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1930年代後半の漢語の読み方の整理状況 -『辞苑』と『放送用語調査委員会決定語彙記録(一)』の対照 -
Shioda Takehiro 한국일본어학회 2018 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.55
In modern Sino-Japanese words, we can see some examples which are read as two or more patterns, not unified (i.e. “Reading fluctuation of words”). In the past, the Sino-Japanese words which indicates this kind of fluctuation existed more than today. At the Japanese broadcasting station in the latter half of the 1930s, in order to make this fluctuation as small as possible, the person in charge advanced the making of provisions on the use of broadcasting words. In this paper, the author examined the items listed in the document "Authorized Vocabulary Record of Broadcasting Words Investigation Committee (1)" compiled by the Japan Broadcasting Corporation, and explored the part of organizing of “Reading fluctuation" which was conducted by the broadcasting company. Specifically, the author tried to contrast with the described contents of the Japanese dictionary 'Jien', which is considered to be one of the important references in making the provision of broadcasting words. Through the analysis of data, as one of the directivity of "Authorized Vocabulary Record of Broadcasting Words Investigation Committee (1)", with respect to various "Reading fluctuation" that existed at the time, the author pointed out the attitude of unifying the readings, rather than admitting the both readings equally ("unified orientation" rather than "distributed orientation"). Also, despite the fact that there were many Sino-Japanese words that were read as Wu-Pronunciation in everyday life at that time, there were some words that were displayed as Han-Pronunciation in some Japanese dictionary, that caused the divergence from the reality. The author also pointed out the tendency of stopping the increasing of “Han-Pronunciation” which is too much, and prioritizing the Wu-Pronunciation which is based on the real language. 現代の日本語の漢語には、一つの読み方に定まっているのではなく、複数の読み方がなされているものも多い(読みの「ゆれ」)。しかしかつては、この「ゆれ」を示す漢語は、現代よりも多かった。1930年代後半の日本の放送局では、この「ゆれ」をなるべく小さくする方向で、放送用語の使用上の規定作りを進めていった。 本稿では、日本放送協会がまとめた資料『放送用語調査委員会決定語彙記録(一)』の掲載項目について検討し、このころ放送局でおこなわれた「読みの『ゆれ』の整理」の一端を探ってみる。具体的には、放送用語の規定作りをするのにあたって参考にした重要資料の一つであると思われる国語辞典『辞苑』の記述内容との対照を試みる。 その結果、『決定語彙記録1』の指向性の一つとして、当時存在したさまざまな「読みのゆれ」に関して、それらを同等に認めようとするよりも、どれか1つの語形に定めようとする姿勢のほうがが強かったこと(「分散指向」ではなく「統一指向」)を、データの分析を基に指摘する。「標準語」として「ゆれ」をなるべく小さくしようとするものである。 また当時、日常生活で比較的よく用いられる語については実際には呉音で読まれるものも多かったにもかかわらず、国語辞典類では漢音で表示しており、現実との乖離が存在した。『決定語彙記録1』は、一部の語についてゆきすぎた「漢音化」に歯止めをかけ、現実の音声に基づいた呉音読みを優先しようとする傾向が見られることを、指摘する。
How Do Liquid Crystal Molecules Align on Treated Surfaces?
Okada, Yoshinori,Shioda, Tatsutoshi,Chung, Doo-Han,Park, Byoung-Choo,Takezoe, Hideo The Korean Infomation Display Society 2003 Journal of information display Vol.4 No.2
We have studied liquid crystal (LC) molecular alignment on rubbed and photoaligned surfaces. Particular attention was paid to the intermolecular liquid crystalline interaction. We will first show that uniform molecular orientation on a rubbed surface does not mean spatially uniform interaction between the surface and LC molecules. Rather LCs tend to align themselves through LC interaction. The existence of nonuniformity of rubbing was successfully visualized by double surface treatment. The importance of intermolecular LC interaction was also found in the orientation formation process in 5CB evaporated on rubbed and photoaligned surfaces. By simultaneously analyzing polarized UVNIS absorption and second-harmonic generation (SHG) using the maximum entropy method, we succeeded in obtaining the temporal variation of the orientational distribution functions in the film forming process. The distribution anisotropy and pretilt are found to be generated under the influence of intermolecular LC interaction.
韓國産 메주로 부터 分離한 絲狀菌의 生理的 性質 및 固定
櫻井米吉,鹽田日出夫,驅形和男,金昌湜 동국대학교 1984 論文集 Vol.23 No.-
The molds which were fouud in the traditional Meju, collected twice for such areas as Seoul, Icheon, and Chuncheon, respectively of Korea are as follows; 1. From A Meju, Mucor racemosus Fresenius, Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides, Mucor plumbeus Bonorden, Mucorales, Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. ex Fr.) Lind, Rhizopus oligosporus Saito, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium(Westling) Samson et al, Penicillium viridicatum Westling, Penicillium glanulatum Bain, Penicillium brevicompactum Diereckx, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger var. Phoenicis(Corda) Al-Musallam, Asperigillus oryzae(Ahlb.) Cohn, Syncephalastrum racemosum Cohn ex Schro‥ter, Geotrichum candidum Link, Eurotium amstelodami Mangin were isolated. 2. From B Meju, Mucor racemosus Fresenius, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclotium(Westling) Samson et al., Penicillium viridicatum Westling, Penicillium sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides(FRes.) ed Vries, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis(Sacc.) Bain, Scopurariopsis sp., Aspergillus flavus Link were isolated. 3. From C Meju, Mucor sp., Rhizopus stolonifer(Ehrenberg ex Fr.) Lind, Penicillium chrysogenum Thom, Penicillium frequentans Westling, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium(Westling) Samson et al., Penicillium viridicatum Westling, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus versicolor Tiraboshi, Aspergillus flavus var. columnaris Raper et Fennell, Aspergillus niger var. phoenicis(Corda) Al-Musallam, Eurotium repens de Bary, Eurotium herbariorum Link: Fr., Scopulariopsis brevicaulis(Sacc.) Bain were isolated.