Development and evaluation of film coated aceclofenac and chlorzoxazone tablet with enhanced dissolution rate

Shaila Jain,Aakankchha Jain,Ashay Jain,Sandeep Shrivastava,Amit Kumar Jain 한국약제학회 2016 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.46 No.5

Out of many complications two major problems facing in formulation industry are poor solubility and short half-life of drugs which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration. Solid dosage forms are coated for a number of reasons, the most important of which is controlling the release profiles and bioavailability of the active ingredient. Thus the development of a significant dissolution procedure for drug products with limited water solubility has been a challenge to the pharmaceutical industry. Aceclofenac (Biopharmaceutical classification Class II drug) is a novel non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) having anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The investigation revealed that there is no official dissolution medium available in the literature. The objective of present study is to formulate film coated tablet of Aceclofenac and Chlorzoxazone having short half-life by coating with hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (E5 LV). Then the formulated tablets were evaluated for its physicochemical properties and in vitro release studies. The incorporation of drugs into polymer matrices is considered a valid tool in order to optimize insufficient features of the drug molecule, like solubility, stability or toxic effects. In the present work, the incorporation of aceclofenac was performed in inert HPMC and there was no chemical interaction between the drug and polymers as concluded from the FTIR studies. In the present study, parameters such as solubility, medium pH, surfactant type, dissolution behavior of formulations, stability, and discriminatory effect of dissolution testing in different dissolution mediums were studied for the selection of a proper dissolution medium. The drug showed an enhanced release rate in the dissolution media containing pH 6.8 phosphate buffer, 900 ml with 0.5 % sodium lauryl sulphate at 75 rpm for 60 min and thus was chosen as the discriminating dissolution method for film coated aceclofenac formulation. It was found that greater than 80 % of the label amount is released over 60 min.

Hyperbilirubinemia without biliary obstruction during amoebic liver abscess treated successfully with endoscopic biliary drainage

Ajay Kumar Jain,Suchita Jain,Sandeep Kaulavkar,Ashmeet Choudhary 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.10 No.1

Amoebic liver abscess with jaundice is not uncommon, but jaundice with intractable pruritus due to it is extremely uncommon. We present a case of amoebic liver abscess who had mild icterus at presentation and improved within seven days of conservative management with the decrease in abscess size. One month later, he presented with severe pruritus and deep jaundice. On evaluation, no other cause could be identified to explain his jaundice and severe pruritus other than a residual abscess. Therefore abscess was drained but neither his jaundice nor pruritus responded to the aspiration of abscess. After one week he underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and biliary stenting despite he not having any intra or extra-hepatic biliary dilatation. Following biliary drainage, his pruritus improved completely, and bilirubin became normal over the next few days. In conclusion, bilio-vascular fistulas, when present can lead to severe pruritus and, biliary drainage is an effective treatment for it.

Hyperbilirubinemia without biliary obstruction during amoebic liver abscess treated successfully with endoscopic biliary drainage

Ajay Kumar Jain,Suchita Jain,Sandeep Kaulavkar,Ashmeet Choudhary 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.10 No.1

Amoebic liver abscess with jaundice is not uncommon, but jaundice with intractable pruritus due to it is extremely uncommon. We present a case of amoebic liver abscess who had mild icterus at presentation and improved within seven days of conservative management with the decrease in abscess size. One month later, he presented with severe pruritus and deep jaundice. On evaluation, no other cause could be identified to explain his jaundice and severe pruritus other than a residual abscess. Therefore abscess was drained but neither his jaundice nor pruritus responded to the aspiration of abscess. After one week he underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and biliary stenting despite he not having any intra or extra-hepatic biliary dilatation. Following biliary drainage, his pruritus improved completely, and bilirubin became normal over the next few days. In conclusion, bilio-vascular fistulas, when present can lead to severe pruritus and, biliary drainage is an effective treatment for it.

Influence of granite waste aggregate on properties of binary blend self-compacting concrete

Jain, Abhishek,Gupta, Rajesh,Chaudhary, Sandeep Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.10 No.2

This study explores the feasibility of granite waste aggregate (GWA) as a partial replacement of natural fine aggregate (NFA) in binary blend self-compacting concrete (SCC) prepared with fly ash. Total of nine SCC mixtures were prepared wherein one was Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) based control SCC mixture and remaining were fly ash based binary blend SCC mixtures which included the various percentages of GWA. Fresh properties tests such as slump flow, T₅₀₀, V-funnel, J-ring, L-box, U-box, segregation resistance, bleeding, fresh density, and loss of slump flow (with time) were conducted. Compressive strength and percentage of permeable voids were evaluated in the hardened state. All the SCC mixtures exhibited sufficient flowability, passing ability, and resistance to segregation. Besides, all the binary blend SCC mixtures exhibited lower fresh density and bleeding, and better residual slump (up to 50% of GWA) compared to the OPC based control SCC mixture. Binary blend SCC mixture incorporating up to 40% GWA provided higher compressive strength than binary blend control SCC mixture. The findings of this study encourage the utilization of GWA in the development of binary blend SCC mixtures with satisfactory workability characteristics as a replacement of NFA.

Enhanced antibacterial profile of nanoparticle impregnated cellulose foam filter paper for drinking water filtration

Jain, Shikha,Bhanjana, Gaurav,Heydarifard, Solmaz,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Nazhad, Mousa M.,Kumar, Vanish,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kumar, Sandeep Elsevier 2018 Carbohydrate Polymers Vol.202 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Filtration is a promising water treatment method to purify drinking water. To develop highly efficient drinking water filter paper, water-resistant cellulose foam paper with a high wet strength property was fabricated using diverse metal oxide (e.g., copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), and silver oxide (Ag<SUB>2</SUB>O)) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were synthesized using the hydrothermal reaction method. Their morphological structures were studied using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The presence of coated nanoparticles on the cellulose foam filter was verified by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) methods. The antibacterial performance of different types of modified cellulose foam filters was studied against <I>E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis,</I> and <I>B. cereus</I> strains using the zone of inhibition test. The antibacterial profile of the cellulose foam filter impregnated with Ag<SUB>2</SUB>O nanoparticles, when tested against different types of bacteria, exhibited higher antibacterial activity than the cellulose foam filter impregnated with ZnO and CuO nanoparticles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Facile synthesis of nanoparticles using hydrothermal method. </LI> <LI> Impregnation of nanoparticles in water-resistant cellulose foam paper. </LI> <LI> Morphological, structural, and elemental characterization using SEM and EDX. </LI> <LI> Antibacterial evaluation of impregnated paper against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. </LI> <LI> Enhanced antibacterial profile of nanoparticle modified filter paper compared to unmodified paper. </LI> </UL> </P>

High-Flexion Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Prosthesis: Is It Worth the Hype?

( Sanjeev Jain ),( Aditya Chandrashekhar Pathak ),( Kalaivanan Kanniyan ),( Sourabh Kulkarni ),( Sandeep Tawar ),( Prashant Mane ) 대한슬관절학회 2013 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.25 No.3

High-flexion knee prosthesis was introduced with the aim of obtaining higher degree of flexion and good survivorship in patients with high functional demands or those requiring squatting, kneeling, etc., which is more common in Asians. Based on all the research and experience with this prosthesis, it was concluded that high flexion designs meet the need of deeper degrees of flexion in selected sets of patients only. Results were equal and comparable to the traditional standard posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty design and superior to it in terms of gaining more flexion and fulfilling activities, such as squatting, kneeling, and sitting cross-legged.

Are Truelove and Witts criteria for diagnosing acute severe colitis relevant for the Indian population?A prospective study

Saransh Jain,Saurabh Kedia,Sawan Bopanna,Dawesh P Yadav,Sandeep Goyal,Peush Sahni,Sujoy Pal,Nihar Ranjan Dash,Govind Makharia,Simon P. L. Travis,Vineet Ahuja 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.1

Background/Aims: Truelove and Witts criteria have been used to define acute severe colitis since the 1950s. However, hemoglobin(an additional criterion of the definition) levels in the general population in developing countries are lower than in the population of developed countries. We aimed to determine the relevance of Truelove and Witts criteria in the Indianpopulation. Methods: Consecutive patients with acute severe colitis satisfying the Truelove and Witts criteria, hospitalized ata single center between April 2015 and December 2016 were included. All patients received intravenous corticosteroids and 16 required colectomy. The hemoglobin levels at admission were subsequently excluded from the classification criteria, and the effect this had on the criteria for diagnosis was determined. Results: Out of 61 patients of acute severe colitis diagnosed according to the original Truelove and Witts criteria, 12 patients (20%) had 1 additional criterion, 33 (54%) had 2 additionalcriteria and 16 (26%) had 3 or more additional criteria in addition to 6 or more blood stained stools on admission. On excludinghemoglobin as an additional criterion from the Truelove and Witts definition, all patients still met the criteria for acute severecolitis. Conclusions: Truelove and Witts criteria can be used to define acute severe colitis in India, despite lower mean hemoglobinin the native population.

Parkinson’s Disease: The Emerging Role of Gut Dysbiosis, Antibiotics, Probiotics, and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Sudhir K Dutta,Sandeep Verma,Vardhmaan Jain,Balarama K Surapaneni,Rakesh Vinayek,Laila Phillips,Padmanabhan P Nair 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2019 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.25 No.3

2 decades evidence has emerged to suggest that inflammation-derived oxidative damage and cytokine induced toxicity may play asignificant role in the neuronal damage associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines and T cellinfiltration has been observed in the brain parenchyma of patients with PD. Furthermore, evidence for inflammatory changes hasbeen reported in the enteric nervous system, the vagus nerve branches and glial cells. The presence of α-synuclein deposits in thepost-mortem brain biopsy in patients with PD has further substantiated the role of inflammation in PD. It has been suggested thatthe α-synuclein misfolding might begin in the gut and spread “prion like” via the vagus nerve into lower brainstem and ultimately tothe midbrain; this is known as the Braak hypothesis. It is noteworthy that the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (constipation,dysphagia, and hypersalivation), altered gut microbiota and leaky gut have been observed in PD patients several years prior to theclinical onset of the disease. These clinical observations have been supported by in vitro studies in mice as well, demonstrating the roleof genetic (α-synuclein overexpression) and environmental (gut dysbiosis) factors in the pathogenesis of PD. The restoration of the gutmicrobiome in patients with PD may alter the clinical progression of PD and this alteration can be accomplished by carefully designedstudies using customized probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation.

An Experimental Investigation on Vapor Compression Refrigeration System Cascaded with Ejector Refrigeration System

Kumar Vikas,Sachdeva Gulshan,Tiwari Sandeep,Anuradha Parinam,Jain Vaibhav 대한설비공학회 2021 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.29 No.3

A conventional vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) cascaded with a heat-assisted ejector refrigeration system (ERS) has been experimentally analyzed. Cascading allows the VCRS to operate at lower condenser temperatures and thus achieve a higher coefficient of performance. In this cascaded system, the condenser of the vapor compression system does not dissipate its heat directly to the evaporator of the ERS; instead, water circulates between the condenser of VCRS and the evaporator of ERS to exchange the heat. Seven ejectors of different geometries have been used in the ERS; however, all the ejectors could not maintain thermal equilibrium at the desired operating conditions. The compressor of the cascaded VCRS consumed 1.3 times less power than the noncascaded VCRS. Furthermore, the cascaded system provided a maximum 87.74% improvement in COP over the noncascaded system for the same operating conditions. The performance of the system remained constant until the critical condenser pressure of the ERS.

High risk of tuberculosis during infliximab therapy despite tuberculosis screening in inflammatory bowel disease patients in India

( Ashish Agarwal ),( Saurabh Kedia ),( Saransh Jain ),( Vipin Gupta ),( Sawan Bopanna ),( Dawesh P Yadav ),( Sandeep Goyal ),( Venigalla Pratap Mouli ),( Rajan Dhingra ),( Govind Makharia ),( Vineet A 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4

Background/Aims: The data on the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation with infliximab (IFX) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from TB endemic countries, like India, is limited. The risk of TB reactivation on IFX and its predictors in patients with IBD was assessed. Methods: This retrospective review included consecutive patients with IBD who received IFX, and were on follow-up from January 2005 to November 2017. The data was recorded on age/disease duration, indications for IFX, screening for latent tuberculosis (LTB) before IFX, response to IFX, incidence and duration when TB developed after IFX, and type of TB (pulmonary [PTB]/extra-pulmonary [EPTB]/disseminated). Results: Of 69 patients (22 ulcerative colitis/47 Crohn’s disease; mean age, 35.6±14.5 years; 50.7% males; median follow-up duration after IFX, 19 months [interquartile range, 5.5-48.7 months]), primary non-response at 8 weeks and secondary loss of response at 26 and 52 weeks were seen in 14.5%, 6% and 15% patients respectively. Prior to IFX, all patients were screened for LTB, 8 (11.6%) developed active TB (disseminated, 62.5%; EPTB, 25%; PTB, 12.5%) after a median of 19 weeks (interquartile range, 14.0-84.5 weeks) of IFX. Of these 8 patients’ none had LTB, even when 7 of 8 were additionally screened with contrast-enhanced chest tomography. Though not statistically significant, more patients with Crohn’s disease than ulcerative colitis (14.9% vs. 4.5%, P=0.21), and those with past history of TB (25% vs. 9.8%, P=0.21), developed TB. Age, gender, disease duration, or extraintestinal manifestations could not predict TB reactivation. Conclusions: There is an extremely high rate of TB with IFX in Indian patients with IBD. Current screening techniques are ineffective and it is difficult to predict TB after IFX. (Intest Res 2018;16:588-598)