with distinct dysregulated signaling pathways. Analysis of mRNA profiles distinguished proneural (PN) from mesenchymal (Mes) GSCs and revealed a pronounced correlation with the corresponding PN or Mes HGGs. Mes GSCs displayed more aggressive phenotypes in vitro and as intracranial xenografts in mice. Further, Mes GSCs were markedly resistant to radiation compared with PN GSCs. The glycolytic pathway, comprising aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) family genes and in particular ALDH1A3, were enriched in Mes GSCs. Glycolytic activity and ALDH activity were significantly elevated in Mes GSCs but not in PN GSCs. Expression of ALDH1A3 was also increased in clinical HGG compared with low-grade glioma or normal brain tissue. Moreover, inhibition of ALDH1A3 attenuated the growth of Mes but not PN GSCs. Last, radiation treatment of PN GSCs up-regulated Mes-associated markers and down-regulated PN-associated markers, whereas inhibition of ALDH1A3 attenuated an irradiation-induced gain of Mes identity in PN GSCs. Taken together, our data suggest that two subtypes of GSCs, harboring distinct metabolic signaling pathways, represent intertumoral glioma heterogeneity and highlight previously unidentified roles of ALDH1A3-associated signaling that promotes aberrant proliferation of Mes HGGs and GSCs. Inhibition of ALDH1A3-mediated pathways therefore might provide a promising therapeutic approach for a subset of HGGs with the Mes signature.</P>