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Anti-termite Activity of Tamanu Bark Extract (Calophyllum inophyllum L.)
Ainun ZALSABILA,Wasrin SYAFII,Trisna PRIADI,SYAHIDAH 한국목재공학회 2024 목재공학 Vol.52 No.3
This study aimed to analyze the anti-termite properties of tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) stem bark extracts against subterranean termites, specifically, Coptotermes curvignathus. The bark powder of C. inophyllum was extracted using different solvents, such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, using the maceration method. Anti-termite testing was performed using two paper disc methods: no- and two-choice tests. Whatman test paper was dripped with the extract solutions at concentrations of 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% (w/v). Subsequently, the treated paper disc was placed into an acrylic tube, and the subterranean termite was added. The parameters utilized in the test included termite mortality and the weight loss of the test paper. The results revealed that the total extract yield of C. inophyllum stem bark was 30.24%. Furthermore, the extractive substances from C. inophyllum bark exhibited anti-termite activity. The most favorable outcomes were obtained with the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts at a concentration of 10%. The termite mortality and weight loss of the test paper were respectively 66% and 5.67% for the n-hexane extract and 66.67% and 6.19% for the ethyl acetate extract. In addition, the n-hexane extract contained friedelan-3-one, while the ethyl acetate extract contained 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, dinonyl ester, and friedelan-3-one. The results suggested that these compounds are responsible for the observed anti-termite activity.
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Anti-termite Activity of Tamanu Bark Extract (Calophyllum inophyllum L.)
( Ainun Zalsabila ),( Wasrin Syafii ),( Trisna Priadi ),( Syahidah ) 한국목재공학회 2024 목재공학 Vol.52 No.2
This study aimed to analyze the anti-termite properties of tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) stem bark extracts against subterranean termites, specifically, Coptotermes curvignathus. The bark powder of C. inophyllum was extracted using different solvents, such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, using the maceration method. Anti-termite testing was performed using two paper disc methods: no- and two-choice tests. Whatman test paper was dripped with the extract solutions at concentrations of 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% (w/v). Subsequently, the treated paper disc was placed into an acrylic tube, and the subterranean termite was added. The parameters utilized in the test included termite mortality and the weight loss of the test paper. The results revealed that the total extract yield of C. inophyllum stem bark was 30.24%. Furthermore, the extractive substances from C. inophyllum bark exhibited anti-termite activity. The most favorable outcomes were obtained with the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts at a concentration of 10%. The termite mortality and weight loss of the test paper were respectively 66% and 5.67% for the n-hexane extract and 66.67% and 6.19% for the ethyl acetate extract. In addition, the n-hexane extract contained friedelan-3-one, while the ethyl acetate extract contained 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, dinonyl ester, and friedelan-3-one. The results suggested that these compounds are responsible for the observed anti-termite activity.
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An overview of the basic properties of several wood species from North Sumatra
Apri Heri Iswanto,Atmawi Darwis,Arida Susilowati,Widya Fatriasari,Saharman Gea,Luthfi Hakim,Tito Sucipto,Jajang Sutiawan,Syahidah,Niken Subekti,Wahyu Hidayat,Nam Hun Kim 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2022 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10
North Sumatra is one of Indonesia's provinces with the largest forest area. This area is a place for growing several plants such as incense toba (Styrax sumatrana), durame (Styrax benzoin Dryan), bulu (Styrax benzoine var. Hiliferum), raru dahanon (Cotylelobium lanceolatum), pulut (Cotylelobium melanoxylon), songal (Vatica pauciflora), and simalambuo (Loppopethalum beccarianum Pierre). The distribution of all species studied covers the areas of North Tapanuli (for frankincense plant), Central Tapanuli (for raru plant), and Nias Island (for simalambuo plant) of North Sumatra Province. This study shows the characteristics of the wood's basic properties, including physical, mechanical, chemical, and durability properties. The results of the study showed that three types of frankincense wood had specific gravity values (0.43-0.62), MOE (77,685-85,900 kg/cm2), MOR (637-770 kg/cm2), and hardness (391-599 kg/cm2). Based on the strength and durability class, the three types of frankincense wood are in categories III-IV and V. Furthermore, three types of raru wood were identified as having specific gravity values (0.84-0.90), MOE (245,619-308,319 kg/cm2) and MOR (754-1979 kg/cm2). Meanwhile, the content of cellulose, lignin, and extractives ranged from 41.88-42.95%, 19.39-23.24%, 24.76-30.11%, and 10.58-28.60%. Next, simalambuo wood has a specific gravity value (0.44), MOE (152,829 kg/cm2), MOR (391 kg/cm2), and hardness (237 kg/cm2). Meanwhile, the content of cellulose, lignin, and extractives ranged from 42.11%, 45.52%, and 3.35%, respectively.
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Enhancement of electronic protection to reduce e-waste
Yadollah Abdollahi,Suhana Binti Mohd Said,Nor Asrina Sairi,Mohd Faizul Bin Mohd Sabri,Azmi Zakaria,Ebrahim Abouzari-lotf,Masoumeh Dorraj,Raba’ah Syahidah Aziz 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.29 No.-
The electronic devices turn to e-waste due to their insufficient electrical protection which is provided bya ceramic core varistor. The ceramic consists of the surrounded ZnO grains of melted an additives layer. The layer is origin of the quality of the protection. To enhance the quality and consequently prevent ewaste,the fabrication of the varistor was modeled by artificial neural network. The model predicted theoptimized condition that was experimentally fabricated and electrically characterized. The resultsconfirmed the model predictability. In conclusion, the optimization which has industrial scales uppotential warranties the electronic protection that controls the global e-waste.
ScienceON
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